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第壹部分:選擇題(50%) 選擇題請填寫於答案卡上
Part I Vocabulary and Phrases 10%
1. Mr. Mathew, a veteran business coach who has a background in marketing,
execution, and new-product development, has acted as a sounding board for a
range of ______ businesses, helping them get off the ground.
(A) unremitting (B) doddering (C) fledgling (D) scathing
2. Many L.A. young artists and digital nomads choose co-living for budget and
socializing, in which they will have person sleeping pods along with access to
_____ working and living spaces.
(A) disparate (B) congenital (C) senile (D) communal
3. Mr. Lee tends to spout off, and his _____ for making off-the-cuff remarks often
lands him in a difficult situation.
(A) propensity (B) taciturn (C) caginess (D) cupidity
4. The deadly coral snake, featuring brightly colored rings to alert other species to
its toxic venom, is so well-known for its warning coloration in the animal kingdom
that other non-threatening species will _____ it in order to camouflage their true
identities.
(A) emulate (B) relinquish (C) thwart (D) ingratiate
5. U.S. inflation data as well as big Tech’s disappointing results sent the global share
markets into a(n) ________, while dollar hit its highest in 2 decades.
(A) abeyance (B) catapult (C) tailspin (D) vertigo
6. The authorities expressed their profound sadness at the tragedy that happened
yesterday and _______ condemns that act of violence.
(A) unequivocally (B) tantalizingly (C) submissively (D) stagnantly
7. Some politicians are suspected of involvement in a massive _______ and bribery
conspiracy that fleeced companies and funneled dirty money into election
funding.
(A) altercation (B) apprehension (C) embezzlement (D) condiment
8. This fine dining restaurant is no stranger to_______. It has two Michelin stars and
has been in the top 10 on the World’s Best list.
(A) avalanche (B) anomalies (C) accolades (D) platitude
9. In America, the highly contagious Omicron subvariant BA.2 has been gaining
steam and case numbers have_______.
(A) expedited (B) dismantled (C) dispersed (D) plateaued
10.Those used to a myriad of shopping options and a 24-hour culture may find
mountain towns boring, since outdoor _______ are at the center of
entertainment.
(A) projectiles (B) amenities (C) adornments (D) subsides
Part II Cloze 10%
Toyota unveiled a modern four-door car cruising down a test track in an
11-second YouTube video. The most important upgrade was the tagline __11__ on
the car’s right side: “Powered By All-Solid-State Battery.” It is considered that an
important milestone has been achieved.
With battery price falling and range rising, electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining a
foothold in the automotive industry. However, every rose has its thorns; it is the leap
forward in battery technology that __12__feathers in conservation world. The bone
of __13__ is the sourcing of materials needed to make the batteries used in EVs from
the seabed. First and foremost, lasting between 11 and 13 years, the batteries will
eventually be put out to __14__, creating millions of tons of battery waste. Trashing
them also requires companies to __15__ the mining of necessary materials, and
these mining projects typically raise environmental and human rights issues. When
EVs faces the steepest increase in demand, it is expected that the cobalt market will
fall into __16__ in 2027, with supplies from mine and recycling only meeting half of
demand. The manufacturers have therefore turned to the seabed as the next frontier
for mining these materials, a decision that made conservationists __17__ with rage.
They __18__ against the plan, arguing that mining in the seabed would bring about
unquantifiable consequences on deep-sea ecosystems and biodiversity.
Currently, a two-pronged strategy is in progress. For one, consumers are
incentivized to turn in their batteries to manufacturers through __19__or cash
incentives, while manufacturers are improving the recycling methods when
recovering materials that go into batteries in a bid to cut down on the need for new
mining projects. For another, scientists and engineers are in __20__, optimizing
batteries in terms of capability, durability, and sustainability. So, even if an EV doesn’t
fit your needs for now, watch this space. `
11. (A) trounced (B) emblazoned (C) epitomized (D) derided
12. (A) jostles (B) perturbs (C) muffles (D) ruffles
13. (A) contention (B) retribution (C) approbation (D) inundation
14. (A) umbrage (B) denture (C) optimum (D) pasture
15. (A) ramp up (B) rough up (C) crash out (D) tap out
16. (A) zenith (B) trough (C) deficit (D) fanfare
17. (A) lenient (B) apoplectic (C) fervid (D) empirical
18. (A) battened down the hatches (B) took up the cudgels
(C) pasted over the cracks (D) tweaked their hamstrings
19. (A) doldrums (B) rebates (C) supersedes (D) benedictions
20. (A) impasse (B) rancor (C) advent (D) overdrive
Part III Discourse Analysis 10%
Top Gun was a huge success with audiences, but how did the movie affect the
recruitment rates of the real-life Navy? __21__ The fast-paced tale of Maverick, a
feckless test pilot with an infamous “need for speed,” Top Gun turned its director
Tony Scott into one of Hollywood’s most in-demand action auteurs and made a
major star of its emerging leading man Tom Cruise.
The action of Top Gun made life in the Navy seem glamorous, a high-octane
parade of thrills and spills that could seduce any viewer. __22__ Of course, not every
wannabe Maverick made it through basic training upon experiencing the reality of
life in the Navy, but Top Gun was still able to spike the institution’s popularity in only
a year after the movie’s release.
According to the US Navy, the box office success of Top Gun saw their
recruitment rates balloon by a massive 500% in the year following the original
movie’s release. This swell in numbers was due in no small part to the institution’s
ability to tap into Top Gun fever when viewers of the movie were still at their most
zealous and over-enthusiastic — as they walked out of the multiplex. The U.S. Navy
set up recruiting stations outside of movie theaters, catching potential recruits as
they were left the cinema hyped up by the movie’s dramatic climax. __23__
While few executives could have guessed how successful Top Gun would be
before the movie’s release, one particularly canny potential star knew how
appealing the movie could make the military seem. Future Full Metal Jacket star
Matthew Modine turned down the role of Maverick not because he disliked the
script, but because he thought the movie would be used as a recruitment tool for
the real-life military (as a pacifist, Modine’s politics didn’t align with those of the US
Navy). __24__
Full Metal Jacket would go on to offer a less glamorous and more grounded
vision of life in the military, but Top Gun remains a beloved cult classic decades after
its release precisely because of the movie’s over-the-top and escapist take on the
institution. As many viewers guessed, the real-life Navy does not have trophies and
pilot rankings. __25__ Only time will tell whether Top Gun: Maverick can recreate
the original Top Gun’s outsized impact on recruitment numbers, although it seems
unlikely that any follow-up could recapture the original’s massive popularity.
(A) The star turned out to be right, with Top Gun causing not only a real-life change
for the Navy’s recruitment rates but one of massive, unforeseen proportions.
(B) Both of them were invented to make the movie’s story more akin to a
triumphant sports movie than a traditional war film.
(C) Released in 1986, Top Gun was a big hit with viewers when it arrived in
theaters.
(D) The strategy paid off, as the Navy soon had their highest number of
applications in years.
(E) As if to prove this point, the success of Top Gun soon translated into a huge
increase in real-life recruitment rates for the Navy.
Part IV Reading Comprehension 20%
Thousands of doctors, nurses and other health professionals across Haiti on
Tuesday were on strike to protest a spike in gang-related kidnappings as supporters
burned tires and blocked roads. The three-day strike shut down public and private
health institutions in the capital, Port-au-Prince, and beyond, with only emergency
rooms accepting patients.
“We are living in a catastrophic situation where no one is protected,” said Louis
Gerald Gilles, a doctor who closed his private practice in the neighborhood of
Delmas on Tuesday to protest the recent kidnappings of two doctors. “No
professional is protected. Today it could be a doctor, tomorrow they could enter the
office of a lawyer or an architect,” he said.
Kidnappings in Haiti increased 180 percent in the past year, with 655 of them
reported to police, said a report by the UN Security Council released in the middle of
last month. Authorities believe that the number is much higher as many kidnappings
go unreported. “No social group was spared; among the victims were laborers,
traders, religious leaders, professors, medical doctors, journalists, human rights
defenders and foreign citizens,” the report said.
The most recent kidnappings of two doctors spooked the staff at
Port-au-Prince’s General Hospital, where union workers gathered on Tuesday and
said conditions had become increasingly dysfunctional since the July 7 killing of
Haitian president Jovenel Moise. They accused Haitian Prime Minister Ariel Henry’s
administration of not releasing sorely needed funds to the Haitian Ministry of Health
for basic services, adding that they were worried about the lack of security. “They
can walk in here, grab anyone and leave with no worry,” said Guerline Jean-Louis, a
44-year-old hospital janitor who joined the strike. “This is why we support the
movement.” Haitian Ministry of Health officials could not immediately be reached
for comment.
Some patients, including Mario Fleurimon, a 39-year-old primary-school teacher,
were unaware of the strike. He strode into a medical complex that was empty
except for a lone security guard. While frustrated he was unable to see a doctor for
his diabetes, he said he supported the strike. “There should be a general rising up to
fight the insecurity,” he said. In a recent statement, the Haitian Medical Association
demanded that the government push to have the doctors released without
conditions and implement measures to “stop the wave of insecurity that strips us of
our fundamental freedom to go freely about our lives.”
One of the doctors was released on Tuesday, although the conditions of his
release were not immediately known. The prime minister has pledged to crack down
on the spike in gang violence and kidnappings, with the US and other countries
pledging resources and training to help an understaffed, underfunded police force.
The strike by health professionals is scheduled to end on Wednesday, while
another strike by the Association of Owners and Drivers in Haiti was expected to
start on Thursday to protest theft of vehicles in the community of Martissant,
________ who have kidnapped or killed several civilians, many of them aboard
public buses.
26. Which of the following titles best describes the main idea of this passage?
(A) Haiti’s Health Professionals Go On Strike
(B) Haiti Ranked Last Among 11 Poor Countries
(C) Health Workers Trained for Pandemic Responses
(D) Actions Taken to Improve Medical Quality in Haiti
27. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
(A) The suspect who killed the president was put to justice after the protest.
(B) The recent kidnappings of two doctors pulled the trigger for the protest.
(C) Authorities were convinced that the crime rate in Haiti was overestimated.
(D) Haitian Minister of Health has committed to increasing the budget for
health care.
28. Which of the following is the most suitable for the blank in the last paragraph?
(A) urgent issue for armed troops
(B) bottom line for corrupted police
(C) ground zero for warring gangs
(D) last straw for illegitimate doctors
The Mariana trench is the deepest point on Earth that is above the Earth’s crust.
Located near Asia, the trench runs for nearly a thousand miles. First surveyed in 1951,
the trench is thought to contain life not found any other place on earth and could be
home to many undiscovered species and perhaps even several species thought to be
extinct. Very inhospitable to the vast majority of ocean life, the Mariana Trench
remains vastly unexplored and has only been surveyed through the use of
unmanned probes. Once thought to be a barren area of the ocean with nothing
more than oceanic bacteria, the trench seemed to be the perfect submarine channel.
Therefore, following the lead of England and the Soviets, the US Navy bathyscaphe
Trieste was lowered to the bottom of the trench in 1960, where two navy personnel
onboard were astounded to see sole, flounder, and shrimp. In 1984 the Japanese
sent a highly advanced research vessel to the trench and were able to record depths
of near 11,000 meters. However, the official depth was changed in 1995 after a
Japanese probe was able to identify areas that were 13740 feet under sea level.
The Mariana Trench, one of twenty two found trenches in the world's oceans, is
not only the deepest but also the widest. Formed by subduction of the ocean’s crusts,
a trench is created when plates topped by oceanic crust are subducted between
neighboring tectonic plates. Even at a depth of 36,000 feet, the bottom of the
Mariana Trench is home to thousands of species of sea life and is home to a complex
ecosystem. The ocean floor represents 80% of the Earth's biosphere, making even
the Mariana Trench a place teeming with life. The Mariana Trench ecosystem is
supplied by the large number of heat vents at the sea bottom. Spewing out sulfide,
they supply food for barophilic bacteria which are then consumed by
microorganisms. These microorganisms are consumed by crab and shrimp which are
then eaten by larger predators.
The leftvent, an example of the seemingly bizarre sealife that can only be found
at deep depths, has watery flesh and poorly ossified bones. Some scientists attribute
the poor ossification to one of the consequences for living at such great depths. The
pressure, constantly pushing on the bones of the leftvent, affects the ossification
process as it disrupts the smooth transfer of cartilage to bone. The leftvent is also
one of several species with extreme sexual dimorphism commonly present in deep
sea species. Females grow to 23 centimeters long while males only grow to 5
centimeters. It is thought that the sparse population of larger fish like the leftvent
forces males to become parasites in order to ensure that a mate is accessible when it
comes time to breed.
The enormous difference in pressure between the Mariana Trench floor and
that on the surface keeps deep sea species from mixing with species from shallow
waters. These conditions are so extreme that even a hungry shark is unable to swim
deep enough to prey upon trench sea life. A shark swimming along the bottom of the
trench would be crushed in less than a second. Humans are also unable to descend
to the bottom without the help of technology. Surveys of the bottom of the Mariana
Trench must be made with submersibles.
29. What can be inferred from paragraph 1?
(A) The Mariana Trench was once used for US submarine warfare.
(B) The U.S. was the first country to send a ship and record the depth of the
Mariana Trench.
(C) The depth of the Mariana Trench is volatile.
(D) It never occurred to the navy personnel that such complex life forms existed at
that depth.
30. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to “teeming”?
(A) jarring (B) seething (C) tampering (D) ravening
31. What is the reason behind the poor ossification of the bones of fish native to the
Mariana Trench?
(A) There is not sufficient sunlight in the trench to allow for ossification.
(B) They don’t have to have well ossified bones because there are few predators
in the Mariana Trench.
(C) The fish in the trench must be able to survive on fewer nutrients.
(D) The pressure from the deep depth of the trench makes proper ossification
impossible.
32. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
(A) Deep sea dwellers often exhibit sexual dimorphism.
(B) The population of leftvent fish decreases every year because of the crushing
pressure.
(C) The population of leftvent fish in the trench is influenced positively due to
sexual dimorphism.
(D) Parasites can help leftvent fish mate with higher success rates.
If we look around us at the things we have purchased at some point in our lives,
we would no doubt notice that not everything we own is being put to good use: the
thick woolen coat which we thought looked trendy despite the fact that we live in a
tropical country, the smartphone that got put away when we bought ourselves the
newest model, the car that only gets used at the weekends, or even the guest room
in our house that somehow got turned into a storeroom. Those underutilized items
may seem useless to some, but could be an asset to others. With the advent of the
internet, online communities have figured out a way to generate profit from the
sharing of those underused assets. Using websites and social media groups that
facilitate the buying and selling of second-hand goods, it is now easier than ever for
peer-to-peer sharing activities to take place. And this is known as the sharing
economy.
The sharing economy is a new model of consumption which has revolutionized
current business models around the world. It is based on the the exchange, the
sharing, and collaboration between individuals of goods, services, resources, time or
knowledge, with or without monetary exchanges, via dedicated platforms. The
factors which led to the development of this economic model include the digital
boom, pressing environmental worries, the lack of confidence in institutions, the
renovation in relationship with properties, and the desire to position the individual
at the center of society. In this way, the sharing economy is shaking up the existing
socio-economic model, both for consumers and for companies, by doubling
traditional offers available and utilizing resources of individuals and offering new
services or complementing traditional offers. For example, busy parents previously
might not have bothered with setting up a stall at the local market or car boot sale
to sell their children's old equipment, but with online marketplaces, parents are now
able to sell on those hardly worn baby clothes that their children have outgrown and
the expensive pushchairs and baby equipment they have invested in, so as to put
some cash back into their pockets.
Besides individuals, businesses have also caught on to the profitability of the
sharing economy and are seeking to gain from making use of those underutilized
resources. A business model that has rapidly risen in popularity sees companies
providing an online platform that puts customers in contact with those who can
provide a particular product or service. Companies like Airbnb is a collaborative
platform characterized by offering accommodation, having previously reserved it,
from an individual. As well as allowing people to cash in on their unused rooms, the
platform provides its users the opportunity to share experiences and discover other
cultures. Since its creation in 2008, Airbnb has not only shaken up the travel sector,
but also the real estate market in some cities.
This move towards a sharing economy is not without criticisms. Unlike
businesses, unregulated individuals do not have to follow certain regulations and
this can lead to poorer and inconsistent quality of goods and services and a higher
risk of fraud. Nevertheless, in the consumerist society we live in today, the increased
opportunities to sell on our unwanted and underused goods can lead to a lesser
impact on our environment.
33. Which of the following is discussed in the passage?
(A) The suggestions on how to lobby the authorities to better protect consumers.
(B) The key factors which led to the boom of the sharing economy in recent years.
(C) The average amount of money people waste on underutilized items every year.
(D) The entrepreneur who first introduced and publicized the concept of sharing
economy.
34. If the following sentences were to be added to the passage, which paragraph
should they go to ?
Another example is Uber. Without owning a single vehicle, nor employing a single
driver, Uber has managed to become the largest taxi company in the world in 10
years. This services platform for self-employed drivers has revolutionized transport
services by putting drivers directly in contact with the consumer through a digital
platform. Although competition in shared transport vehicles is tough, with the
emergence of more competitors in the market, Uber continues to be the most
in-demand platform.
(A) Paragraph 1
(B) Paragraph 2
(C) Paragraph 3
(D) Paragraph 4
35. What can be inferred from the passage?
(A) The employees working in jobs related to the sharing economy are likely to be
laid off in the post-pandemic era.
(B) The sharing economy is good for the sustainability of the globe since it lowers
the need to manufacture new products.
(C) People who want to buy or sell second-hand goods on sharing economy
platforms will have to pay high handling fees.
(D) Those who want to make a quick buck or two through the sharing economy
platforms will be criticized for being penny-pinching.
豐原高級中等學校 111 學年度第一次教師甄選 英文科選擇題答案
I. Vocabulary 10%
1-5 CDAAC
6-10 ACCDB
II. Cloze 10%
11-15 BDADA
16-20 CBBBD
III. Discourse Analysis 10%
21-25 CEDAB
IV. Reading Comprehension 20%
26-28 ABC
29-32 DBDA
33-35 BCB
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歷屆學測自然 
