阿甘

國立臺南女中 110 學年度第一次教師甄選試題卷(英文科)
I. Multiple Choice 17%
1. People were ______ by the murderer’s attitude. Apparently, he showed no compunction about his crime.
(A) appalled (B) compounded (C) elated (D) redressed
 

2. Convenience stores like 7-11 and Family Mart are ______ in Taiwan. You can spot them on practically every corner.
(A) anonymous (B) autonomous (C) ubiquitous (D) unanimous
 

3. They quickly walked past the decrepit market, disturbed by the ______ odor of the rotting vegetables.
(A) fetid (B) gratuitous (C) onerous (D) stingy
 

4. The violinist delivered a ______ performance that displayed none of the passion and warmth he was once known for.
(A) courteous (B) culpable (C) pejorative (D) perfunctory
 

5. The two girls exchanged ______ glances across the dinner table, trying to keep their surprise to themselves.
(A) innate (B) irate (C) fuming (D) furtive
 

6. Many parents feel ______ to pay for at least part of the wedding, but actually it is never their responsibility.
(A) comparative (B) impartial (C) obliged (D) reversed
 

7. You should restrict your presentation to issues ______ to our current discussion. We do not have time for irrelevant details.
(A) confined (B) ebullient (C) germane (D) paramount
 

  Historically, as countries have developed industrially, they have undergone declines in death ratesfollowed by declines in birth rates. Over time they have tended to move from rapid increases in populationto slower increases, then to zero growth and finally to population decreases. The model which demographers use to help explain these changes in population growth is known as the demographic transition model. In order to properly appreciate the demographic transition model, it is necessary tounderstand two basic concepts: the crude birth rate (CBR) and crude death rate (CDR). The CBR isdetermined by taking the number of births in a country in a given year and dividing it by the total population of the country and then multiplying the answer by one thousand. So, for example, the CBR of the UnitedStates in 2004 was 14 (in other words, there were 14 births per thousand living people in that year). CDR isworked out in a similar way. The CDR for the United States in 2004 was 8 per thousand.

  The first stage of the demographic transition model portrays a preindustrial era when both the birthrate and the death rate were high. Typically, women gave birth to a large number of babies. This was partly due to cultural and religious pressures but also because families required a large number of children, since often many didn’t survive into adulthood due to the harsh living conditions. Furthermore, children were needed to help adults work the land or perform other chores. The death rate was high due to the high
incidence of diseases and famine and also because of poor hygiene. Total population tended to fluctuate due to occasional epidemics, but overall there was only a very gradual long-term increase during this stage.

  During the second stage, improvements in hygiene, medical care, and food production led to a decrease in the death rate in newly industrializing regions of Western Europe. However, birth rates remained high due to the tradition and because many people were involved in agrarian occupations. The combination of a lowered CDR and a stable CBR led to dramatic increases in population starting at the beginning of the nineteenth century.

  In stage three, birth rates also began to fall. (A) In cities there was less incentive to produce large numbers of children, since city dwellers no longer worked the land, and the cost of raising children in an urban environment was greater than in rural districts. (B) Furthermore, more children survived into adulthood due to improved living conditions. (C) These economic pressures led to a lower CBR and over time the numbers of people being born started to approximate the numbers dying. (D) 

  The final stage, which some demographers have called the postindustrial stage, occurs when birth rates and death rates are about equal. In this case there is zero natural population growth. Over time the birth rate may fall below the death rate, and without immigration the total population may slowly decrease. By the early twenty-first century, several European countries were experiencing population declines due to the CDR outstripping the CBR. For example, in Italy in 2004 there were about 9 births per thousand against  deaths per thousand.

  The demographic transition took about 200 years to complete in Europe. Many developing countries are still in stage two of the demographic transition model: births far outstrip deaths. In these countries, CDR has declined due to improvements in sanitation and increases in food productivity, but the birth rate has still not adjusted downward to the new realities of improved living conditions. This imbalance of births over deaths in the developing world is the fundamental reason for the dramatic population explosion in the latter
half of the twentieth century. However, population statistics indicate that in many less developed countries the CBRs have begun to decline over recent decades, giving rise to optimism in some quarters about future trends. The rapid industrialization of many parts of the developing world has meant that these countries have reached stage three of the model much faster than countries in the developed world did during the nineteenth century. This fact has led many demographers to predict that world population will reach an equilibrium level sooner and at a lower total than more pessimistic earlier predictions.
 

8. The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to .
(A) population
(B) year
(C) country
(D) number
 

9. According to paragraph 1, what is useful about the demographic transition model?
(A) It helps explain trends in population growth over time.
(B) It can be used to measure birth and death rates.
(C) It clarifies the causes of population increase.
(D) It predicts the relative speed of population patterns.
 

10. In paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT mentioned as relevant to the high birth rates in the preindustrial stage?
(A) The high level of childhood deaths
(B) The need for help in work situations
(C) The pressures of tradition
(D) The high rate of maternal deaths
 

11. What can be inferred from paragraph 2 about the effect of epidemic diseases on population during the preindustrial stage?
(A) They tended to dramatically lower the population growth.
(B) They caused the population to decline temporarily.
(C) They reduced overall population significantly.
(D) They led to sudden overall increases in the birth rate.
 

12. The word “agrarian” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .
(A) basic
(B) menial
(C) farming
(D) village
 

13. According to paragraph 4, what was one of the main causes of the drop in birth rates?
(A) The improvements in hygiene
(B) The lack of agricultural work
(C) The development of urbanization
(D) The superior environment
 

14. The word “equilibrium” in paragrph 6 is closest in meaning to .
(A) economic
(B) stable
(C) variable
(D) fixed
 

15. According to paragraph 6, what is at the root of the huge population increases during the twentiethcentury?
(A) The improvements in health throughout the developing world
(B) The fact that birth rates are increasing in many countries
(C) The lack of resources in many developing countries
(D) The failure of the CDR to respond to economic pressures
 

16. Why does the author mention the optimism felt in some quarters about future population trends?
(A) To introduce the fact that birth rates in some developing countries may be declining faster thananticipated
(B) To emphasize that most researchers have taken a pessimistic view of population expansion
(C) To show that the demographic transition is a valid model of population trends
(D) To suggest that some countries have worked hard a reducing birth rates
 

17. Choose the letter,(A) (B) (C) (D) in paragraph 4, which shows where the following sentence should be
added.
“ Industrialization had led to increased urbanization.”
II. Discourse Analysis 10%
  As Bitcoin, the world’s biggest cryptocurrency, keeps hitting record highs, crypto-mining has become the latest global craze. But before you jump on the bandwagon and become a miner, it helps to have some understanding of blockchain, the record-keeping technology behind the Bitcoin network. Blockchain, sometimes referred to as Distributed Ledger(分類帳) Technology (DLT), is a specific type of database. __18__. As new data comes in, it is entered into a fresh block. Once the block is filled with data it is chained onto the previous block, which makes the data chained together in chronological order. Different types of information can be stored on a blockchain, but the most common use so far has been as a ledger for transactions. __19__. Decentralized blockchains are immutable, which means that the data entered is irreversible. For Bitcoin, this means that transactions are permanently recorded and viewable to anyone. Blockchain seems complicated, and it definitely can be, but its core concept is really quite simple. A simple analogy for understanding blockchain technology is a Google Doc. When we create a document and share it with a group of people, the document is distributed instead of copied or transferred. __20__. No one is locked out awaiting changes from another party, while all modifications to the doc are being recorded in real-time, making changes completely transparent. Of course, blockchain is more complicated than a Google Doc, but the analogy is apt because it illustrates its critical ideas.

  While there are significant upsides to the blockchain, there are also significant challenges to its adoption. Firstly, although blockchain can save users money on transaction fees, the technology is far from free. __21__. Also, blockchain is not efficient enough. Bitcoin is a perfect case study for the possible inefficiencies of blockchain. Bitcoin’s “proof of work” system takes about ten minutes to add a new block to the blockchain. __22__. Finally, while confidentiality on the blockchain network protects users from hacks and preserves privacy, it also allows for illegal trading and activity on the blockchain network. The most cited example of blockchain being used for illicit transactions is probably the Silk Road, an online “dark web” drug marketplace operating from February 2011 until October 2013 when it was shut down by the FBI.

 Despite its drawbacks, blockchain is still an especially promising and revolutionary technology because it helps reduce risk, stamps out fraud and brings transparency in a scaleable way for myriad uses. Just as the MIT Technology Review concludes, “The whole point of using a blockchain is to let people — in particular, people who don't trust one another — share valuable data in a secure, tamperproof way.”
 

(A) This creates a decentralized distribution chain that gives everyone access to the document at the same time
 

(B) It makes the history of any digital asset unalterable and transparent through the use of decentralization and cryptographic hashing
 

(C) The “proof of work” system that bitcoin uses to validate transactions, for example, consumes vast amounts of computational power
 

(D) In Bitcoin’s case, blockchain is used in a decentralized way so that no single person or group has control—rather, all users collectively retain control
 

(E) With solutions to this issue being in development for years, there are currently blockchains that are boasting over 30,000 transactions per second
 

(F) It differs from a typical database in the way it stores information by keeping data in blocks that are then chained together
 

(G) At that rate, it’s estimated that the blockchain network can only manage about seven transactions per second
 

III. Reading Comprehension (8%)
  Around the world, governments and automakers are promoting electric vehicles as a key technology to curb oil use and fight climate change. As electric cars and trucks go mainstream, however, they have faced a persistent question: Are they really as green as advertised? While experts broadly agree that electric vehicles are a more climate friendly option than traditional vehicles, they can still have their own environmental impacts, depending on how they’re charged up and manufactured.

  Broadly speaking, most electric cars sold today tend to produce significantly fewer planet-warming emissions than most cars fueled with gasoline. But a lot depends on how much coal is being burned to charge up those plug-in vehicles. An all-electric Chevrolet Bolt, for instance, can be expected to produce 189 grams of carbon dioxide for every mile driven over its lifetime. By contrast, a new gasoline-fueled Toyota Camry is estimated to produce 385 grams of carbon dioxide per mile. A new Ford F-150 pickup truck, which is even less fuel-efficient, produces 636 grams of carbon dioxide per mile. On the other hand, if the Bolt is charged up on a coal-heavy grid, such as those currently found in the Midwest, it can actually be a bit worse for the climate than a modern hybrid car like the Toyota Prius, which runs on gasoline but uses a battery to bolster its mileage. (The coal-powered Bolt would still beat the Camry and the F-150, however.)
  “Coal tends to be the critical factor,” said Jeremy Michalek, a professor of engineering at Carnegie Mellon University. “If you’ve got electric cars in Pittsburgh that are being plugged in at night and leading nearby coal plants to burn more coal to charge them, then the climate benefits won’t be as great, and you can even get more air pollution.”

   Raw materials used to manufacture electric vehicles can also be problematic. Like many other batteries, the lithium-ion cells that power most electric vehicles rely on raw materials — like cobalt, lithium and rare earth elements — that have been linked to grave environmental and human rights concerns. Cobalt has been especially problematic. Mining cobalt produces hazardous tailings and slag that can leach into the environment, and studies have found high exposure in nearby communities, especially among children, to cobalt and other metals. At present, as much as 70 percent of the world’s cobalt supply is mined in the Democratic Republic of Congo, a substantial proportion in unregulated mines where workers — including many children — dig the metal from the earth using only hand tools at great risk to their health and safety.

  To deal with the problem, automakers have committed to eliminating “artisanal” cobalt from their supply chains, and have also said they will develop batteries that decrease, or do away with, cobalt altogether. But that technology is still in development, and the prevalence of these mines means these commitments “aren’t realistic,” said Mickaël Daudin of Pact, a nonprofit organization that works with mining communities in Africa. Instead, Mr. Daudin said, manufacturers need to work with these mines to lessen their environmental footprint and make sure miners are working in safe conditions. Green as they seem, there is still much room for improvement for these electric cars.
 

23. What is the purpose of this passage?
(A) To evaluate electric cars. (B) To provide a solution to climate change.
(C) To promote green vehicles. (D) To warn against cobalt mining.
 

24. Which of the following is used synonymously with plug-in vehicles?
(A) Electric cars. (B) Hybrid cars.
(C) Cars with combustion engines (D) Cars fueled with gasoline.
 

25. In a city that generates electricity by burning coal, how environmentally friendly are the following cars?
X: Chevrolet Bolt, Y: FordF-150, Z: Toyota Camry, W: Toyota Prius Please arrange them in the correct order, from the most environmentally friendly to the least environmentally friendly.
(A) XWZY (B) XZYW (C) WXZY (D) WZYX
 

26. What does “artisanal” cobalt most likely refer to?
(A) Cobalt mined with craftsmanship. (B) Cobalt mined with hand tools.
(C) Cobalt causing radioactive pollution. (D) Cobalt causing water pollution.
 

IV. Examination Questions Design 35%
1. Please SUMMARIZE the following article into 200 to 250 words (6%) and design FIVE cloze test questions
(5%) and THREE reading comprehension questions (9%) respectively, based on your REWRITTEN passage.
(20%)
（閱測題請至少出一題混合題型。克漏字與閱測題皆須附上答案。）
 

The original text:
 

  People must breathe in order to live. The process of breathing ("respiration", in medical terminology) is critical because it is the sole mechanism through which vital gasses such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can move between the air and the blood. When someone breathes in, oxygen is removed from the air and dissolved into the blood where it is used as fuel by the body's cells. When someone breathes out, cellular waste products like carbon dioxide are removed from the blood and exhaled back out into the air. This complex transfer of gasses takes place in the lungs and involves a number of structures associated with the lungs that help move gasses between the lungs and the air: the bronchi (airways or passages within the lungs), and the alveoli (tiny air sacs composed of special membranes found at the end of the bronchi at which point the transfer of gases between the blood and the air occurs).

  Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD for short) occurs when permanent blockages form within the pulmonary system (the term "pulmonary" refers to the lungs and respiratory system) that interfere with the transfer of vital gasses. To be diagnosed with COPD means that some portion of one's bronchi or alveoli have become permanently obstructed, reducing the volume of air that can be handled by the lungs. As this process progresses, the overall efficiency of the gas exchange process is reduced.

  There are two underlying disorders that can cause COPD: Emphysema and chronic Bronchitis. Bronchitis is literally an inflammation of the bronchi. The walls of the bronchi inside the lungs become inflamed, and this inflammation decreases the bronchi's diameter so that less air is able to flow through than normal. The inflammation process promotes excessive production of mucus. Bronchial mucus, which serves to keep the airways clean and free of bacteria, is produced under normal conditions. However, the excessive mucus produced in bronchitis is thicker and more difficult to cough up than normal, and acts to clog the airways and inhibit lung capacity.

  Emphysema also reduces the efficiency of the gas exchange process, only in a different manner. Emphysema affects the alveoli, specifically their sensitive membranes through which the gas exchange process occurs. Emphysema causes alveolar membranes to lose elasticity, become brittle, and then actually rip and tear. Broken alveolar membranes cannot be regenerated by the body. Each time alveolar membranes burst, more surface area within the lung necessary for gas transfer is permanently lost. As this process progresses, it becomes very difficult for patients to exhale because their weakened airways threaten collapse the harder they try to breathe out. The heart tries to compensate for the loss
of oxygen available in the bloodstream by pumping harder and faster, a process associated with other serious complications including heart failure.

  Asthma is another respiratory disease that may be associated with COPD but which is not itself classified as COPD. People who have asthma have highly sensitive bronchi that are more reactive to environmental irritants like smoke, dust and pollen than are the bronchi of people who do not have asthma. During an asthma attack, asthma patients' bronchi swell and narrow in a manner similar to what occurs in bronchitis, restricting the volume of gasses that can be transferred between the blood and the air. At this time, the exact relationship between asthma and COPD is unclear. However, there is some evidence to support the "Dutch Hypothesis" that both asthma and COPD have common genetic origins and may represent different expressions of a similar disease process. The jury is still out on whether the Dutch Hypothesis is accurate or not, but numerous researchers believe that it is at least partially true that asthmatic people may have a heightened genetic vulnerability for COPD.
 

2. Please make the following passage into a passage of 250-300 words, design a discourse analysis question (篇章結構). Rewrite and underline the FOUR sentences that will be made into blanks.(15%)
 

The original text:
 

  Economic hardship exacts a toll on millions of families worldwide – and in some places, it comes at the price of a child’s physical safety. Nearly 1 in 10 children across the globe (around 152 million) are subjected to child labour, almost half of whom are in hazardous forms of work.

  Children may be driven into work for various reasons. Most often, child labour occurs when families face financial challenges or uncertainty – whether due to poverty, sudden illness of a caregiver, or job loss of a primary wage earner. The consequences are staggering. Child labour can result in extreme bodily and mental harm, and even death. It can lead to slavery and sexual or economic exploitation. And in nearly every case, it cuts children off from schooling and health care, restricting their fundamental rights and threatening their futures. Migrant and refugee children – many of whom have been uprooted by conflict, disaster or poverty – also risk being forced into work and even trafficked, especially if they are migrating alone or taking irregular routes with their families. Trafficked children are often subjected to violence, abuse and other human rights violations. And some may be forced to break the law. For girls, the threat of sexual exploitation looms large, while boys may be exploited by armed forces or groups. Whatever the cause, child labour compounds social inequality and discrimination, and robs girls and boys of their childhood. Unlike activities that help children develop, such as contributing to light housework or taking on a job during school holidays, child labour limits access to education and harms a child’s physical, mental and social growth. Especially for girls, the “triple burden” of school, work and household chores heightens their risk of falling behind, making them even more vulnerable to poverty and exclusion.

  UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) works to prevent and respond to child labour, especially by strengthening the social service workforce. Social service workers play a key role in recognizing, preventing and managing risks that can lead to child labour. Their efforts develop and support the workforce to identify and respond to potential situations of child labour through case management and social protection services, including early identification, registration and interim rehabilitation and referral services. They also focus on strengthening parenting and community education initiatives to address harmful social norms that perpetuate child labour, while partnering with national and local governments to prevent violence, exploitation and abuse. With the International Labour Organization (ILO), we help to collect data that make child labour visible to decision makers. These efforts complement our work to strengthen birth registration systems, ensuring that all children possess birth certificates that prove they are under the legal age to work. Children removed from labour must also be safely returned to school or training. UNICEF supports increased access to quality education and provides comprehensive social services to keep children protected and with their families. To address child trafficking, UNICEF works with United Nations partners and the European Union on initiatives that reach 13 countries across Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.

V. Essay Questions 20%
1. To develop Taiwan into a bilingual nation, many bilingual experimental classes are to be set up. As the English and homeroom teacher of the bilingual experimental class of Tainan Girls’ Senior High School,how would you cooperate with teachers of other subjects to design lessons and help them incorporate English into their courses? Please use a certain subject to make clear your teaching goals and explain how you will work with the teacher specifically. (10%)
 

2. Social media and smart phones have played an important role in our daily life. Many students like to use their phones at school. How will you make use of social media and smart phones in your English teaching to help students FULLY participate in class? Please give 2 specific examples to show how you make them good learning tools. (10%)
 

VI. Translation 10%
媒體釋讀(media literacy)，簡而言之，就是一種可以分辨不同媒體種類與他們發送出來訊息的能力。當我們看到電視上或是雜誌裡的某個影像，一開始我們腦中浮現的是什麼？我們能了解看到的東西，是根據我們的判斷、過往經驗、跟我們的世界觀，但是這個影像本身就會左右我們的思考往某個方向去。也就是說，影像呈現的方式可能是有偏見的，而且會影響讀者，使他們對某個議題採取某種立場。就過去這幾年科技發展來說吧，我們被許多影像、評論、影片不斷轟炸，試圖想要左右我們的思考方式。所以身為讀者，我們要客觀地看待任何影像，分析出影像呈現的內容。只有在每個論點正反兩面都能被呈現出來時，我們才可以根據我們得到的訊息來做出知情的決定（informed decision）。

參考解答

臺中市立文華高級中等學校 110 學年度第 1 次教師甄選 英文科專業知能試題本(部分試題)

一、選擇題 (共 45 分) 

測驗說明: 測驗說明: 本測驗共有兩部分，含選擇題及非選擇題。選擇題共計36 題，共 45 分，答案請劃記在答案卡上。非選擇題共 3 大題，共 55 分，答案請直接寫在答案卷上，並請清楚標記題號。
I. Vocabulary (10%)
1. Our new manager Patricia is _____ about punctuality, so always arrives 10 minutes before any meeting. 
(A) fractious (B) fastidious (C) factitious (D) facetious

 2. To preserve their energy, hummingbirds in the Andes Mountains have been found to go into exceptionally deep _____, a state similar to hibernation in which their body temperaturefalls by as much as 50 degrees Fahrenheit.
(A) tumult (B) torpor (C) turmoil (D) tentacle
 

3. The new movie sequel immediately became divisive, with some praising the film’s intense fight choreography, while others _____ the director for changing major facets of the main character.
(A) nullified (B) lamented (C) lambasted (D) perforate
 

4. Doctors said that the conventional medicine can only _____ the condition, but it cannot cure them for good. 
(A) palliate (B) captivate (C) extirpate (D) recapitulate
 

5. Public housing tenants routinely complain about _____ living conditions, including frequent hot water outages, broken elevators, lead paint and rats.
(A) immaculate (B) hypnotic (C) squalid (D) flaccid
 

6. In the past five years, skin care companies have increasingly _____ beauty with wellness. Sixty-five percent of customers linked the two categories together in a recent survey.
(A) conflated (B) toppled (C) spurned (D) envisaged
 

 7. My father holds _____ beliefs that boys should always dress in blue while girls should go with pink. 
(A) pugnacious (B) tenacious (C) capricious (D) egregious
 

8. It is strange that Klay is humble and modest with his best friend, but snotty and _____ toward his colleagues.
(A) docile (B) supercilious (C) copious (D) exiguous
 

9. Many consider political systems rife with corruption and , obviating the possibility of running for public office.
(A) disapprobation (B) aptitude (C) candor (D) nepotism
 

10. It is the lack of detailed data and proper statistical analysis that has begun to raise doubts about the _____ of research. 
(A) veracity (B) juxtaposition (C) rapprochement (D) opprobrium
 

II. Cloze Test (10%)
There are few more complex or studied chess openings than the Sicilian Defense. Known since the sixteenth century, it is now recognized as the most-feared __11.__ options for Black response to white playing 1.e4. __12.__ , don’t let the word “defense” fool you—the Sicilian is an aggressive, complex opening with many variations, and in the modern era has been a staple of many grandmasters’ __13.__.

Because it’s an asymmetrical opening, the Sicilian tends to lead to aggressive, exciting contests as white presses her advantage on the kingside while black develops queenside counterplay. The complexity of the positions and the sheer number of variations make it an __14.__ opening for beginners, which is why it’s important to understand the main ideas behind the opening and its major __15.__ before jumping into a game with them. Of course, the Sicilian Dragon is a chess opening which can’t be successfully played without any theoretical knowledge. There are certain razor-sharp lines in which you need to know your stuff inside out.

11. (A) random (B) humdrum (C) counterattacking (D) superficial
12. (A) But (B) Specifically (C) Accordingly (D) Nevertheless
13. (A) repertoires (B) alimony (C) connoisseur (D) pulchritude
14. (A) amicable (B) intimidating (C) artless (D) internecine
15. (A) valediction (B) vacillation (C) variations (D) ventilation
 

Solar energy production has made huge strides in recent years, __16.__ advances in photovoltaic technologies—the underpinnings of solar panels—have made it easier and cheaper to harness energy from the sun. But there are still challenges regarding how to store the energy harvested by solar panels. If we could convert solar energy into a liquid form, though, it becomes much easier to store and transport. Now, a group based at UNC-Chapel Hill has __17.__ a huge grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to advance research on new designs to convert sunlight into storable fuels. If scientists could __18.__ the process in photosynthesis, and produce electricity stored as a liquid fuel, it could potentially be used in combustion engines and fuel cells. 

The process is called artificial photosynthesis, and scientists have made some notable successes __19.__ all contained in the lab. Nonetheless, the technology may not be far away from becoming a reality. If this so-called solar thermal fuel can be perfected, it might __20.__ of fossil fuels.

16. (A) unless (B) while (C) as (D) despite
17. (A) occupied (B) landed (C) yielded (D) amassed
18. (A) reprise (B) reiterate (C) replicate (D) reimburse
19. (A) as if (B) only if (C) now that (D) albeit
20. (A) drive a nail in the coffin  (B) hit a nail on the head  (C) roll in the grave  (D) steal the thunder
 

III. Contextual Matching (7%)
A record-breaking commercial-scale hydrogen plane has taken off in the UK. As the plane rose from the runway for what was to prove a smooth and __21.__ flight, the team breathed a sigh of relief. The six-seater Piper M-Class had been fitted out at a research and development hub at Cranfield airport in the UK to run on hydrogen, and on this __22.__ flight in the late summer of 2020 everything worked perfectly. With that flight, ZeroAvia, the California-based start-up that had developed the aircraft with partners in Britain and elsewhere, was ready to move to the next stage in the journey towards zero carbon aviation. 

 A catchphrase for the transition to a low or zero carbon economy is “electrify everything”—that is, create a world in which most human activities, from manufacturing and construction to transport and tourism, run on electricity __23.__ from low or zero carbon sources such as wind, solar and perhaps nuclear power. But there is a problem: some sectors look to be hard if not impossible to electrify in the near and medium term, and aviation is, perhaps, __24.__ among them. At first glance, hydrogen looks to be a good solution to the challenge of flying without wrecking the climate. Whether hydrogen is used to power a fuel cell or directly __25.__for motive power, the only waste product is clean water. Importantly in the context of flight, hydrogen packs a lot of energy per unit of mass—three times more than conventional jet fuel, and more than a hundred times that of lithium-ion batteries.

 For now, one thing remains almost certain: hydrogen is likely to continue to be __26.__ more expensive than conventional jet fuel for years or decades to come, limiting its role in greening aviation—unless the other costs of aviation come to be weighed __27.__. Campaigners argue that conventionally-fueled aviation must be priced to reflect the cost of the damage it causes to the climate. This might mean higher ticket prices, but it could also give us aviation that does not cost the Earth. 

(A) foremost (B) nonchalant (C) combusted (D) substantially (E) maiden
(AB) otherwise (AC) impartially (AD) uneventful (AE) penchant (BC) generated
 

IV. Reading Comprehension (18%)
In 2015, when the International Olympic Committee (IOC) awarded the 2022 Winter Olympics to Beijing, some people criticized the decision because of China’s human-rights record. Just in the previous few weeks China had rounded up hundreds of civil-society activists across the country. But the rival candidate for the games was another authoritarian state, Kazakhstan. Democracies such as Norway had pulled out of the race. And few people even imagined that, within two years, China would be building a gulag in Xinjiang to incarcerate more than 1m ethnic Uyghurs because of their religious and cultural beliefs.

Attitudes in the West towards China have hardened a lot since the IOC made its decision. In January America called the repression in Xinjiang “genocide”. On March 22nd it joined Britain, Canada and the European Union in a simultaneous declaration of sanctions against Chinese officials involved in that region’s atrocities. It was a rare co-ordinated attempt by Western powers to put pressure on China over its human-rights record. They have been riled, too, by China’s clampdown in Hong Kong and its growing challenge to liberal norms globally. The winter games, which are due to begin on February 4th, will be among the most controversial in Olympic history.Some countries’ leaders may stay away, as may some athletes. America’s president, Joe Biden, has yet to clarify what he will do. But it is unlikely that he or any other senior American official will attend, given how they have described China’s actions in Xinjiang. Mitt Romney, a Republican senator, wrote this month that his country should send its athletes but ask spectators, other than participants’ family members, not to go. China may decide to keep tight border-controls anyway, if it fears a resurgence of covid-19. 

IOC officials say boycotts punish athletes and do not work: the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan continued for eight years after the Moscow Olympics. The IOC shunned South Africa during the apartheid era, but notes that it did so in concert with a broad un-backed international movement. South Africa, however, lacked the political and economic might of China. This month Thomas Bach, the IOC’s president, said his organization was not a “super world government”.

If an Olympic boycott movement gains momentum, it may be due as much to China’s behavior abroad as to its abuses at home.
 

28. Why does the West thwart Beijing’s hosting the 2022 Winter Olympics?
 (A) China is villainous for its inhumane policies against the Uighurs.
 (B) Kazakhstan has been communicating friendliness and openness.
 (C) IOC committed something iniquitous that infuriated Norway.
 (D) Those whose human rights have been deprived spoke out.
 

29. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons the Western world is riled?
 (A) A gulag built in Xinjiang. (B) The Uyghur genocide.
 (C) The clampdown in Hong Kong. (D) Sanctions against Chinese officials.
 

30. What is the purpose of Bach saying IOC was not a “super world government”?
 (A) To force acceptance of the Olympic boycott movement.
 (B) To enunciate its aversion to the Soviet and South Africa.
 (C) To clarify that it couldn’t resolve political issues in China.
 (D) To connote its succumbing to Western powers.
 

Frozen organs could be brought back to life safely one day with the aid of nanotechnology, a new study finds. The development could help make donated organs available for virtually everyone who needs them in the future, the researchers say. In the new work, scientists developed a way to safely thaw frozen tissues with the aid of nanoparticles — particles only nanometers or billionths of a meter wide.

The scientists tested their method on frozen human skin cells, segments of pig heart valves and sections of pig arteries. None of the rewarmed tissues displayed signs of harm from the heating process, and they preserved key physical properties such as elasticity. Moreover, the researchers were able to wash away the nanoparticles from the sample after thawing. However, nanotechnology is still at the level of rabbit organs now. As for human organs, Nanotech is still a long way to go.

The number of donated organs that could be transplanted into patients could increase greatly if there were a way to freeze and reheat organs without damaging the cells within them. The researchers manufactured silica-coated nanoparticles that contained iron oxide. When they applied a magnetic field to frozen tissues suffused with the nanoparticles, the nanoparticles generated heat rapidly and uniformly. The tissue samples warmed up at rates of up to more than 260 degrees Fahrenheit (130 degrees Celsius) per minute, which is 10 to 100 times faster than previous methods.

Since the first successful kidney transplant in 1954, organ transplantation has saved thelives of hundreds of thousands of patients. If it weren't for the large and growing shortage of
donor organs, the life-saving procedure might help even more people. According to the U.S. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, more than 120,000 patients are currently on organ-transplant waitlists in the United States, and at least 1 in 5 patients on these waitlists die waiting for an organ that they never receive.

Right now, the majority of organs that could potentially be used for transplants are discarded, 
in large part because they can only be safely preserved for 4 to 36 hours. If only half the hearts 
and lungs that are discarded were successfully transplanted, the waitlists for those organs could 
be eliminated in two to three years, according to the Organ Preservation Alliance.

No matter what methods have been developed, one possible way to save donated organs for transplantation is to freeze them. Ice crystals that can damage cells typically form during freezing, but in prior work, researchers have found a technique known as vitrification — which involves flooding biological specimens with antifreeze-like compounds — that could help cool down organs to stave off decay, while also preventing the formation of ice crystals.

Unfortunately, ice crystals can also form during the reheating process. Moreover, if thawing is not uniform across samples, fracturing or cracking may occur. Although scientists had developed methods to safely use freezing-cold temperatures to "cryopreserve" tissues and organs, they had not yet developed a way to safely reheat them.
 

31. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
(A) Reviving Frozen Organs: Nanotech May Pave the Way
(B) Stop Discarding Organs: New transplanting Technique
(C) More Donated Organs Are Needed to Save More Lives
(D) Big Breakthrough in Reheating Human Brain Process
 

32. According to the article, which of the following statements is true?
(A) 25% of the patients on the organ-transplant waitlists passed away.
(B) Donated organs could only be safely preserved for three days at the most.
(C) With the aid of vitrification, human organs can now be permanently stored.
(D) The formation of ice crystals during freezing and reheating process is a thorny issue.
 

33. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward Nanotech?
(A) The author firmly believes that Nanotech can be the panacea.
(B) The author feels apathetic about the development of Nanotech.
(C) The author takes objection to the aid of Nanotech. 
(D) The author has reserved opinion on the application of Nanotech.
 

The desire to dominate our fellow human beings is innate. You see it among young children. Three-year-olds boss around their younger siblings, shoving them, grabbing their toys, ordering them to act as the pet dog or Egyptian slave in a game of make-believe.

Some adults are just as bad, though usually more subtle. Some bosses force interns to run personal errands for them, just because they can. Some managers build empires rather than better products. Some petty officials flex their bureaucratic muscles because they find it deeply, sinfully pleasurable to bend others to their will. In some countries, they grow rich by making ordinary citizens’ lives so miserable that people bribe them to lay off.

Since the most powerful organizations in the world are governments, politics naturally attracts those who most crave power. And if history has taught us anything, it is that lust is only ever satiated temporarily.

Stalin was not content to be master of a vast empire; he wanted to command his subjects’ thoughts as well as their actions. He punished the slightest hint of dissent with imprisonment or death. Millions starved in the famine he caused in Ukraine because he wouldn’t admit the errors of his farm policy.

Twentieth-century totalitarian leaders amassed power on a scale that past emperors could not have imagined. Orwell was among the first to notice what that meant: “Obedience is not enough. Unless [a citizen] is suffering, how can you be sure that he is obeying your will and not his own?” says O’Brien in “Nineteen Eighty-Four”. “If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face—forever.”

Communism failed because Karl Marx never understood how corrupting and intoxicating power can be. Constitutional democracies are built on a sounder understanding of human nature: we build checks and balances to restrain our leaders.

Democracy is always imperfect, and always in need of repairs. But it is preferable to all other forms of government because it is built on a simple insight: that we, the people, should constantly tighten the binds that tie our masters. Some of them, of course, might enjoy it. 
 

34. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “flex their muscles” in the second paragraph?
(A) To compel one to leave some place with force.
(B) To forcefully interfere with something.
(C) To demonstrate one’s influence or power.
(D) To acquire as many of something as possible.

35. In the fifth paragraph, the author quotes from Orwell and O’Brien to illustrate how the totalitarian leaders had used power. Which of the following quotations best matches the idea of power in this paragraph?
(A) Power doesn’t corrupt people, people corrupt power. – William Gaddis
(B) The universe runs on the principle that one who can exert the most evil on other creatures runs the show. – Bangambiki Habyarimana
(C) Being powerful is like being a lady. If you have to tell people you are, you aren’t.– Margaret Thatcher
(D) Power isn’t control at all — power is strength, and giving that strength to others. – Beth Revis
 

36. According to the passage, why is democracy a more preferable choice to other political systems?
(A) The person in power has no restraints and can therefore act quickly and effectively to solve a problem without having to think about re-election.
(B) The person in power is not held accountable to anyone, neither to the other branches of government nor to the people electing him/her.
(C) The person in power can organize ministries full of officials and experts to ensure the amount of expertise needed to manage every aspect of a government.
(D) The person in power may be voted out of office if they act in an unethical way so they have to be responsible to carry out the will of those who elected them

參考答案

國立臺南第二高級中學 110 學年度第一次教師甄選 英文科 試題
第一部分: 選擇題 
一、字彙測驗：每題 1 分，本大題共 10 分
1. Being reserved, he is often the last person to take the ______.
(A) consequence (B) blame (C) initiative (D) responsibility
 

2. The discovery of the new vaccine is an important ______ in the fight against COVID-19.
(A) breakthrough (B) commitment (C) demonstration (D) interpretation
 

3. Judging from the evidence, this is a(n) ______ murder, not an accident.
(A) progressive (B) deliberate (C) ridiculous (D) intact
 

4. The information discussed in today's office meeting is ______. It's a top secret.
(A) official (B) confidential (C) beneficial (D) artificial
 

5. According to the official statistics, since the new law on helmets was ______, the number of people killed in motorcycle accidents has gone down.
(A) supplemented (B) complimented (C) complemented (D) implemented
 

6. He had too much to think about and felt lost in the bewildering ______ of his thoughts.
(A) suture (B) geyser (C) inertia (D) welter
 

7. Parents often get some ______ pleasure from their children's success.
(A) voracious (B) vernacular (C) vicarious (D) vituperative
 

8. The movement aimed to discourage smoking and other offensive habits, to ______ moral values in children.
(A) inculcate (B) cogitate (C) dissipate (D) prevaricate
 

9. The young soprano retains a(n) ______ humility that is surprising, given the critical acclaim she has received.
(A) unfeigned (B) spurious (C) mendacious (D) loquacious
 

10. I recently spent a week in Alaska trying to learn how to be a mountaineer. I did not succeed very well, and the details are not very interesting. I finished the course (I was enrolled in a course) thinking that perhaps I am better off remaining a slightly-above-average mountain ______. An occasional rock climber.
(A) neophyte (B) mountebank (C) connoisseur (D) dilettante
 

二、綜合測驗：每題 1 分，本大題共 10 分
第 11 題至 15 題為題組
Asian Americans are always __11.__ to racist violence. The brutality runs through more than two centuries of U.S. history. __12.__ racial violence has been an undeniable part of the history of Asian Americans in the U.S., the pervasive "model minority" myth has helped to obscure it. __13.__ during the civil rights era to stymie racial-justice movements, this false idea suggests that Asian Americans are more successful than other ethnic minorities because of hard work, education and inherently law abiding natures.

Because the myth suggests upward mobility, it creates a(n) __14.__ that Asian Americans don't experience struggle or racial discrimination. __15.__, the community is America's most economically divided: a 2018 study by the Pew Research Center found that Asian Americans experience the largest income-inequality gap as an ethnic and racial group in the U.S.
11. (A) subject (B) contrary (C) superior (D) dedicated
12. (A) As (B) While (C) Before (D) If
13. (A) Generating (B) People contributed (C) Constructed (D) To produce
14. (A) osmosis (B) fallacy (C) improbity (D) dilution
15. (A) Likewise (B) Accordingly (C) In reality (D) What's more
 

第 16 題至 20 題為題組
Had the 1,300-foot Ever Given not run aground in the Suez Canal on March 23, global trade __16.__ by the blockage that lasted for almost a week. Since the ship was dislodged on March 29, investigators __17.__ data from the ship’s voyage data recorder for more clues to how the vessel ended up lodged in the bank of the canal. People __18.__ in the investigation say that the probe focuses on a sandstorm that was taking place when the ship ran aground and a two-minute gust of wind that likely threw the vessel off course.

Meanwhile, according to the Suez Canal Authority, not until investigations are complete and compensation is paid __19.__ Ever Given. They also say that they won’t rule out a lawsuit, but prefer to __20.__ the matter outside of court with reportedly one billion dollars in compensation.
16. (A) were obstructed (B) had been impeded  (C) would not be discontinued (D) would not have been disrupted
17. (A) have been retrieved (B) are being gathered (C) have been extracting (D) will be acquiring
18. (A) involve (B) involving (C) to involve (D) involved
19. (A) that they release (B) will they release (C) when they release (D) they will release
20. (A) settle (B) drawl (C) filter (D) pursue
 

三、閱讀測驗：每題 2 分，本大題共 10 分
(E)About 760,000 years ago a cataclysmic volcanic eruption in the Long Valley area of eastern California blew out 150 cubic miles—600 cubic kilometers of magma (molten rock) form a depth of about 4 miles beneath the earth’s surface. Rapid flows of glowing hot ash (pyroclastic flows) covered much of east-central California, and airborne ash fell as far east as Nebraska. The earth’s surface sankmore than 1 mile into the space vacated by the erupted magma, forming a large volcanic depression that geologists call a caldera.

Long Valley Caldera is part of a large volcanic system in eastern California that also includes the Mono-Inyo Craters chain. This chain extends from Mammoth Mountain at the southwest rim of the caldera northward 25 miles to Mono Lake. Eruptions along this chain began 400,000 years ago, and Mammoth Mountain was formed by a series of eruptions ending 58,000 years ago. (F) The volcanic system is still active—eruptions occurred in both the Inyo Craters and Mono Craters parts of the volcanic chain as recently as 600 years ago, and small eruptions occurred in Mono Lake sometime between the mid-1700s and mid-1800s.
 

(G)Although no volcanic eruptions are known to have occurred in eastern California since those in Mono Lake, earthquakes occurr frequently. These are caused by movement along faults and by the pressure of magma rising beneath the surface, two closely related geologic processes. In 1872, a  magnitude 7.4 earthquake centered 80 miles south of Long Valley was felt throughout most of California, and moderate(magnitude 5 to 6)earthquakes have shaken the Long Valley area since 1978.In 1978, a magnitude 5.4 earthquake struck 6 miles southeast of the caldera, heralding a period of geologic unrest in the Long Valley area that is still ongoing. (H) That temblor ended two decades of low quake activity in eastern California. The area has since experienced numerous swarms of earthquakes, especially in the southern part of the caldera and the adjacent Sierra Nevada.The most intense of these swarms began in May 1980 and included four strong magnitude 6 shocks, three on the same day. Following these shocks, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a reexamination of the Long Valley area, and they soon detected other evidence of unrest—a dome-like uplift within the caldera. Measurements showed that the center of the caldera had risen almost a foot since the summer of 1979—after decades of stability. This swelling, which by 2014 totaled more than 2.5 feet and affected more than 100 square miles, is caused by new magma rising beneath the caldera.

In response to this increased unrest, USGS intensified its monitoring in the Long Valley region. 
 

(I) Today, a state-of-the-art network of seismometers and geodetic equipment closely monitors earthquake activity and the swelling in the caldera. Data from these instruments help scientist to assess the volcanic hazard in the Long Valley are and to recognize early signs of possible eruptions.During the early 1990s, trees began dying at several places on Mammoth Mountain on the southwest edge of Long Valley Caldera. Studies conducted by USGS and U.S. Forest Service scientists showed that the trees are being killed by large amounts of carbon dioxide gas seeping up through the soil from magma deep beneath Mammoth Mountain. (J) Such emissions of volcanic gas, as well as earthquake swarms and ground swelling, commonly precede volcanic eruptions. When they precede an eruption of a “central vent” volcano, such as Mount St. Helens, Washington, they normally last only a few weeks or months. (K)However, symptoms of volcanic unrest may persist for decades or centuries at large calderas, such as Long Valley Caldera. Studies indicate that only about one in six such episodes of unrest at large calderas worldwide actually culminates in an eruption.

Over the past 4,000 years, small to moderate eruptions have occurred somewhere along the Mono-Inyo volcanic chain every few hundred years, and the possibility remains that the geologic unrest in the Long Valley area could take only weeks to escalate to an eruption. Nonetheless, geologists think that the chances of an eruption in the area in any given year are quite small.
 

21.What is the reason geologists have increased their monitoring of the Long Valley Caldera?
(A) It has been more than 150 years since the last eruption.
(B)Eruptions happen frequently in volcanic chains of such size.
(C)The area is experiencing geologic activity indicative of an impending eruption.
(D) The swelling of the caldera may damage the sensitive geodetic equipment.
 

22. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?
 (A) Sentence (F) (B) Sentence (H) 
 (C) Sentence (I) (D) Sentence (J) 
 

23. It can be inferred from the passage that Mammoth Mountain ______. 
 (A) erupted most recently around 600 years ago
 (B) is an active volcano that the USGS is monitoring for early signs of eruption
 (C) shows signs that the larger volcanic system to which it belongs is still active
 (D) was formed 760,000 years ago by pyroclastic flows from a volcanic eruption
 

24. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?
 (A) Sentence (E) (B) Sentence (F) 
 (C) Sentence (G) (D) Sentence (K) 
 

25. Which of the following situations is most analogous to the recent swelling of the Long Valley Caldera?
 (A) Many small tremors along a particular fault precede a large, magnitude 8 earthquake.
 (B) A scientist discovers a new species of insect by chance while observing snakes in the Amazon rainforest.
 (C) Bad road conditions cause a collision between two cars, and poor visibility contributes to a multi-car pile-up.
 (D) A doctor is unable to give a definitive diagnosis to a patient after assessing symptoms typical of a particular disease.
 

第二部分: 非選擇題
四、文意填空：每題 1 分，本大題共 10 分。說明：請標註題號並依順序作答。
第 26 題至 30 題為題組
Japanese professor, Yoji Kimura, believes laughter can end the world's wars and __26.__ laughter can be measured. And so, the expert on communications has invented a machine to chart out laughter and a new unit of "aH" to calculate it.
"We have found that children laugh more freely, releasing 10 aH per second, which is about twice the __27.__ of an adult," Kimura, a professor at Kansai University in the western city of Osaka, told AFP.
"Adults tend to evaluate __28.__ it's appropriate to laugh or not, and under those restraints, they eventually forget how," he said.
In his theory, human laughter is produced in four successive emotional stages - letting loose, then deviating from the norm, __29.__ by freely laughing and then having the laughter overflow.
"I believe there is a circuit in the human brain that creates laughter __30.__ these steps to the stage of overflowing," Kimura said confidently. "Understanding this mechanism is the door to resolving one secret of human beings."
 

第 31 題至 35 題為題組
Officials are calling the current drought Taiwan’s worst in more than half a century. It is __31.__ enormous challenges to the island’s semiconductor industry, for chip makers use lots of water to clean their factories and wafers. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC), a major chip maker in the world, is an increasingly indispensable node in the global supply chains for smartphones, cars and other keystones of modern life. As worldwide semiconductor supplies have already been strained by surging __32.__ for electronics, the added uncertainty about Taiwan’s water supply is not likely to ease concerns about the tech world’s __33.__ on the island and TSMC.
So far, TSMC, whose headquarter is located in Hsinchu Science Park, Taiwan, says the drought has not affected its production. But as Taiwan’s rainfall becomes no more predictable, the island is having to go to greater and greater __34.__ to keep the water flowing to its all-important semiconductor industry. In recent months, the government has been adopting a package of measures, __35.__ seeding the clouds above reservoirs, building a seawater desalination plant in Hsinchu, installing a pipeline connecting Hsinchu with the rainier north, reducing household water pressure, and beginning shutting off supplies for two days each week in some places.
 

五、出題實作（克漏字）：本大題共 20 分
Based on the following text, design a CLOZE test for mid-term exam to be used on first graders in National Tainan Second Senior High School. The CLOZE should be composed of an 
abridged or rewritten passage and TEN questions, with the correct answer of each question underlined. Your test design will be evaluated in terms of your understanding about (a). the principles of CLOZE test as demonstrated by College Entrance Examination Center, (b). the teaching objectives of this lesson and Long-teng textbook, and (c). the general linguistic competence of first-graders in NTSSH. 

“Ladies and gentlemen, this is your captain speaking. We’ve now reached an altitude of thirty thousand feet and will be serving breakfast soon. But I must warn you that it might taste a little different from what you’re used to. And...you probably won’t enjoy it as much as you do on the ground. Please remember that this isn’t our fault. Thanks, and enjoy your flight!”  Needless to say, you’ll never hear an announcement like this. However, research has shown that it’s not the airlines’ fault if in-flight food tastes a little “special.” For a start, believe it or not, your tongue doesn’t work the same up in the air. Because of the lower humidity and air pressure in the airplane cabin, your tongue is actually not as sensitive to different flavors as it usually is. Similarly, your nose, which normally helps you distinguish between different tastes more accurately, becomes so blocked that it doesn’t function well high in the sky. 

 You can’t just blame your tongue and your nose when the food on your plate doesn’t taste so great, because even your ears can affect how much you enjoy your meal. An airplane cabin can be quite a noisy place, and this often distracts passengers’ attention from what they’re eating. In fact, experiments have indicated that food doesn’t taste as sweet or salty under noisy conditions as it does in a quieter environment. Your cuisine in the clouds, therefore, might taste quite bland because of the noise of the airplane engines. 

 Of course, airlines have realized how our organs are affected during a flight and have come up with different solutions to the problem. British Airways, for instance, has tried providing passengers with a nasal spray to clear their stuffy, dry noses before meals. Most airlines, however, have just added more flavoring to the dishes that are served during flights to make them tastier. They’ve also introduced some savory ingredients to their in-flight recipes, such as tomatoes, mushrooms, and spinach, because of their rich flavor. In comparison with other foods, these remain yummy, regardless of the height of your tummy! 

 “We will soon be landing, ladies and gentlemen. Hope you’ve had a pleasant flight and enjoyed your in-flight meals. We look forward to serving you again soon. Safe travels!” 
(龍騰版第二冊第二課) 
 

六、出題實作（混合題）：本大題共 15 分
請依照 108 學年度實施之十二年國民基本教育「英語文課綱」, 根據下列文案出一份「混合題型」的題組，共出三小題，每題題目後必須附上答案。
 

Dear Supporter,
I am writing to invite you to join us for our Annual Fun Run which will be held this year on Sunday 18th August. The run starts from the school grounds and participants are able to choose to take part in a 2, 5 or 10 kilometer run.

Last year we raised a total of $15,450 which was donated to the children’s hospital and this year we expect to raise over $16,000. This year, we are raising money which will be used to develop the village recreational center.

To confirm your registration, email funrunsuccess@edu.com or telephone 01784 5337841. As soon as you are registered you simply start collecting your sponsors and come along on the day!

Further instructions are found below, please read them carefully.

Looking forward to seeing you on Sunday 18th August,

D. Jackson

Fun Run Coordinator

Thanks in advance for your support!

School Fun Run
START TIMES

10 Kilometer Run – 8am
5 Kilometer Run – 8.30am
2 Kilometer Run – 9am

ROUTE MAPS
Details are available on our website www.moorfieldsschool.com and will also be available on the day from school reception. All routes will be signposted and there will be marshals stationed along the routes providing cold drinks for runners. If you feel ill or need assistance at any time during the run, please let one of the marshals know and they will be able to help you.
 

WHAT TO WEAR
Shorts and tee-shirts should be fine; however, we recommend you bring a light raincoat in case of bad weather. Comfortable running shoes are a must! Please avoid wearing new trainers on the day to avoid foot problems.
 

PARKING
The school car park behind C-block (the language department) will be open on the day. Drive in through the main gates then turn right. Westhill Leisure Centre (across the road from the school) will also allow runners to park their cars there on the day.
 

WHAT HAPPENS AFTER THE RUN?
There will be a number of entertainers including face-painting and the school band. Food and drink stalls will be available. There will also be a prize-giving event for runners who finish 1st and 2nd in each of the runs and two cinema tickets are available for the best fancy dress if you are interested in running in a special costume!
 

We expect the whole day to finish at around 4p.m.
 

七、課程設計：本大題共 15 分
The 108 curriculum guideline has sparked debates, triggered criticism, and aroused optimism. Its “newness” is as exciting as it is daunting. One of the changes concerning English as a subject is that it will only be tested in the GSAT, meaning for the second half of grade 12, English is no longer an “exam subject.” Please draft a course plan for this semester, demonstrating how, in the last semester of your students’ high school career, you intend to make English relevant and a worthwhile subject to spend time on. 
Your plan should include items such as but not limited to: 
(1) goals, 
(2) pedagogical methods, 
(3) assessment.
 

八、申論題：本大題共 10 分
 As an English teacher in senior high school, you must be familiar with this situation: hardworking students coming to complain that they cannot memorize so many English words necessary for exams and that they always forget the new words even if they do their level best to memorize some of them. What is your philosophy or core value when it comes to teaching vocabulary? How would you coach students to enhance their vocabulary competence? To this purpose, what methods or what materials will you use in your class? Please offer a thesis statement and provide concrete examples to explain your principles in teaching vocabulary. Your answers will be evaluated in terms of your ideas as well as your English writing.

參考解答

國立嘉義高中 110 學年度第 1 次教師甄選—英文科試題

I. Vocabulary: (15%)
1. The _______ of her project was doubtful. Allocating such a huge budget is simply out of the question.
(A) accessibility (B) feasibility (C) reproduction (D) disintegration
 

2. Nearly all the tourists stood in awe of the ______ skyscraper built by the world-famous architect. 
(A) intrinsic (B) erratic (C) demanding (D) imposing
 

3. While her account seems ______, I believe she’s withholding the key evidence from the police.
(A) intangible (B) susceptible (C) plausible (D) inedible 
 

4. She ______ great pressure on the government official for her own political gains. 
(A) refuted (B) wallowed (C) exerted (D) incited
 

5. The decision hasn’t yet been finalized, but I was told the ______ location of our graduation trip is Chiayi for 
now. 
(A) prompt (B) obsolete (C) stark (D) tentative
 

6. This Japanese shrine is famous for its _______ against misfortune and bad luck.
(A) amulet (B) affidavit (C) dominion (D) decorum
 

7. To find the answer, we _______ his theories with repeated experiments and discussions. 
(A) abated (B) brawled (C) endowed (D) substantiated
 

8. The restaurant offers a(n) _______ buffet-style breakfast each morning and a wide choice of dishes at dinner.
(A) sumptuous (B) perspicacious (C) analogous (D) voracious
 

9. I asked the museum’s press representatives what steps were being undertaken to improve traffic flow and _______ the crowds, but they didn’t respond.
(A) ameliorate (B) amplify (C) amend (D) amortize
 

10. The woman then reportedly got into a car with a gunman and drove away, which suggested she was a(n) _______ to the murder.
(A) candor (B) accomplice (C) virtuosity (D) despot
 

11. Teresa had a transplant in 2020 and was just recovering from that _______ when she suffered a brain hemorrhage.
(A) ordinance (B) oracle (C) ordnance (D) ordeal
 

12. The _______ effort that went into the century-old patchwork quilt is hard to imagine. There are thousandsof tiny patches, each stitched patiently by hand.
(A) colloquial (B) emaciated (C) spurious (D) painstaking
 

13. In many divorces, each person _______ the other as being more to blame for the marriage’s breakdown.
(A) indoctrinates (B) indicts (C) incorporates (D) insulates
 

14. When the microphone broke during the performance, Phoebe did not lose her _______. She just smiled, calmly set the microphone aside, and continued her tune.
(A) premonition (B) composure (C) aberration (D) stupor
 

15. Long after the game, she was still _______ over her rival’s disappointment.
(A) glutting (B) grafting (C) gloating (D) grating
 

II. Discourse 30%
Passage 1:
Honking, tailgating and even being chased down by a car - every driver has encountered some form of road rage. One in five drivers in Australia admit to flying off the handle, while four out of five in the U.S. do, making road rage a fairly universal human experience.

With car ownership growing in many parts of Southeast Asia, the region is finding itself increasingly plagued by road rage. __1__ . Truth be told, tempers can flare easily on roads, especially after sitting in the notoriously congested traffic of Southeast Asian cities like Manila, Jakarta and Bangkok, just to name a few. __2__ . If you’re driving in busy Southeast Asia, road rage can be a problem. But there are a number of ways to lower its likelihood or avoid it altogether. __3___ . One of the main causes of road rage is tailgating. Many drivers have experienced another car riding on their tail, especially on the highway. Similarly, we may have tailgated someone else, whether intentionally or not, especially if we were rushing to get to an appointment or momentarily distracted. __4__ . 

One way to ensure you don’t become the cause of tailgate road rage is by keeping your distance from the car in front of you, which can be easier said than done on a busy highway when cars are constantly changing speeds. Our EyeSight Adaptive Cruise Control is particularly useful in helping to maintain a safe highway-cruising gap with the car in front. __5__ . It also ensures you don’t become what the U.S. National Safety Council terms as an “ignorant tailgater” on the highway.
 

(A) The accelerating pace of life also contributes to aggressive driving, says Jake Nelson, director of traffic safety advocacy and research for the American Automobile Association

(B) We can help calmer heads prevail by reducing triggers that lead to dangerous flare-ups on the road.

(C) Another benefit is you no longer have to keep your foot on the accelerator pedal, saving you from driver fatigue

(D) Bone-chilling examples have even been caught on camera, such as the motorcyclist fatally gunned down by a driver on a road in Manila, Philippines and the enraged motorist who emerged from his car wielding a machete in Johor, Malaysia

(E) Our One-Touch Lane-Changer makes signaling a breeze, so there’s little excuse for you not to signal your intentions, especially if you’re driving in Singapore, where failing to signal is a chargeable offence.

(F) Tailgating is more than aggressive bumper-to-bumper behavior — it is one of the leading causes for car crashes worldwide.
 

Passage 2:
There’s a strong prejudice in our society against romantic couples with a considerable age difference. __6___ . And when Emmanuel Macron was elected president of France, many eyebrows were raised as it came to light that his wife Brigitte was 24 years older than him. When the topic of age-gap relationships comes up, someone is bound to mention the “half your age plus seven” rule. According to this rule, you take the age of the older person, divide it in half, and then add 7 to determine the youngest age of a person that they can be romantically involved with.
__ 7___ . For instance, an 18-year-old high school senior can date a 16-year-old sophomore, but a 21-year-old college student should only date those 18 and older. But the rule also breaks down at older ages. George Clooney was 53 when he married the 36-year-old Amal, whose age is still above his lower limit of 34.Furthermore, the “half your age plus seven” rule doesn’t explain why people look down on May-December romances. __8___ . However, an article recently published by Azusa Pacific University psychologists Brian Collisson and Luciana Ponce de Leon provides our first insight into the reasons behind social prejudice against age-gap relationships.

Collisson and Ponce de Leon started with the hypothesis that people look down on age-gap romances because they perceive them as being unequal. __9__ .According to this view, the older partner couldn’t have attracted the younger partner on the basis of looks or personality alone, so they must have enticed them with money or other resources. __10__ But in modern egalitarian societies, the belief that people should marry for love—and love alone—is strong.
 

(A) Specifically, the prediction is that people will believe the older partner is getting more out of the relationship than the younger partner is.

(B) In fact, very little research has been conducted to date on this subject.

(C) There’s nothing scientific about this rule, but it does reflect the general consensus that age gaps are more important at younger than older ages.

(D) In traditional societies, it’s not at all unusual for younger women to marry older men who are politically powerful and economically secure.

(E) Tabloids were abuzz when actor George Clooney announced he was marrying Amal Alamuddin, who is 17 years his junior.

(F) Such relationships no doubt make irresistible fodder for office gossips or private jokes in social cliques or circles. 
 

Passage 3:
Parents often agonize over what to call their children. It can feel like a test of creativity or a way to express their own personalities through their offspring. But what many parents might not fully realize is that the choice they make over their children’s names could play a part in shaping how others see their child and ultimately the kind of person their child becomes.

At a basic level, our names can reveal details about our ethnicity or other aspects of our background, which in a world of social bias carries inevitable consequences. __11__ These consequences should not be taken lightly, but that’s not where the influence of names ends. Even within a single culture, names can have certain connotations in terms of their meaning, and can be seen as appealing or unfashionable and disliked. In turn, these features of our names inevitably affect how others treat us and how we feel about ourselves. __12 __This was most likely because disliking their name contributed to their lack of confidence.In terms of how names affect the ways we’re treated by others, consider a German study in which users of a dating site were asked whether they would like to follow up with potential dates on the basis of their names. __13__ New research also conducted in Germany found that participants were less likely to help out a stranger with a negatively rated name, like Cindy and Chantal, as compared with strangers with names rated positively, 
like Sophie and Marie.
Other recent work has similarly hinted at the harmful consequences of a having an unpopular or negativesounding name. The Institute of Psychology in Beijing cross-checked the names of hundreds of thousands of people with their risk of having been convicted of crimes. They found that even after controlling for the influence of background demographicfactors, people with names seen as less popular or having more negative connotations were more likely to have been involved in crime. You could see this tendency toward criminal behavior as a proxy for a person having low agreeability. __14__ 

While a less common name may be disadvantageous in the short-term, increasing the risk of rejection and lowering your likability, it could have advantages over the longer-term by engendering in you a greater sense of your personal uniqueness. A new study found that having a rarer name was associated with increased odds of having a more unusual career, such as film director or judge. Early in life, some people may derive a sense of unique identity from their relatively unique names. __15__ This appears to be somewhat reminiscent of socalled “nominative determinism” – the idea that the meaning of our names influences our life decisions. 

Names can have these consequences because they can affect how we feel about ourselves and how others treat us. Since a good or bad name has the potential to produce good or bad results, it is suggested that parents should try all ways to give their baby a good name in terms of their own culture.
 

(A) A study from the 2000s found that, even after controlling for family background and general dissatisfaction with life, people who didn’t like their own name tended to have poorer psychological adjustment.
(B) This sense fuels a distinctiveness motive that drives them to find an unusual career path that matches their identity.
(C) This is consistent with the notion that having a negative-sounding or unpopular name sets a person up for social rejection and an increased risk for developing a disagreeable personality.
(D) American research conducted in the wake of the 911 terror attacks found that the exact same resumes were less likely to attract interviews when attributed to a person with an Arabic-sounding name as compared with a white-sounding name.
(E) It is observed that people with names considered unfashionable, such as Kevin, were more likely to be rejected, as compared with people with more trendy names, such as Alexander.
 

III. Examination Questions Design 35%
1. Test-making (1): Please rewrite the following passage into a cloze test of about 150 words with five 
questions for 10th graders, and provide the answer to the questions. (20%)
 

Scientists from universities in the US and UK, who jointly analyzed data collated on a range of species, say they are "astounded" by the figure. They point out that it is about 50% higher than previous estimates. The wildlife trade - in the likes of horns, ivory and exotic pets - is the number one cause of animal extinction, tied only with land development. "The sheer diversity of species being traded is astounding - the risk that will grow is very worrying," said Prof David Edwards of the University of Sheffield, a co-researcher on the study.The study, published in Science, identified hotspots for traded birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles in regions within the Andes mountain range and Amazon rainforest, sub-Saharan Africa, South East Asia and Australia. The research also identified another 3,000 or so species that look set to be traded in the future, based on their similarities with animals currently bought and sold - for example if they have bright plumage or exotic horns. "If one species is traded, the chances are its evolutionary cousins are also traded," said Dr. Brett Scheffers of the University of Florida. "Once we discovered that pattern, we could develop a new model that would predict which species are likely to be traded in the future, even if they are not traded now." The scientists stress the need for proactive rather than reactive strategies, including a "watch list" of susceptible species, better detection of illegal imports, fighting corruption and engaging local people in conservation. Prof Edwards said: "Without urgent focus on how to stem both the supply and demand for wild-caught species, there is a real danger that we will lose many traded species."

Individuals can help by not taking any illegal animal products offered to them abroad, he said, and by checking any exotic pets they buy have not been captured illegally from the wild.
 

2. Test-making (2): Please write three reading comprehension questions based on the reading passage 
below for 12th graders and the answers provided. (15%)

The rich, multi-ethnic and multi-dimensional culture of Nepal is based on centuries-old traditions and social customs. Its diversities range of mountain communities and social strata are expressed in music, dance, folklore, language, and religion.

Nepal has two main religions, Hinduism and Buddhism, although many Nepalese practice a unique combination of both mixed with a degree of animism. The traditions of both go back over two millennia to the birth of the Buddha in Lumbini and the ancient Hindu rituals still strong today. Also treasured is the tradition of excellence in arts and crafts.

Visitors will need to observe native customs when visiting temples, such as respectful, conservative dress, removing shoes before entry and asking permission to enter a Hindu temple. Nepalis are friendly, although displays of affection in public are not appreciated. Superstitions rule and it brings bad luck to praise a baby’s appearance or walk on spilled rice. Red chilies hang everywhere, driving away evil spirits and bus drivers always say a prayer before departing.

The family is very important in Nepalese life, and is traditionally close-knit and loyal. Women are generally subservient to men and although highly honored as mothers, they have less access to education and political power. In rural areas, women work longer and harder than men, as they are expected to combine their household and child-raising chores with farming and taking care of the livestock.

An artistic and intellectual revival took place in the 1950s, sparking a flowering of literature and art focused on national pride and religious values. Nowadays, the traditional culture of Nepal is fostered in radio programs featuring folk music and, in rural areas, devotional music and songs, a strong part of village life.
 

IV. Essay Question 20%
With the implementation of the new 108 curriculum, what kind of role do you think the teachers should take on? (250 – 300 words

參考解答

感謝eleanorsun老師分享

110學年度高雄女中英文科試題

1. 改寫文章200-300字，

出5題克漏題給高二同學  25%

文章內容: http://gg.gg/p2psl

2. 出閱讀測驗，共5題，

其中2題用素養題型  25%

文章內容: http://gg.gg/p2q02

3. 寫一篇申請範文給學生參考,

為申請Interdisciplinary Program，

學生需用之前修過的選修課，

說明motivation, iconic class and output  25%

4. 依照下面文章，

使用Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)，

寫出18週的選修課，

包括課程名稱、教學目標、performance tasks, portfolio assessment  25%

臺北市 110 學年度市立普通型高級中等學校
正式教師聯合甄選
英文科

壹、選擇題：佔40分
I. Vocabulary (每題 2 分，共 16 分) 
 

1. A beach shack in this coastal town was transformed into a luxurious six-bedroom mansion with awe-inspiring clifftop views. 
(A) ramshackle (B) precocious (C) multifarious (D) lethargic 
 

2. We did not charge the man with being intemperate or acting . Instead, we sued him for lying and for obstructing our detailed investigation. 
(A) succulently (B) congruously (C) dauntlessly (D) boorishly 
 

3. During the pandemic period, the number of ______ in the real estate sector more than tripled last year. 
(A) serendipities (B) analects (C) restoratives (D) insolvencies 
 

4. Had the nutrition during ______ been poor, this might have resulted in long-term impairment of growth. 
(A) convalescence (B) encomium (C) interment (D) fortification 
 

5. He stood on the street corner, _______ passers-by about the stupidity of the forthcoming war. 
(A) burnishing (B) eulogizing (C) haranguing (D) forfeiting 
 

6. She has a few _______ ideas about what she might want to do in the future, but nothing definite. 
(A) nebulous (B) immutable (C) unassailable (D) bounteous 
 

7. International _______ has been heaped on the country following its attack on its neighboring countries. 
 (A) hermitage (B) opprobrium (C) nadir (D) pittance 
 

8. A California-based brand has developed a revolutionary new way to reap the benefits of apple cider vinegar while enjoying it at the same time. The new product has become a 
Worldwide Health Essential, and that’s why millions of people are ______ it.
(A) raving about (B) pertaining to (C) caviling at (D) fawning on 
 

II. Words in Context (每題 2 分，共 10 分) 
說明：第 9 題至第 13 題，每題一個空格，請依文意在文章後所提供的(A)到(AD) 選項
中分別選出最適當者，並將其英文字母代號劃記在答案卷之「選擇題答案區」。各題答
對者，得 2 分；答錯、未作答或劃記多於一個選項者，該題以零分計算。
 

Alexandra Park, a green expanse in the English coastal town of Hastings, is sprawling and lovely. It has wooded areas and several ponds, as well as two long, wide paths which 9 around gently sloping lawns, gardens, trees and even a miniature railway track. It has just about anything a parkgoer could want— __10__ lights, security cameras and other safety equipment. The park’s focus on urban wildlife means that the area is dark at night. But violent incidents can take place even during the day, as Kay Early knows all too well. 
In June 2020, she was walking her dog when a man started following her, then punched her repeatedly in the face. He didn’t take any of her possessions, as three passers-by managed to chase him off. But the attack has had severe __11__ for Early, a 33-year-old support worker for people with autism, who has been living with PTSD ever since. It didn’t help that, nine months after the attack, police told Early that her case was being dropped due to a lack of evidence. It could have progressed if there had been surveillance video in the park, the investigator said. This has led Early and her friend Claire Noble to petition for more safety measures in the park, including CCTV and lights. Similar campaigns have been __12___ elsewhere in England, such as efforts by the Sheffield group Our Bodies Our Streets to improve lighting in the city’s parks. Both the Sheffield and the Hastings campaigns predated the disappearance of Sarah Everard as she walked home in London. But Everard’s death, as well as __13__ of Bibaa Henry and Nicole Smallman, killed in a north London park in June 2020, have given extra urgency to discussion of women’s safety in public space.
(A) cropping up (B) repercussions (C) validity (D) those 
(E) except (AB) including (AC) weave (AD) scoured 
 

III. Discourse (每題 2 分，共 10 分) 
 Scottish writings have long been impacted by the notion of duality or the “divided self”: the national psyche as a kind of split personality. __14__. It is related to being this type of nation, and maintaining your identity while also submerging it in someone 
else’s.  __15__. You can see it reflected in works such as Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886), where an esteemed doctor, Jekyll, is transformed into an evil creature. In this novella, Jekyll is able to make this “duplicity” from a metaphor into a fact, splitting his self into two so that one part can indulge and the other repress. __16__. 

 G. Gregory Smith labelled the condition the “Caledonian antisyzygy” in 1919. __17__. It goes beyond politics and encompasses divisions such as those between Protestant andCatholic. RD Laing, the Scottish psychiatrist of the 1960s, turned the idea into a Scottish gift to the world: a global malady of alienation between the inner and outer 
selves. 

 Whatever the truth of this, there are fears that ill-feeling among Scots will never vanish. __18__. Back then, some Scottish parliament members were accused of being bribed into giving up their nationhood. Today, unionists accuse the so-called “cyber nats”—nationalists who use the internet to attack those who disagree with them—of reaching new levels of abuse. 

 Would any vote for independence heal the wound of Scotland’s divided self? Examining the depth of the enmities from the past to the present, I put a question mark on that. 

(A) This kind of confrontation can be traced back to the Acts of Union in 1707. 
(B) His term refers to the notion that a clash of extremes lies at the heart of the national mind. 
(C) This concept has a lot to do with Scotland being a nation that is not a “proper” nation.
(D) This duplicity can metaphorically represent the writer’s Scottish consciousness and English identity.
(E) The bitter division on display during the 2014 Scottish independence referendum campaign brought this notion freshly to mind. 
 

IV. Reading Comprehension (每題 2 分，共 4 分) 
How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. 
I love thee to the depth and breadth and height 
My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight 
For the ends of being and ideal grace. 
I love thee to the level of every day’s
Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light. 
I love thee freely, as men strive for right. 
I love thee purely, as they turn from praise. 
I love thee with the passion put to use 
In my old griefs, and with my childhood’s faith.
I love thee with a love I seemed to lose 
With my lost saints. I love thee with the breath, 
Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose, 
I shall but love thee better after death. 
(Elizabeth Barrett Browning, 1806 – 1861) 
 

19. The following is Daniel’s analysis of this love poem. 
“…1. This poem presents a true reflection of the intense love which the poet feels for her beloved. The speaker expresses her desire to count the ways she loves her lover. 2. She mentions five ways of loving, a lot for a sonnet.... 3.The repetition of “I love thee” accentuates the intensity of the speaker’s love…. 4. “Sun and candle-light” in line 6 symbolizes her character strengths and weaknesses…. 5. She is so deeply in love with her soulmate that he is as important as the basic necessities of life….”
Daniel made two errors in his analysis of this poem. If you were Daniel’s English teacher, 
which of the above two sentences would you revise for him？ 
(A) 1;3 (B) 2;4 (C) 3;5 (D) 4;5 
 

20. What follows is a reader’s critique of Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s poetic text.I think there is something about the fact that Elizabeth is writing so directly from her own life experience, which makes the poems feel so true, so real, and which for me in turn translates quite naturally into all of the different and intricate ways that I might love a person 
and/or be loved in return.

Sometimes I feel as if the word love is overused today—that it has perhaps become a cliché in our commercial world or is simply used too easily, too quickly. But I think thispoem restores my belief in love and shows me language to go above and beyond that four-letter word.

I would strongly recommend that we all need to be slowed right down by this great writer and in the process rediscover what love is and perhaps put better into words one of life’s greatest forces. I know there isn’t a single poem in this collection that I don’t feel personally connected to, simultaneously recognizing something familiar but now heightened or refined through the purification of Elizabeth’s words. I find myself coming back to her poem again and again after 20 years now!
What is this reader’s tone in his critique of Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s poem? 
(A) Gullible. 
(B) Vindictive. 
(C) Unassuming. 
(D) Laudatory. 
 

貳、 非選題：佔 60 分（共 3 題）
1. Please use GRASPS to design an English learning task or project for 11th grade students to work on and to be included in their academic portfolio. (20 分)GRASPS is an acronym for: 

 

2. Test Design: 
Please follow the instructions below to design three integrated reading tasks suitable for the new General Scholastic Ability Test (新型學測混合題型). (20 分)

(1) These integrated reading tasks can be designed to test a wide range of reading skills. These include understanding discourse, organizing ideas, analyzing logical arguments, making inferences, giving evidence, recognizing writers' opinions, attitudes and purpose, etc. 

(2) Please use at least three different kinds of question types for these integrated reading tasks, including multiple-choice, matching, ordering, fill-in-the-blank, table/chart/organizer completion, short-answer questions, true-false questions, and so on. 

 A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine suggests the coronavirus that causes the disease known as COVID-19 survives in the air for likely up to three hours, but it exponentially decreases in its strength during this period. The virus is not spread through the air; it is spread through contact with respiratory droplets from being in close contact with an infected person. In order for a mask to completely protect a person from exposure to respiratory droplets, it would need to be completely secure around a person’s face.Personal protective equipment, including N-95 masks, face shields and more elaborate respirators, helps healthcare workers with potential heavy exposure to the virus and the disease to avoid infection.

 Health officials thought it was best to reserve that equipment for healthcare workers and urged the general public to simply practice social distancing and hand washing to avoid exposure to the droplets.However, in response to data indicating that people can be infected with COVID-19 and not show symptoms, the Centers for Disease Control is now recommending people wear a cloth mask or face covering in public settings, including grocery stores. The goal is to wear face coverings to prevent people who are infected and don’t know it from spreading it unknowingly. A wide range of medical experts have also suggested any filter preventing exposure to droplets can be of some aid to those who wear masks.

 According to the CDC website, “Cloth face coverings fashioned from household items or made at home from common materials at low cost can be used as an additional, voluntary public health measure.” The cloth coverings being recommended are not surgical masks or N-95 respirators.
 

If you decide to wear a mask, the World Health Organization recommends taking the 
following steps：
1. Before putting on a mask, clean hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.

2. Cover your mouth and nose with the mask and make sure there are no gaps between your face and the mask.

3. Avoid touching the mask while using it; if you do, clean your hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.

4. Replace the mask with a new one as soon as it is damp and do not re-use single-use masks.

5. To remove a single-use mask: remove it from behind (do not touch the front of mask); discard it immediately in a closed bin. Clean your hands with alcohol-based hand sanitizer or soap and water. If it is a cloth mask, remove it, drop it in the washing machine and wash your hands using alcohol-based hand sanitizer or soap and water.
 

From Roy Parry’s “Why wear a mask and how to wear it properly to help fight COVID-19”

3. Many teachers now believe that new technologies play a very important role in second/foreign language education. Please first identify at least six different websites/Apps/software programs and then please explain clearly why you think these sites/Apps/programs can facilitate the development of various types of linguistic knowledge and skills: (1) vocabulary (2) grammar (3) listening (4) speaking (5) reading (6) writing. (20分

參考解答

教育部受託辦理110學年度
公立高級中等學校教師甄選
英文科 試題

第一部分：選擇題（每題1分，共40分）
Ⅰ. Vocabulary & Idioms
 1. After George Floyd’s incident, a black young man in suburban Minnesota was fatally shot by a police officer, sparking “Black Lives Matter” protests and further tensions over police violence across the United States of America. 
(A) recumbent (B) judicious (C) subsequent (D) frigid
 

2. Smiles communicate confidence and build trust between the speaker and the audience. But it doesn’t mean that the speaker should smile all the time. The focal point lies on that the facial expressions should with the message. 
(A) synchronize (B) gainsay (C) probate (D) jeopardize
 

3. According to Leo Tolstoy, “art” in our modern society has become so that not only has bad art come to be considered good, but even the very perception of what art really is has lost.
(A) germane (B) perverted (C) benevolent (D) rebarbative
 

 4. After the dinner, Don sat around and the new tax law enforced by the government; he was upset and let everyone know it.
(A) exemplified (B) propagated (C) condemned (D) proliferated
 

 5. The man was consistently and concise, choosing to speak with fewer words than his colleagues.
(A) laconic (B) obsolete (C) tenuous (D) verbose
 

 6. The CEO of the multinational enterprise is always even-tempered; all of his employees are often amazed by his in a quandary or pressure-filled situations.
(A) penitence (B) exquisiteness (C) equanimity (D) belligerence 
 

 7. Tomorrow’s meeting between the two leaders is expected to break a diplomatic _____ that has lasted for ten years.
(A) acolyte (B) divination (C) plebeian (D) stalemate
 

 8. These children were excited to watch _____, a number of smaller enclosed cabins seating two or four persons each, moving across the mountain.
(A) gondolas (B) grenades (C) jacuzzis (D) enigmas
 

 9. The Native Americans treated those European immigrants with every consideration and insisted upon their remaining in the camp until they had fully _____ from their hardships.
(A) estimated (B) recuperated (C) assimilated (D) tambourinated
 

10. Undergraduate students often ______ among various majors before deciding which degree to pursue.
(A) validate (B) vaporate (C) vacillate (D) venerate
 

 11. No answers could ______ the suffering of victims as encompassed by the poliovirus as she was in the acute stages of illness.
(A) mitigate (B) indict (C) adulterate (D) infiltrate
 

 12. In order to make his film about gangsters’ life more ______, the writer of the film tried to consult real gangsters. 
(A) nascent (B) plausible (C) precarious (D) transient
 

 13. Officials in South Korea have withdrawn recently published guidelines for pregnant women, following a public ______ for their use of outdated sexist stereotypes.
(A) hyperbole (B) censure (C) maverick (D) torpor
 

 14. At the beginning of 2020, billions of desert locusts crossed the borders from the Arabian Peninsula, ______ farmland and fields of crops and placing the food security of 32 million people in danger.
(A) disparaging (B) duping (C) ravaging (D) explicating
 

 15. Management and labor are learning to work _____, as has been evidenced by the sharp drop in strikes.
(A) per se (B) once in a blue moon (C) between Scylla and Charybdis (D) in tandem
 

Ⅱ. Cloze
It took two cases of covid-19 to plunge Perth, the capital of Western Australia, into lockdown on 
April 24th
. The state government announced a three-day “circuit-breaker” just as locals were gearing up for a long weekend. “We can’t take any chance,” declared the premier, Mark McGowan.Australian states keep ordering snap lockdowns because they are nervous about more 16 strains of covid-19. Some of the world’s strictest border controls have generally held the virus at bay. Most foreigners are barred from entering the country, and returning citizens must quarantine for two weeks in guarded hotels. When a case of the virus 17 , state premiers throw up defenses.A single infected quarantine guard closed Perth for five days in February. The state of Victoria, home to 6.7m Australians, went into a short lockdown after a cluster of 13 cases leaked from a hotel in Melbourne. Brisbane, capital of Queensland, has been shut down twice since January. And that is just this year.
 

  The latest breach in Perth started with a man who fell ill after his isolation had ended. He caught the virus in quarantine, from an infected traveler in another room, 18 fears about airborne transmission within hotels. State leaders are hollering for an even tougher system. Most quarantine hotels are in big cities, so one idea is to send travelers to better- 19 sites in quieter spots. Mr McGowan wants the federal government to use air bases or a detention center on Christmas Island, an Australian territory in the Indian Ocean. Queensland hopes to build a quarantine facility in the small city of Toowoomba. Victoria 20 a “village-style environment” outside Melbourne.Another suggestion is to clamp down even harder on travel. Border controls ban residents from leaving 21 outsiders from coming in. Aussies can escape only for a handful of reasons, such as a family funeral. Mr McGowan, however, thinks they are swanning off too easily. “If people want to go overseas to covid-infected countries in the middle of a pandemic, then why should they come home and risk the rest of us?” he asks.
 

  The federal government, 22 , is asking for a sense of proportion. The quarantine hotels are “99.99% effective,” says the prime minister, Scott Morrison. Half a million people have passed through 
them, notes the health minister, Gret Hunt. He calls it “one of, if not the, most successful systems in the world.”
 

  But voters back to fiercest isolationists. Mr McGowan declared Western Australia “an island within an island” when the pandemic started, and cut it off from the rest of the continent for most of last year. He is so popular that his opponent 23 a recent state election weeks before the first vote was cast. Annastacia Palaszczuk, a strict guardian of Queensland’s borders, won a third term in October.So when will Australia reopen to the rest of the world? The federal government has planned to  24 the adult population of 20m by October, but the roll-out is months behind schedule. Even when everyone is fully 25 , officials say that travelers may still need some form of quarantine. A poll in February found that 71% of Aussies want to keep the international border closed until the “public health crisis has passed.” On that basis, they will be cut off for some time.
 16. (A) slinky (B) contagious (C) feeble (D) ponderous
 17. (A) slips through (B) fades away (C) wades through (D) rattles away
 18. (A) rising (B) risen (C) raising (D) raised
 19. (A) redeemed (B) adorned (C) enthralled (D) ventilated
 20. (A) envisages (B) insinuates (C) solaces (D) obviates
 21. (A) as well as (B) in spite of (C) according to (D) owing to
 22. (A) once in a while (B) for its part (C) ex gratia (D) out of the blue
 23. (A) receded (B) preceded (C) conceded (D) ceded
 24. (A) terminate (B) precipitate (C) oscillate (D) vaccinate
 25. (A) sacked (B) toiled (C) gabbed (D) jabbed
 

Ⅲ. Blank-filling（請忽略大小寫）
(A) ceases to be (B) doctrine (C) however (D) emancipates
(E) advent (AB) ominous (AC) instant (AD) in other words
(AE) prevailing (BC) reference

The uniqueness of a work of art is inseparable from its being imbedded in the fabric of tradition. This tradition itself is thoroughly alive and extremely changeable. An ancient statue of Venus, for 
example, stood in a different traditional context with the Greeks, who made it an object of veneration, than with the clerics of the Middle Ages, who viewed it as an (26) idol. Both of them, (27) , were equally confronted with its uniqueness, that is, its aura. Originally the contextual integration of art in tradition found its expression in the cult. We know that the earliest art works originated in the service of aritual—first the magical, then the religious kind. It is significant that the existence of the work of art with (28) to its aura is never entirely separated from its ritual function. (29), the unique value of the “authentic” work of art has its basis in ritual, the location of its original use value. This ritualistic basis, however remote, is still recognizable as secularized ritual even in the most profane forms of the cult of beauty. The secular cult of beauty, developed during the Renaissance and (30) for three centuries, clearly showed that ritualistic basis in its decline and the first deep crisis which befell it. With the (31)of the first truly revolutionary means of reproduction, photography, simultaneously with the rise of socialism, art sensed the approaching crisis which has become evident a century later. At the time, art reacted with the (32) of l’art pour l’art, that is, with a theology of art. This gave rise to what might be called a negative theology in the form of the idea of “pure” art, which not only denied any social function of art but also any categorizing by subject matter.
 

An analysis of art in the age of mechanical reproduction must do justice to these relationships, for they lead us to an all-important insight: for the first time in world history, mechanical reproduction (33) the work of art from its parasitical dependence on ritual. To an ever greater degree the work of art reproduced becomes the work of art designed for reproducibility. From a photographic negative, for example, one can make any number of prints; to ask for the “authentic” print makes no sense. But the (34) the criterion of authenticity (35) applicable to artistic production, the total function of art is reversed. Instead of being based on ritual, it begins to be based on another practice—politics. 

 

Ⅳ. Discourse
  Like most of its Western counterparts, Taiwan’s long and arduous road to marriage equality begins at fundamental respect for human rights.(36) However, the bill faced massive opposition from members of both the Cabinet (or the Executive Yuan Council, formed by the ruling Democratic Progressive Party) and the Legislative Yuan (controlled by the Kuomintang-led, pan-Blue coalition).
 

  While efforts from the grassroots to the top levels have been made through the years, it was in 2016 when proponents saw victory inching closer. The general election resulted in a parliamentary majority for the Democratic Progressive Party — with most members now in favor of same-sex marriage.
 

(37)In June, a legislator and several civic groups urged the government to work harder toward achieving such equality in schools, at an event marking the 15th anniversary of a law that raises gender awareness among students and protects the rights of young people regardless of their gender identity or sexual orientation.
 

(38) Yeh Yung-Chih, whose body was found in a pool of blood, was bullied at school for being “effeminate.” Yeh’s death prompted Taiwan’s Ministry of Education to modify its Gender Equality Education Committee— literally “the committee of equality education of two sexes” — into the broader Gender Equity Education Committee to promote gender education beyond the two sexes.(39) It states that the “school shall provide a gender-fair learning environment, respect and give due consideration to students, faculty, and staff with a different gender, gender temperament, gender identity, and sexual orientation.”
 

  In 2006, the Kaohsiung branch of Taiwan’s High Court sentenced the school’s principal and two other officials to five months, four months and three months, respectively, in prison for “neglecting the degree of care required by their occupation.” (40)
 

  Since then, tributes to the fallen teenager have referred to him as the “Rose Boy,” in the representation of boys with feminine expressions. The results of the 2004 law have also been visible in the island’s education system, particularly with the establishment of unisex bathrooms that “foster respect and equality between the sexes.”
 

(A) By legalizing same-sex marriage, Taiwan may have become the most progressive place in Asia, but its struggle for gender equality persists.
 

(B) Then came the Gender Equity Education Act.
 

(C) In the same year, the Taiwan Gender Equity Education Association published a book in memory of Yeh, titled “Embracing the Rose Boy.”
 

(D) As early as 2003, its Executive Yuan proposed legislation granting marriages to same-sex couples under the Human Rights Basic Law.
 

(E) That law is the Gender Equity Education Act, passed in 2004 in response to the controversial death of a junior high school student three years earlier.
 

第二部分：綜合題（共60分）
I. Translation（每小題 10 分，共 20 分）
1.你曾聽說過「黃金法則」嗎？基本上，這個法則就是：想要其他人怎樣待你，就應該怎樣待人。在基督教、佛教和儒教等許多文化和宗教中，都能發現有些許差異的黃金法則。 但是，如果黃金法則是如此廣為流傳且眾所周知，那為什麼還是有些人對他人不友善呢？根據專家的說法，世上有一小部分的人其實很樂於傷害他人。這些人被稱為「虐待狂」，他們以惡劣待人為樂。有些虐待狂可能喜愛看恐怖電影，還喜歡旁觀或甚至與人打架。現今的虐待狂實例包括了喜歡欺負他人的校園霸凌者，以及喜愛在線上寫下惡意留言的網路酸民。
 

2.每年，臺灣使用十億個塑膠水瓶。那個令人震驚的統計數據激發了一位技術開發人員創建了一支應用程式，讓你在外移動時可輕鬆找到免費裝填水瓶的地方。在以往，臺灣許多咖啡館都免費提供水，即使是現在，如果你知道去哪裡找，有很多地方可以免費裝水。該應用程式提供使用者一個所有那些位置的地圖，以及他們需要知道的所有訊息，關於每個地點在哪裡及提供什麼。系統中甚至藏有一些彩蛋，使這個體驗既有趣又有益於地球。
 

II. Essay questions（20 分）
Struggle between finishing what you have to teach on schedule and creating more class activities to help students engage in learning is very common for high school English teachers in Taiwan. How would you make your choice? Is it possible to achieve both? How would you arrange your teaching plan to achieve both goals? (150-200 words)
《背面仍有試題》

Director of Earth Observation Programmes
Post based near Rome (Frascati, Italy) with frequent travel to ESA headquarters (Paris)
 

The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world.
 

The Director of Earth Observation Programmes, is responsible for the design and delivery of ESA’s Earth observation programmes, in line with the European Strategy for Space and with global partners. The Director is responsible for the implementation of all ESA activities in Earth observation (EO) and the preparation of new proposals in this area.
 

We are looking for candidates around the world, preferably with a technical or scientific higher education (from masters level). The ideal candidate will have in-depth experience in Earth Observation in an international context with partner organizations, anexcellent network of EO stakeholders and a deep understanding of the challenges and opportunities.
 

Key qualities are an innovative spirit and a strategically-oriented mind, a proven capacity to lead change and manage teams, excellent relationship management and negotiation skills and the ability to influence high-level decisions. An excellent knowledge of English or French is required.
 

ESA is an equal opportunity employer, committed to achieving diversity within the workforce and creating an inclusive working environment. For this purpose, we welcome applications from all qualified candidates irrespective of gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, beliefs, age, disability or other characteristics. Applications from women are encouraged.
 

The detailed job profile and requirements are available at esa.int/careers. Applications should be addressed, in the form of a cover letter, to the Head of the Human Resources Department and submitted at the e-mail address: director2021@esa.int by 30 May, 2021.

參考解答

11~25

CABCA  CDABC

ABBCD  BACDA

ABCDD

26.AB   27.C  28.BC   29.AD 30.AE 31.E 32.B  33.D 34.AC 35.A

36.D  37.A  38.E  39.B 40.C

教育部受託辦理111學年度
公立高級中等學校教師甄選
英文科 試題

單選

1. The thief had a _____ grin on his face. 
(A) hermetic (B) hoarse (C) horizontal (D) hideous 

 2. Amid a crisis, it is imperative for employees and entrepreneurs to use their resilience and _____ to come up with effective strategies to face challenges they are confronted with. 
(A) ingenuity (B) abstraction (C) conviction (D) literacy 

 3. Neurosurgeons have to be very in everything they do because even a tiny error cancause an irrevocable result. 
(A) indignant (B) complacent (C) skeptical (D) meticulous 

4. The police the suspect’s faces closely, trying to figure out who was lying and who was innocent. 
(A) undermined (B) aggravated (C) scrutinized (D) intimidated

 5. The general manager of the company refuted the of misdirected investment concerning the decline of sales performance in the first quarter. 
(A) allocation (B) persecution (C) allegation (D) succession 

 6. Belinda spent too much time on work to the of her marriage. Now, her husbanddecided to get divorced with her. 
(A) detriment (B) query (C) perception (D) sentiment 

 7. In spite of its potential danger, many people believe that nuclear energy is a cleaner and more  source of energy which will not be used up in a short time. 
(A) fastidious (B) synthetic (C) inexhaustible (D) lunatic 

 8. Before engaging in activities, the best way to reduce the risk of strained muscles and tendons is to warm up and stretch. 
(A)delicate (B) fragile (C) malicious (D) strenuous 

 9. The ______ convent was one of the most distinguished educational institutes in the Middle Ages. 
(A) distraught (B) delectable (C) dilapidated (D) degradable 

10. Getting vaccinated is a ______ measure that makes people less likely to catch a disease. 
(A) prophylactic (B) subservient (C) nefarious (D) puerile 

 11. The poor mother was caught in the middle like a doll fought over by two ______ children, each tugging on an arm until the seams threatened to split. 
(A) obsequious (B) recalcitrant (C) exquisite (D) ulterior 

 12. It is a well-known marine biological phenomenon that clownfish live in ______ with sea anemones. 
(A) symbiosis (B) prosthesis (C) thrombosis (D) hypothesis 

13. The manager was found guilty of ______ safety regulations, which had caused the death of one worker in the factory. 
(A) supplanting (B) profligating (C) contravening (D) imbibing 

 14. The police have collected enough sold evidence for a grand jury to ______ the minister for fraud and embezzlement. 
(A) indict (B) deduce (C) compensate (D) reinforce 

 15. Facing the war with Russia, the Ukrainian government ______ male adults from leaving Ukraine to other countries. 
(A)foreclosed (B) intercepted (C) enjoined (D) loitered 

Ⅱ. Cloze
Research on teaching and learning in TESOL has incorporated student 16 and student voices in a variety of ways. However, it is relatively 17 to see studies that survey students after they have exited a language program and can reflect on what they have gained from completing it. Some years ago, Christison and Krahnke (1986) argued that curriculum design in ESL programs for 18 preparation has, in general, failed to use the experience of students themselves as a basis for planning and decision making. Such 19 from students is important for two reasons.First, student satisfaction can be a 20 data point, along with statistical data (such as GPAs) and performance data (such as portfolios of student writing), to inform program assessment for outside evaluators. Second, if student feedback is finely tuned to 21 opinions about specific elements of the program or curriculum, administrators and teachers can potentially use it to improve their practices. The survey described in this article was sent to university second language (L2) students who had completed a required English for Academic Purposes (EAP) program for first-year multilingual students one to three years earlier. Its director (the author) was interested in students’ feedback on the program to 22 ways in which the program could continue to improve. In this article, I describe the program, the survey 23 (N = 355), and changes and discussions that are under way as a result of the findings. 24 the details of the curriculum, the survey, and the consequent changes are specific to this particular program, the process of review and 25 that we pursued (and continue to pursue) can be applicable to many different language, writing, or EAP programs that wish to strategically incorporate student perspectives in their own self-evaluations. 

 16. (A) discoveries (B) opinions (C) demands (D) wants 
 17. (A) capable (B) light (C) rare (D) bad 
 18. (A) friendly (B) academic (C) surprising (D) treating 
 19. (A) input (B) output (C) memory (D) feedback 
 20. (A) real (B) possible (C) valuable (D) sensitive 
 21. (A) represent (B) elicit (C) freeze (D) involve 
 22. (A) erase (B) pinpoint (C) erect (D) deactivate 
 23. (A) memories (B) goals (C) responses (D) possibilities 
 24. (A) Though (B) Furthermore (C) Therefore (D) Besides 
 25. (A) methods (B) studies (C) research (D) evaluation 

Ⅲ. Blank-filling
In recent years, a growing number of museums are using apps, QR codes, touch screens, virtual and augmented reality, and many other interactive technologies. It is undeniable that technology has 26CD visitor experiences and museum ecosystem, from providing immersive digital engagements, improving way-finding, to 27C museum operations. 

Technology can act as a useful conversation starter and marketing tool in the right hands. Sometimes, an attention-grabbing gimmick encourages people to experience the depths of what a museum has to offer. In the exhibition Story of the Forest, flora and fauna drawings are animated and blended into an artificially created environment, creating a mesmerizing virtual 28AB for visitors to pass through. Visitors could also see the animated creatures leaping among the illuminatedtrees with a smartphone app. Another exhibition Mona Lisa: Beyond the Glass in the Louvre in October 2019 was created as part of a 29A commemoration of the 500th anniversary of Leonardo da Vinci. Through seven minutes of virtual reality, visitors to Louvre can experience moving images, sounds and interacting with Da Vinci and even experience riding on his flying machine. 

AR/VR is also being harnessed to create entire virtual museums. Examples include Museum ofPlastic 2121 on the virtual platform Curators and the virtual online museum VOMA. While it is a convenient 30AC to physical museums, the virtual artifacts differ aesthetically from the actual ones. To look more realistic on screens, brightness and colors of physical artifacts are altered. To be viewed from 360 degree, interactive images are flipped and rotated. Thus, the same image may appear grainy, fuzzy, or 31D on virtual exhibition. Despite so, virtual museums open the doors to a new breed of museum curator and social interaction with virtual users from the globe. 

 Another latest trend in museum exhibition is personalization. In the Broad DNAtrium Museum, with the “lab cards” that utilize RFID badges, visitors can participate in the scientific discoveries that led to the advancements in understanding 32BD and genetics. Such a personal link deepens the visitor’s understanding and connects them at a more 33B level with the narrative content. 

Sometimes, the use of technology in a museum is less about being innovative and more about being 34AD . A couple of years ago, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York made the decision to digitalize over 380,000 images from its collection. Today people around the world can explore many of the museum’s most famous pieces from the comfort of their own home. Not only does this create a sense of goodwill with the museum, but it also helps it reach a much wider audience. 

Like any tool, technology is only as effective as its 35BC . By using technology smartly, museums can increase focus and interest on their collections. Chief Information Officer at the Cleveland Museum of Art, Jane Alexander, said it best, commenting: “The best use of digital is not to make you aware of the technology, but to make you aware of the art.” 
(A)retrospective (B)resonant (C)streamlining (D)distorted (AB) biosphere 
(AC) alternative (AD) accessible (BC) implementation (BD) inheritance (CD) cemented 
   

Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension
      Since Russia launched a full-scale military invasion into Ukraine on February 24, 2022, fighting has caused many civilian deaths and pushed Ukrainians to flee to neighboring countries—the majority of whom have arrived in Poland, a NATO country where U.S. troops are preparing to offer assistance to refugees. 

In December 2021, Russia’s foreign ministry issued a set of demands calling for the United States and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to cease any military activity in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, to commit against further NATO expansion toward Russia, and to prevent Ukraine from joining NATO in the future. The United States and other NATO allies rejected these demands. In early February 2022, U.S. President JoeBiden ordered around 3,000 U.S. troops be deployed to Poland and Romania to counter Russian troops. Negotiations between the United States, Russia, and European powers—including France and Germany—did not result in a resolution. 

In late February 2022, Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered troops to Luhansk and Donetsk, separatist regions in Eastern Ukraine, claiming the troops served a “peacekeeping” function. On February 24, Putin announced the beginning of a full-scale land, sea, and air invasion of Ukraine. Biden has since issued severe sanctions, in coordination with European allies, targeting four of Russia’s largest banks, its oil and gas industry, and U.S. technology exports to the country. 

In an emergency United Nations session, 141 of 193 member states voted to condemn Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and demanded that Russia immediately cease its use of force in Ukraine. The United States has banned U.S. imports of Russian oil and natural gas. The U.S., following Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s address to Congress, announced an additional $800 million in military assistance. Biden also ordered 7,000 U.S. troops to move to Germany. Direct negotiations between Russia and Ukraine have continued. Meanwhile, Ukrainian military assets, urban residential areas, communication and transportation infrastructure, and hospitals have sustained shelling and bombing attacks. Civilians have been facing a humanitarian crisis with acute shortages of food, water, and heat. 

Background 

Armed conflict in eastern Ukraine erupted in early 2014. The previous year, protests against Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych’s decision to reject a deal for greater economic integration with the European Union (EU) were met with a violent crackdown. The protests widened, escalating the conflict. 

In March 2014, Russian troops took control of Ukraine’s Crimea region. Vladimir Putin cited the need to protect the rights of Russian citizens, and then formally annexed the peninsula after Crimeans voted to join the Russian Federation in a disputed local referendum. Two months later, pro-Russian separatists in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of eastern Ukraine held a referendum to declare independence from Ukraine. Armed conflict in the region quickly broke out between Russian-backed forces and the Ukrainian military. 

 36. According to the report, which of the following is NOT a reason for Russia’s invasion into Ukraine? 
(A) The conflict between the forces supported by Russia and Ukrainian military in eastern Ukraine. 
(B) Russia’s unwillingness about Ukraine’s possibility of participating in NATO. 
(C) The U.S.’s and NATO’s military activity in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. 
(D) Poland’s humanitarian assistance to a great number of Ukrainian refugees. 

 37. What does the word annex in the seventh paragraph mean? 
(A) Take part in. (B) Take possession of. 
(C) Sign a contract with. (D) Offer assistance to. 

 38. According to the information provided above, which of the following is FALSE? 
(A) Totally, the U.S. has sent 10,000 troops to the neighboring countries of Ukraine. 
(B) Since 2021, the U.S. has spent more than one billion dollars on helping Ukraine. 
(C) The conflict between Russia and Ukraine has something to do with the territory. 
(D) The Russia-Ukraine war has a negative impact on U.S. interests in Eastern Europe. 

39. What can we infer from the report? 
(A) With the help from the U.S. and other European countries, Ukraine has a good chance of winning the war. 
(B) France and Germany tried to help make peace for Russia and Ukraine after the war broke out, but in vain. 
(C) Luhansk and Donetsk are more willing to join the Russian Federation instead of stayingin Ukraine. 
(D) Vladimir Putin deployed soldiers to Ukraine to carry out the mission of keeping peace.

 40. Which of the following measure is NOT employed to exert pressure on Russia? 
(A) The United Nation issued an announcement to criticize Russia’s military action toward  Ukraine. 
(B) A referendum is held to declare that Ukrainians do not want to join the Russia Federation. 
(C) Some of the economic activities between Russia and the U.S. are restricted, or even banned. 
(D) Certain European countries, working together with the U.S., have imposed sanctions against Russia.

第二部分：綜合題（共60分）
Ⅰ. Translation (每小題10分，共20分)

1. Hydrogen’s potential as a fuel source has been touted for decades, but the technology has never gotten off the ground on a sizeable scale—and with good reason, according to sceptics. They argue that widespread adoption of green hydrogen technologies had faced serious obstacles, most notably that hydrogen fuels need renewable energy in order to be green. This will require a massive expansion of renewable generation to power the electrolysis plants that split water into hydrogen and oxygen. In contrast, at present the most common way to produce hydrogen remains natural gas reforming, which as its name suggests requires a fossil-fuel input in the form of natural gas, which is reacted with steam to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Because CO2 is emitted in this traditional manufacture of hydrogen from methane, it’s not climate friendly; hydrogen produced this way is known as “grey hydrogen”. (英翻中) 

2. 少頃，月亮映於水中，而蟲聲四起，我們在籬邊放一張竹榻。老婦人告知我們酒已溫好、茶飯已備，我們便坐下來，在飯前對月小酌幾杯。沐浴罷，我們放上涼鞋，手執蕉扇，或坐或臥，聽鄰居講因果報應的傳說。大約午夜時分回屋睡覺，只覺通體清涼，幾乎忘了自己居住於城市之中。
我們請鄰老 沿籬笆種了許多菊花。九月花開後，我和芸在那裡又住了十日。我母親也欣然過來觀賞。我們在菊花間吃著螃蟹，一起消磨了一整天。 
芸 很癡心於這一切，對我說：「幾時我們也在這裡蓋幾間屋舍，屋舍周圍買十畝地，請僕人在地裡種上蔬菜瓜果，以供日常三餐用度。你作畫我刺繡，足以備詩酒會友之需。如此，穿簡樸衣著，吃簡單餐飯，便可相與快樂終身，不用去任何地方了。」我深以為然。如今那地方還在，而我的知己卻已經亡故了。可嘆生事難料！(中翻英) 

註解： 
1.鄰老：園丁。 
2.芸：作者妻子

Ⅱ. Essay Question (20 分) 
In the past, being a teacher was a career which people showed quite some respect to. Nevertheless, nowadays, some teachers jokingly define themselves as a member in the service industry. Some even depressingly call themselves entertainers who have to tell jokes or play some tricks irrelevant to the subject in class to prevent students from feeling dull. How do you define yourself in the role of being a teacher? How do you transmit knowledge to students without boring them, and in the meantime, maintain a positive relationship with students? 

Ⅲ. 學習單與素養命題(請以英文作答，20 分) 
A. 請根據以下英文文本，設計一份 4 個題目的學習單。其中 3 個問題引導學生理解文本內容，1 個問題引導學生思考文本與自身經驗或社會環境的關聯性。(10 分) 

B. 請根據以下英文文本，出 3 題符合素養導向佈題原則的題目（請參考下方資訊），其中 1 題
為選擇題型式，2 題為簡答題型式，並請附上各題參考答案。(10 分) 
以下摘錄自國家教育研究員電子報 第 166 期 2017-12 

素養導向評量 【測驗及評量研究中心主任 任宗浩】
佈題強調真實的情境與真實的問題：不同於以往的紙筆測驗多著墨於知識和理解層次的評量，素養導向則較強調應用核心知識與技能以解決真實情境脈絡中的問題。除了真實脈絡之外，素養導向之問題應盡可能接近真實世界（包含日常生活情境或是學術探究情境）中會問的問題。


Forever Changed 
by JoLynn Shopteese 
 Every morning when I wake up, I peel back the blankets that keep my body warmth hostage and look around my room. I see cherished family photos, my favorite mahogany dresser and of course my love beads that hang from the windows. I can’t imagine my life without a loving family surrounding me or a roof shielding me from the night. 

 This past July, I went on a mission trip to Monterrey, Mexico, with my youth group. I sat on a bus for two days, not knowing what to expect. My friends on the bus described all the bugs that had infested the orphanages we were to work at for the next week. They told me how dirty everything would be and how dangerous the streets were. Secretly, I was hoping the bus would turn around somehow. But it did not. The first night we arrived, a man said, “We have come here to change Mexico, but instead, Mexico will change us.” 

 Each morning during the hour-and-a-half bus ride to the orphanage, I would think of how little I had slept the night before, how tired I was, and how there was no air conditioning on the bus. But, as soon as the orphanage came into view, all those feelings melted away. The children would run up to the gate, scream, and jump up and down because we had finally arrived. The first day I walked cautiously inside the metal gates. I saw one girl with a huge smile on her face. When I walked over to her, she gave me a hug. I looked around at all the other children. All were smiling. All were laughing. They were not upset, nor complaining about their lives and living conditions. 

 I met a little girl at the orphanage named Erica. She had short black hair and a big scar beneath her nose. I picked her up and swung her around. She squealed with laughter. Every day when we arrived, she always ran up to me, gave me a hug and kissed my cheeks. I began looking forward to this. 

 The whole time, I was thinking, who would give such a wonderful child up? I saw other children in the orphanage. They did not fight over the toys we brought them. Instead, they shared them because they wanted everyone to experience the joy of the new toys. 

 On the last day, the kids were singing songs to us. Rose, the lady in charge, told us that one of the children wanted to share her story with us. To my amazement, Erica went up to speak. She smiled at me and began her story: “I’m so happy to be here in the orphanage.” Happy, I thought. Who would be happy to be in an orphanage? “When I was in my house,” she continued, “my parents used to beat me. They threw me against the wall and hurt me.” 

 When she was done, I ran over to tell her how proud I was of her. I looked down and saw the scar near her nose. Now I knew how she got it. 

 The day we left is a day I’ll never forget. Everyone was crying. I held Erica for fifteen minutes, too scared to put her down. I kissed her scar, hoping, once more, to erase her memories. I told her I loved her. She stopped crying and smiled. When our time with the children was done, they waved once again through the gates. This time it was good-bye. 

 When I came home, I looked in my room while unpacking. I looked at all my clothes hanging in my closet on multicolored hangers. The visions of Erica’s closet with two shirts in it flashed before my eyes. She tried to give me one of her stuffed animals in return for my friendship. I told her I did not need one. She said she didn’t either because she had two. Erica is only seven. It will take me a long time to learn what she already knows. 
~ Adopted from Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul III: More Stories of Life, Love and Learnin

參考解答

1~10  DADCC ACDCA 

11~20  BACAC BCBDC

21~25  BBCAD 

26.CD  27. C 28.AB  29. A  30.AC  31.D  32.BD  33.B  34.AD  35.BC  

36~40  DBACB 

高雄市 111 學年度市立高級中等學校聯合教師甄選 
歷史科試題卷 
【※答案一律寫在答案本上】 

一、 探究與實作課程，教師扮演的角色是引導學生產生問題意識，有了問題意識之後往下探究，經由歷史資料的閱讀、分析與整理，逐步形成一個歷史類作品。請你選擇一個主題並依循這個主題進行「引導學生產生探究問題意識」的課程設計，內容必須包含：(25%)
1. 主題說明(請具體說明你所設定的主題內容及所引發探究的問題)
2. 教學活動設計
3. 教學時間(節數)的規劃

二、 歷史上不同時期因人群的移動所帶來的文化交流與相互影響的事例非常多，請你就 15 世紀以後中國與西方歷史上的人群移動，各舉一個例子說明其人群移動的原因及所帶來的文化交流與相互影響。(20%)

三、 人類利用自然，同時亦不免濫用自然，中國自不例外。某朝御史上奏：「棚民開山種植，病農藏奸」、「浙江水災，多由棚民開山，水道淤阻所致」；浙江巡撫常大淳奏言：「棚民開山過多，以致沙淤土壅，有礙水道、田廬，亟應查禁。」

請針對上文資料，設計一個適合高中生程度的題組（2 題），並附上答案及詳解。題型可以是單選題、多重選擇題或非選擇題。(15%)
 

四、 名詞解釋 (20%，共 4 題，每題 5 分)
 1、七腳川事件
2、蒲安臣條約
3、西班牙大流感
4、二重證據法
 

五、單選題 (20%，共 10 題，每題 2 分)

1、歷史老師要以新臺幣二十元硬幣之雙面圖像，分別介紹臺灣原住民族的重要人物與文化特色。試問若要搭配地理老師做合科教學，這枚硬幣還可以瞭解下列何地的人文風貌？

(A)臺中市和平區、新竹縣五峰鄉 (B)南投縣仁愛鄉、臺東縣蘭嶼鄉 (C)南投縣信義鄉、臺東縣卑南鄉 (D)南投縣魚池鄉、花蓮縣秀林鄉。

2、□□是戒嚴時期一場大規模的示威活動，因為吳泰安匪諜叛亂案，前縣長父子「知匪不報」、「為匪宣傳」，被求處有期徒刑八年，引發當時社會不滿與黨外人士反彈，終於導致來年更大一場的群眾示威運動。試問□□應為何者？

(A)治警事件 (B)中壢事件 (C)橋頭事件 (D)美麗島事件。

3、這是一封書信內容：「我率軍征戰向來無往不利，仔細想想你的實力與我相比如何？滿洲人勢力龐大，其盾刀與弓箭的精良程度與我的部隊不相上下，聽到我的名字還是不禁顫抖。閣下只有少少幾人，竟然還想與我相抗！？你仰賴你的船隻，但你也見到我將這些船隻放火焚毀。在北線尾沙洲上抗拒我的部隊已全數遭到殲滅，沒有一人生還。你們在水上與陸上都打了敗仗，現在只剩下這座小小的堡壘，有如枯木無法久立。」試問寄件人與收件人可能為何？

(A)國姓爺寫給貓難實叮 (B)李如松寫給小西行長 (C)郭懷一寫給費爾勃格 (D)荷屬東印度公司長官寫給西班牙聖薩爾瓦多城守軍。

4、他是一位傑出的領導者，教給孫中山列寧式的途徑去實現他的夢想。他按布爾什維克的模式改組了國民黨，策畫了 1924 年在廣州舉行的國民黨第一次代表大會，莫斯科的金錢、軍火源源而至，他還幫孫中山開辦了一間軍校。這個「他」所指何人？

(A)陳炯明 (B)蔣介石 (C)廖仲愷 (D)鮑羅廷。

5、「吾起兵至今八歲矣，身七十餘戰，所當者破，所擊者服，未嘗敗北，遂霸有天下。然今卒困於此，此天之亡我，非戰之罪也。今日固決死，願為諸君快戰，必三勝之，為諸君潰圍、斬將、刈旗，令諸君知天亡我，非戰之罪也。」老師上課時，引用上述史料，準備與國文老師展開合科教學。試問國文老師要準備的課文可能為何？

(A)燭之武退秦師 (B)赤壁賦 (C)出師表 (D)鴻門宴。

6、「州城周圍可二十里，有五門，門各兩重。惟東向開二門，餘向皆一門。城之外皆巨濠，濠之外皆通衢大橋。橋之兩傍共有石神五十四枚，如石將軍之狀，甚巨而獰，五門皆相似。橋之闌皆石為之，鑿為蛇形，蛇皆九頭。五十四神皆以手拔蛇，有不容其走逸之勢。城門之上有大石佛頭五，面向四方。中置其一，飾之以金。門之兩旁，鑿石為象形。」上段文字應該出自於何本著作？

(A)《三國史記》之〈高句麗本紀〉 (B)周達觀著《真臘風土記》 (C)鄭秉哲等編纂《球陽記事》 (D)蔡廷蘭著《南海雜著》。

7、當年俾斯麥的鐵血演說節錄如下：「我們並不想使日耳曼問題變得更複雜，不過，這看起來是不得不然了。日耳曼人所期望普魯士的，並非自由主義，而是它的實力。日耳曼南方各邦對自由主義似乎非常眷戀，但普魯士絕不助長其勢。普魯士必須整軍備武，以待來日之大用，不能再蹉跎下去。自維也納會議以來，我們的國界不得合理的處置，甚有害於國家安全。高談闊論或所謂多數決議都不能解決問題－事實上，這正是 1848 年的錯誤所在。」試問這位鐵血宰相的言論中，所謂 1848 年的錯誤為何？

(A)以小德意志方案為統一後領土範圍 (B)奧地利首相梅特涅辭職後逃亡到英國 (C)德意志地區與丹麥間爆發的軍事衝突 (D)法蘭克福議會獻上王冠給普魯士國王。

8、「每分鐘呼出的是空氣，剩下來的是理性。要這樣想，你是個老年人了，不要再做奴隸，不要再做被各種私慾所牽扯的傀儡。」、「如果自己不管別人心靈裡的事，很難不快樂；但是若不密切注意自己心靈的活動，那必定不會快樂。」上述兩段論述出自相同的哲學思維，試問這樣的哲學論述可能出於何著作當中？

(A)荷馬，《伊里亞德》Iliad (B)奧理略，《沉思錄》Meditations(C)摩爾，《烏托邦》Utopia (D)孟德斯鳩，《法的精神》The Spirit of Law。

9、「永久性的定居吸引了蚊蟲與其它吸血類昆蟲，蚊蟲滋生地多為業經砍伐的森林與鄰近居住地的污水坑」、「儘管有造成疾病的隱憂，但是人類的生育能力卻讓日益惡化的鄉村成為大量新增人口的家園」、「各種鼠類都學會了從人類居所尋得庇護，享用人類周遭的溫暖環境，食用與人類相同的食物。」上述三段文字所共同論述的的主題可能為何？

(A)農業發展與公共衛生 (B)城邦形成的代價 (C)宗教與疾病的關連 (D)中古歐洲的社會。

10、新課綱當中，針對高中歷史第二冊條目「戶籍、土地或賦役與國家統治的關係」，其說明提到「討論傳統國家如何統治人民的技術，不必繁言縷述制度的沿革或細節」。試問不再談論制度變革細節的原因可能為何？

(A)比較過去與現在的異同即可，重點在追溯其關聯性 (B)要以多元觀點探究歷史事件，不應有優劣評論 (C)連結本土歷史經驗為重，發展全球化視野 (D)對具有價值立場的公共議題，進行歷史性的分析討論

參考答案

五、單選題 1～5：BCADD 6～10：BDBAA

高雄市 111 學年度市立高級中等學校聯合教師甄選 
英文科試題卷 
【※答案一律寫在答案本上】 
 
I. Vocabulary（10％，1% for each） 
1. Ever since he was a child, Terence has been fascinated with the _____ motion of the stars in the sky and thus is determined to become an astronomer.
(A) subsequent (B) eternal (C) embedded (D) dogmatic

2. Emily always looks so ____ that it seems nothing can get her irritated. 
(A) serene (B) blustery (C) insolent (D) supernumerary

3. James Joyce’s novels are so difficult that only _____ readers can really understand them.
(A) imprudent (B) arbitrary (C) ambiguous (D) sophisticated

4. Sean Parker, the Silicon Valley entrepreneur, is launching a new ____ , called the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy with his philanthropic foundation to develop cures for cancer.
(A) tariff (B) consensus (C) initiative (D) franchise

5. The documentary film has ____ many people’s conscience, and they decide to do their best to fight against bullying. 
(A) thrilled (B) conceded (C) conceived (D) awakened

6. With a stranger tailing her and even trying to _____ into her house, Sophie decided to take action to protect herself from further harm. 
(A) bewilder (B) tranquilize (C) intrude (D) subordinate

7. Frankenstein by Mary Shelley has generated plentiful of cinematic offshoots aimed mainly at mass-market audiences, but actually, the novel is highly literary and _____, the work of a very erudite young writer.
(A) melodramatic (B) allusive (C) arcane (D) bizarre 

8. In the recent research program, new varieties of apple trees are evaluated under different agricultural conditions for tree size, bloom density, fruit size, ______ to various soils, and resistance to pests and disease.
(A) proximity (B) conformity (C) adaptability (D) susceptibility

9. This shopping mall was filled with loud, rude, and _____ customers, which was not suitable for those who quested for a pleasant shopping trip.
(A) grueling (B) morphouso (C) nascenta (D) obnoxious

10. Last weekend, Olive ________ several shops of exquisite taste to find the perfect gift for her sister’s upcoming birthday.
(A) scoured (B) confounded (C) imploded (D) foraged
 

II. Translation (15%) 
 我必須像個放逐的人，過一種近乎獨處的生活，我與社會的接觸僅限於滿足一些完全是最基本的需要。我一旦接近其他人，就有一種強烈的恐懼感。我深恐陷入一種危險，即人們可能發覺我的處境。最近我住在鄉下的半年，就是這種狀態。當我身邊站著的人，聽到遠處長笛吹奏的樂聲，我卻甚麼也聽不見。這對我是多大的羞辱啊。 —貝多芬

III. After reading the following article, please rewrite it into a 250~300 word passage, and design 5 multiple choice cloze questions for 12th graders. Answers to each question must be provided. (25%)

Climate action, at the individual level, involves changing habits and routines by making choices that have less harmful effects on the environment. But thinking about how to combat climate change can be overwhelming. “How can I influence system-wide changes or influence big businesses?” you may ask yourself. One important industry where we can make an impact is fashion.

In the past, the only conscious decision we made when choosing clothes was a sartorial one: Were our clothes flattering, trendy, expressive, or appropriate. It’s not likely that many pondered how much water it takes to make a cotton shirt – 2,700 liters – or to produce a single pair of jeans – 9,982 liters. But mindsets are changing as consumers and industry leaders become more informed.

The apparel industry consumes more energy than the aviation and shipping industry combined, accounting for 10 per cent of the global carbon emissions. Chemicals from dyes make their way into the environment, polluting the air, water, and also harming marine life. The fashion industry:

 Produces 20 per cent of wastewater
 Is responsible for 8-10 per cent of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions
 $500 billion of value is lost every year due to clothing underutilisation and lack of recycling

Despite the grim statistics, producers and consumers of fashion recognize that the industry needs to change. In the lead up to the Climate Action Summit on 23 September 2019, the fashion industry has recognized that it has a crucial role to play in contributing to the realization of the goals of the Paris Agreement. Previously, in December 2018, 43 major brands and suppliers signed the Fashion Industry Charter for Climate Action under the auspices of the United Nations. And the goal is simple: reaching net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Other initiatives in the industry are moving in the same direction. This goes hand-in-hand with consumers’ increased awareness of the choices and contributions they can make when we all decide to act now.

With the aim of raising awareness and promoting lasting behavior change when it comes to our fashion choices, the United Nations has started rolling out the #ActNow Fashion Challenge on 6 August.

The challenge is part of the ActNow Climate Campaign, which aims to educate and encourage individual behavioral change, mainly by adjusting consumption patterns. ActNow invites people around the world to step up their climate actions and join the movement to build a better future for all.

The ActNow fashion challenge invites people around the world to make their individual contributions to zero-waste fashion. The challenge is to share each zero-waste fashion action on social media using #ActNow and log it on un.org/actnow.
Need some ideas to get started? Here are some every day zero-waste fashion actions you can take:
 Curb your consumption. Consider whether you really need another pair of jeans, a new T-shirt or a pair of sandals. Also, prior to purchasing, ask yourself 
if you’ll wear it a minimum of 30 times. If the answer is no, then forget about 
it and move on with a lighter heart—and carbon footprint.

 What’s old is new again. Shop in vintage or thrift shops, in fact, urban areas generally have a wide range of choices. Otherwise, you can shop online.

 Reduce water waste. Wash clothes less frequently. Often, we tend to wear something once and wash it whether it’s clean or not. If you’ve had a spill on your clothing, try spot-cleaning.

 Spread the love. Donate your unwanted clothes to charity organizations or take them to consignment shops.

 Skip the landfill. Many retailers offer recycling programs. Some will even purchase, refurbish, and resell gently worn garments.

 Upcycle for a new look. Rework the fabric from old clothes into something new, e.g., a pillow case, quilt, or doll clothes.

 Share your #ActNow story on social media. The world needs to know you’re fighting the good fight.

And finally, share your good environmental habits with your family, friends and colleagues. Don’t forget to log your zero-waste fashion actions in the ActNow bot.
--Adopted from un.org

IV. Essay Question 
Because of COVID-19 pandemic, on-line learning and teaching has almost been a norm nowadays. In your opinion, what are the pros and cons of on-line learning and teaching? How can teachers help students benefit the most from on-line learning? Meanwhile, other than written tests in regular class, what are the suggested assessments to evaluate student’s learning outcome in on-line courses? (25%)

V. 微課程課程設計(25%) 
以TED Talk作為微課程名稱，採SDGs議題融入方式進行，設計6週課程大綱，詳列學習目標、每週課程主題、內容大綱、課程活動種類及成果要求方式

參考答案

. Vocabulary（10％） 1~10 BADCD CBCDA

新北市公立高級中等學校 111 學年度教師聯合甄選
英文科

一、克漏字：共 10 題，每題 2 分。
 In America, mental health challenges among students are a growing concern. A survey in 2018 found that almost 57 percent of college students reported higher-thanaverage stress levels. A report noted that over a five-year ___1___ leading up to 2015, the number of college students who sought help from campus counseling centers increased by an average of 30 to 40 percent, even though enrollment grew by ___2___ five percent over that 
same time frame. Among students seeking treatment, anxiety and depression were by___3___ the most common complaints. Even more disturbingly, the report noted that the number of students who sought treatment due to ___4___ in self-harm or having suicidal thoughts had increased steadily between 2010 and 2017. The average student-to-clinician ratio on U.S. campuses was 1,737 to 1; yet, the International Association of Counseling Services (IACS) recommends that universities and colleges should ideally have one counselor for every 1,000 to 1,500 students. So, in some cases, suffering students face long ___5___ for treatment.

1. (A) spot 
(B) span
(C) ranch
(D) roaster

2. (A) now
(B) only
(C) little
(D) large

3. (A) far 
(B) apart
(C) means
(D) chance

4. (A) endorsing
(B) engaging 
(C) enforcing
(D) enlisting

5. (A) waits
(B) stays
(C) terms
(D) fines

 Extreme sports refer to any action or adventure sports that include a high dosage of risk, height, speed, natural challenges, and physical struggle. They were popularized in the 1990s with lots of TV coverage and they keep on increasing popularity every year. People evaluate them ___6___. Some people acclaim the sports because they dive into the unconventional and the rarely taken path of sports, and provide adrenaline- ___7___ thrills. Some people ___8___the sports because they are more dangerous than common exercise and activities. Actually, they are a type of sport where one has to accept the possibility of severe injury or death as an 
___9___ part of the activity. Then why does the popularity of extreme sports never ___10___, despite the risks? This is because of the physical and mental health benefits that they might provide. Extreme sports allow you to rely on yourself and leave your comfort zone. They can reduce pent-up emotions, stress, and work frustrations; furthermore, they improve our selfesteem and increase our confidence.

6. (A) harshly 
(B) amiably
(C) differently
(D) unanimously

7. (A) pushing
(B) rushing
(C) producing
(D) progressing

8. (A) fortify
(B) neglect
(C) chastise
(D) recommend

9. (A) inherent
(B) incoherent
(C) escapable
(D) affordable

10. (A) allocate 
(B) plummet
(C) surmount
(D) intervene

二、文意選填：共 5 題，每題 2 分。
 A study shows that infection with the novel coronavirus could lead to long-term effects of the virus, affecting every part of the patient’s body, even in those who only have a mild infection. This adds to a growing list of lingering symptoms and complications that can occur after coronavirus infection — known ___11___ as long Covid. Research based on people who reported their symptoms of long Covid identified two main groups of symptoms, one mainly respiratory, but including fatigue and headaches, and a second group of symptoms affecting many parts of the body, including the heart, brain and the gut. In the study of 4,182 people, heart symptoms were commonly reported, such as palpitations or increased heartbeat, as well as non-heart-related symptoms such as pins and needles, numbness and ‘brain fog’.

 In England, it is estimated that between 3 and 12 percent of people who catch Covid will still have symptoms 12 weeks after their initial infection. It’s important to note that these estimates were made ___12___ Omicron became the dominant variant in the UK. Because Omicron hasn’t been around for long enough, we don’t yet know whether it is more or less likely to result in long Covid. Because more of the population in England are now ___13___ vaccinated, it will also be hard to tell whether any differences in long Covid rates are due to the differences between variants or because of the protective effects of vaccination. More than four in 10 (42 percent) of those people were experiencing long Covid symptoms more than a year after their first suspected infection. Almost two thirds (63 percent) said their symptoms had ___14___ their ability to carry out daily activities. A study led by the University of Leicester of just over 1,000 people who had needed treatment in hospital for Covid found that the majority (seven in 10) had not fully recovered five months after they were ___15___, and one in five of those in the study could be considered to have a new disability.

(A)before
(B) after
(C) fully
(D)scarcely 
(AB)collectively
(AC) individually
(AD) reduced
(BC) augmented
(BD) disavowed 
(CD) discharged

三、篇章結構：共 5 題，每題 2 分。
 High schools in Taiwan have detailed regulations concerning academic matters, relations among students and teachers, and obligations pertaining to school life. These are usually divided into codes for students' uniforms and hairstyles, and rules governing teachers' guidance and discipline of students. ___16___ For example, some schools still continue enforcing their own hair codes, such as banning dyed and permed hair, or stipulating a 
maximum hair length. Students who contravene the hair code may have a warning or a minor violation of school regulations entered into their school record.

 Should schools have school rules? Most people believe that communal life requires norms, regulations, and order. ___17___ That is, it takes rules to shape people. But what needs to be made clear from the outset is that such rules must take the students' interests into consideration. Their aim must not be to make teaching or managing students easier or more convenient, and even less should they aim to further the teachers' authority or the school's reputation. ___18___ If children are strait-jacketed, how will they ever gain the confidence to soar when they grow up?

 Are middle school students capable of managing their own lives? In the view of most adults, teenagers like to get up to mischief. If you type the word "teenager" into an Internet search engine, you'll find mostly about teenage problems. But is the word "teenager" really synonymous with "problem"? ___19___ Some students feel embarrassed about the rapid growth of their figure, and some students feel compelled to talk back, even without a good reason. It's a time when physiological changes and the search for their own identity make life very difficult for students.

 Some teachers are very forgiving. ___20___ If adults quit posturing as great figures of authority and restore some reciprocity to their dealings with kids and teenagers, they will be in a position to give guidance once a relationship based on mutual trust is established. 

(A)The way schools see it, today's hair codes are much laxer than they were in the past.
(B) It's commonly said that "It takes a ruler to draw a square, and compasses to make a circle."
(C) Schools ought to allow young students to explore life and to make their own mistakes.
(D)One cannot overemphasize the importance of how school regulations should be implemented.
(AB) During their junior high school years, students experience rapid and violent changes inbody and mind.
(AC) This is a good opportunity for teachers and students to discuss how to create hair anddress regulations acceptable to everyone.
(AD) In addition to regulations in black and white, some schools would have unwritten rules to control every aspect of student behavior.
(BC) They think that sometimes kids talk back to teachers and parents not because they really disagree with them, but because of a sheer feeling of rebellion.

四、教案設計：20 分
1. (一)以英文作答，非英文部分將不予計分。
2. (二)請以試題「三、篇章結構」的內容為發想，設計一份教案，其中應含：
 1. 教學對象
2. 教學目標
3. 與英語以外專業合作的可能
4. 活動設計
5. 評量方式
 

五、Translation：20 分
後來我有機會可以做晚班工作，拿一倍半的薪水，於是我立刻接受。我變成電梯操作員，百無聊賴地待在鋪著絲絨的電梯車廂裡，有如隱形人，或是在另一個晚上穿著白色外套在廁所工作，假裝對客人而言不可或缺，但實際上客人根本不需
要我。有小費當然很好，但那些晚上都沒有小費，而且我要到午夜才能到家，然後六點就要起床。(取自時報出版《戰爭之光》，李淑珺譯)

六、Choose a public issue that you feel strongly about—for instance, health care, gay marriage, animal rights, abortion, or capital punishment. Then write a brief opinion on this issue. Use concrete, sensory description to anchor your argument. (20 分)
 

參考解答

第一部份：選擇題（共 10 題，占 20 分） 
說明：第 1 至第 10 題為單一選擇題。請選出一個最適當的選項填答於答案本上。每題答對得 2 分，答錯、整題未答不予倒扣。
(I) Vocabulary
Part I: Choose the best word to complete the sentence. 
 1. Tom inherited a fortune from his grandparents, but quickly _____ the money on new cars and luxuries he didn’t need.
 (A) collected (B) squandered (C) minted (D) alleviated

 2. Nowadays, scientists rely on the satellite signals for hints of _____ earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
 (A) compulsory (B) impending (C) optional (D) masterful

 3. Doctors have _____ a series of tests to determine the cause of the problem.
 (A) rebounded (B) displaced (C) initiated (D) eradicated

Part II: Choose the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the sentence.

 4. Even after a blistering attack from the enemy, the fortress held.
(A) moderate (B) vehement (C) frustrating (D) woeful

 5. It is an old factory that has been renovated as office space.
(A) decimated (B) sanitized (C) vaporized (D) reconditioned

 6. Despite an inauspicious start, our team went on to win the game 30 to 20.
(A) unthreatening (B) inauthentic (C) ominous (D) conspicuous

(II) Discourse structure: Choose the best sentence from the box below for each blank in the passage.
 They were unlikely friends, Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930), the Scottish-born creator of the detective Sherlock Holmes, and Harry Houdini (1874-1926), America’s most important magician of the day. (7)___. But what brought them together was what, ironically, eventually drive them apart—spiritualism, the belief that one could communicate with the dead.

Conan Doyle had come to believe in spiritualism after his son was killed in World War I. (8) ___. Houdini, on the other hand, was deeply skeptical of spiritualism and took every opportunity to use his understanding of magical illusion to expose mediums and psychics he thought were fakes.

Soon after their correspondence had turned into a friendship, introductions from Conan Doyle allowed Houdini access to dozens of mediums during an extended tour of Great Britain. Unknown to Doyle, however, Houdini was far from becoming a believer: “Th more I investigate the subject,” he wrote, “the less I can make myself believe.” (9) ___.

Their dispute began when Houdini joined the Doyles for a séance, in which Lady Doyle suggested contacting Houdini’s beloved mother. Houdini did believe in an afterlife, so he agreed, but by the time Lady Doyle had filled 15 sheets with automatic writing she claimed had come from his mother, Houdini had only become further convinced that he was witnessing a fraud. (10) ___. Houdini’s mother had been a rabbi’s wife, and Houdini knew she never would never have used the Christian sign of the cross as Lady Doyle said she had; and, more convincingly, she had barely spoken English when alive and it now seemed that after death she had become totally fluent! It simply did not sound like his dear mother, and Houdini resented it. It was the beginning of the end of the friendship between Doyle and Houdini. 

(A) Although he left without saying anything, Houdini knew that he had not heard from his mother.
(B) On closer examination they appear to have plenty in common: both men were famous around the globe, and while their career paths were different, they were both extremely athletic and strong.
(C) Inevitably, despite a growing personal relationship, the two great men moved towards a confrontation.
(D) Conan Doyle became an expert in the field and even wrote a two-volume History of Spiritualism in 1926.
 

第二部份：填充題 （共10題，占20分） 
Please fill the 10 blanks in the following article by using the words as are shown below.

demographic    dipped      margins

tariff   tide    trawlers

undisputed     vendors

ride        weathered

War in Ukraine battering British fish and chips
Sun, Apr 03, 2022
By Brigitte Dusseau / AFP, Brighton, Englan

They have 1.__________ the storms of Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic, and are fighting the 2.__________ of rising inflation, but thousands of Britain’s fish and chip shops could be sunk by the war in Ukraine.

At Captain’s, in the seaside resort of Brighton on England’s south coast, owner Pam Sandhu is normally not one to complain. Yet the shelves of her large refrigerators are empty when they should be full of fresh white fish ready to be 3.__________ in batter and deep fried, then served to hungry customers with piping hot chips. In ordinary times, Russia supplied between 30 and 40 percent of the fish sold in British fish and chip shops, mostly cod and haddock, said Andrew Crook, president of the National Federation of Fish Friers. Ukraine is the world’s biggest exporter of vegetable oil, which is used for deep frying what the federation calls Britain’s “4.__________ national dish.” “With this war in Ukraine, there is no fish available or a very small amount,” Sandhu told reporters. “Before we were ordering in large quantities. Now there is only a minimum order that we can get. The price has doubled from what we paid last year.” The vegetable oil has also become hard to come by, she said. Meanwhile, the UK’s introduction in the middle of last month of a 35 percent 5.__________ on the import of white fish from Russia has begun to bite. At the same time, fish and chip shop proprietors are also being hit by rising energy prices.

On a sunny spring Friday last month, Sandhu was worrying whether she would even have enough fish to get through the weekend. She has been in the business for 30 years, often working seven days a week, and said she has never known as many problems with supplies or pressure on costs. Sandhu’s restaurant has a terrace that looks out onto Brighton’s pebble beach and pier. She bought it three years ago and had planned to open in March 2020. Then came COVID-19, followed by rising inflation and now the war in Ukraine and sanctions against Russia. It has been the perfect storm for fish and chips 6.__________.

Fish and chips, first served as a single dish in the 1860s, has long been a working-class staple, although 7.__________ and dietary changes have seen its popularity wane in the past few years. The takeaway favourite, covered in lashings of salt and vinegar, used to be wrapped in old newspaper and is typically served with mushy peas or tartare sauce. “We’ve always been seen as a cheap meal, so our 8.__________ have always been quite low and we work on volume,” Crook said. “Unfortunately now with the inflationary price, it is very difficult to protect your margins, in fact they’re wiped out.” Fish has become even more expensive because some British 9.__________ are staying in port due to the high cost of fuel. “It’s just not worth them going out and setting sail, so that’s further pressure on the supply of fish and it’s driving pressure further north,” he said. Meanwhile, the sales tax in the UK is going back up to 20 percent, having been cut to 12.5 percent during the pandemic.

All of which could put as many as 3,000 of the country’s 10,000 fish and chip shops out of business, Crook said. “It will probably happen in the next six months,” he said. “I think there is going to be that much pressure on people.” Sandhu is hoping that her reputation and the quality of her fish and chips will help her 10.__________ out the storm. She has not increased her prices, but is keeping a close eye on her competitors. “We have to keep the customer happy, but I can’t work for nothing. I have a home to feed,” she said. Cheaper hamburgers, hot dogs and sausage rolls are now on the menu. Regular customer Sharon Patterson said that she would keep eating at the restaurant, whatever happens. “Fish and chips have been part of my world ever since I existed,” Patterson said, sitting on the terrace alongside her mother, who is in her 80s. “We do have to keep supporting all our local businesses and as long as I can afford it, I will come down and have fish and chips whenever I can,” she said. “It’s part of my growing up. It’s part of my culture.”

1. 翻譯（15 分）及詮釋（15 分）
Please translate the following poem by Dylan Thomas (1914-1953) into Chinese and explain in English what the poem is 
about by using around 200-250 words.

Do not go gentle into that good night 
Do not go gentle into that good night,
Old age should burn and rave at close of day;
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.
Though wise men at their end know dark is right,
Because their words had forked no lightning they
Do not go gentle into that good night

Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright
Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay,
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,
And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way,
Do not go gentle into that good night.

Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight
Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

And you, my father, there on the sad height,
Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray.
Do not go gentle into that good night.
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Your Translation (in Chinese)

Your Interpretation (in English)

2. 短文寫作題 （共 1 題，占 30 分）
 Since the outbreak of COVID-19, most people have changed their lifestyles and modes of working. Last year, because of some measures of containing the virus, most of the teachers in Taiwan had to do online teaching for a long period of time.Although there are still some issues and problems in online teaching, distance education and e-learning seem to be the trend in the future. Write a short essay to discuss the pros and cons of online teaching and how we could integrate a virtual learning environment in English education.

參考解答

1~10

BBCBD  CBDCA

填充

1. weathered 2. tide 3. dipped 4. undisputed 5. tariff 6. vendors 7. demographic 8. margins 9. trawlers 10. ride

引用官方公布題目，若有侵犯版權歡迎告知，立即下架

測驗說明：
 這是英文科題本，題本採雙面印刷。測驗時間 100 分鐘，
作答開始與結束請聽從監試委員的指示。

壹、選擇題：佔40分（共20題，每題2分）
I. Vocabulary (5 題，每題 2 分，共 10 分) 
1. The school band decided to launch a fundraiser to help ______ the costs of fixing the musical instruments.
(A) defray (B) emanate (C) supersede (D) envisage 

2. The suspect was released when a witness came forward with testimony to ______ her. 
(A) incinerate (B) vindicate (C) rescind (D) decapitate

3. Half of the ______ of the fundraising concert featuring A-list singers will go towards helping the humanitarian effort in the war-torn regions in Ukraine. 
(A) amenities (B) casualties (C) venues (D) proceeds

4. Young individuals who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder already suffer a sleep deprivation. It turns out that such sleep disruption may ______ the mental illness state.
(A) transfix (B) exacerbate (C) crucify (D) mesmerize

5. As a CEO who trains for marathons, he takes the hours spent running as chances tomeditate on life and to ______ strategies for his business.
(A) discriminate between (B) dispose of 
(C) ruminate on (D) languish in
 

II. Words in Context (5 題，每題 2 分，共 10 分)
A cryptocurrency, broadly defined, is virtual or digital money that allows people to make payments directly to each other through an online system. Cryptocurrencies take the form of tokens or coins but have no 6 value. They are simply worth what people are willing to pay for them in the market. Though some cryptocurrencies have ventured into the physical world with credit cards or other projects, the large majority remain entirely 7 . 

Launched in 2009, Bitcoin is one of the first digital currencies to use peer-to-peer (P2P) technology to facilitate instant payments. In recent years, bitcoin has been a trendsetter, ushering in a wave of cryptocurrencies built on a(n) 8 network without systems where one entity has full control. It has also become the 9 standard for cryptocurrencies, inspiring an ever-growing legion of followers and spin-offs.

While the use of cryptocurrencies as a means of payment is currently limited, there is one type of digital currency that could be considered money—digital currency issued by a central bank. It can be 10 to the general public and used to settle transactions between firms and households. The unit of account would be the national currency, and it could be exchanged at parity (i.e. one for one) with other forms of money, such as physical currency or electronic deposits with well-regulated financial institutions.

(A) de facto (B) resistant (C) intangible (D) speculative 
(E) intrinsic (AB) accessible (AC) entangled (AD) subjected 
(BC) decentralized (BD) contradictory 
 

III. Cloze (5 題，每題 2 分，共 10 分) 
Aside from cultural factors affecting our food choices, there exists evidence that genetic makeup, geography, and globalization determine how we experience taste. First and foremost, the basic tastes of sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami are detected when the chemicals that produce those flavors 11 certain receptors on our tongues. We all have different amounts of these various receptors, depending on our DNA, and research has shown that sensitivity to one particular bitter compound varies widely between different countries. In some parts of Asia, South America and Africa, as much as 85% of native populations are highly sensitive tasters. Ethnic Europeans sit at the lower end of the scale. On top of that, the way people perceive certain flavors is programmed according to how people usually consume them in different geographical regions. For instance, traditional European 12 is all about pairing foods that share flavors, but a 2011 study found that Asian cooking does the opposite and avoids combining similar flavors. Furthermore, people’s food preferences have also been altered to a certain extent by globalization. As the world shrinks, regional preferences will surely be subject to increasing 13 . On the one hand, you can see Italians shunning their local vino in favor of American-style beer. On the other hand, multinational fast-food corporations adapt their existing products just enough to 14 consumers’ tastes in various regional markets. For example, in China in addition to spicy chicken, KFC’s menus offer rice dishes, soy milk drinks, egg tarts, fried dough sticks, wraps with local sauces, and fish and shrimp burgers on fresh buns. So, are people’s food preferences 15 or learned? It turns out that it might just be a little bit of both. Behind any individual’s food choices hides a mix of biological, geographical and global influences. 

11. (A) hold off (B) frame up (C) bind with (D) account for 

12. (A) ambivalence (B) circumlocution (C) encumbrance (D) gastronomy

13. (A) veracity (B) dilution (C) symmetry (D) rapture

14. (A) hinge on (B) abound with (C) border on (D) pander to

15. (A) inherited (B) engrossed (C) heralded (D) debilitated

IV. Discourse (5 題，每題 2 分，共 10 分) 
Teaching students about the Russian invasion of Ukraine is not as easy as you might expect. The war has been fast-moving, heartbreaking, and difficult to process. Not only that,  16 Even so, Professor Jay and Professor Buterbaugh of the Political Science Department at Southern Connecticut State University offer some advice on teaching about the Russia–Ukraine war more effectively. 

Their first suggestion is for educators to approach the Ukraine war as learners. Teachers do not necessarily have to be scholars or researchers of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine to effectively teach it. Instead, they should frame themselves as learners who utilize their experiences of being learners transparently and as a form of modeling. Gradually, 17 

Another suggestion is that 18 As an instructor, it can also be an appropriate approach to guide students to explore media literacy and critical thinking by encouraging students to analyze statements from both Russian President Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky. The students can see the value in being skeptical of both nations’ accounts. This is a good case study to teach not merely critical thinking, but also how to examine valid evidence. 

In addition to the aforementioned ideas, Jay and Buterbaugh also remind us to be on the alert for any sign of misinterpretation or misinformation when it comes to assisting students in making sense of the war. For one, we are expected to use analogies, although it is imperative to not oversimply complex issues. Comparing this war to other events in our history curriculum can be a powerful teaching tool. This type of approach can deepen students’ knowledge of both events. Yet, 19 Another teaching pedagogy we ought to beware of is that when teaching about the war in Ukraine, educators should make sure to differentiate between Russian leadership and the general populace. A great number of nations have clearly sided with Ukraine. Over time, 20 Consequently, instructors should supervise discussions to step in before students start demonizing Russians. 

 In brief, addressing the Russian invasion of Ukraine is an opportunity for learning and discussion on a number of topics in class. Nevertheless, there are some do’s and don’ts we as educators should take into consideration. 

(A) Russia and Ukraine’s competing narratives should be closely scrutinized. 
(B) that is likely to trigger anti-Russian sentiment, causing students to stereotype all Russians as invaders, and treat all Russians as culpable.
(C) we should be careful to teach students not to generalize the comparisons of all historic events; otherwise, their bias or prejudice may come into play. 
(D) numerous educators lack sufficient knowledge about the complicated geopolitical and historical background to the conflict. 
(E) with this mindset, they can realize that their goal as teachers is not to impart knowledge about the conflict, but to facilitate students’ inquiry as they learn more about it. 

貳、非選擇題：佔60分（共3題，每題20分）
1. The Blueprint for Developing Taiwan into a Bilingual Nation by 2030 was drafted by National Development Council with an aim of “raising the people’s English proficiency and enhancing Taiwan’s international competitiveness.” Ministry of Education has sponsored 50 high schools as “benchmark” bilingual institutions. Under such circumstances, English teachers are expected to teach English through English (TETE) and work with other subject teachers to support CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning). (共 20 分) 

(1) What challenges do you think you will be facing while assuming the responsibility of TETE and supporting bilingual education under the bilingual nation policy? (10 分) 

(2) How will you address such challenges? (10 分) 

2. Test Design: Please follow the instructions below to design three integrated reading tasks suitable for the new General Scholastic Ability Test (新型學測混合題型). (共 20 分) 
(1) These integrated reading tasks can be designed to test a wide range of reading skills. These include understanding discourse, organizing ideas, analyzing logical arguments, making inferences, giving evidence,recognizing writers' opinions, attitudes and purpose, etc. (10 分) 

(2) Please use at least three different kinds of questions for these integrated reading tasks, including multiple-choice, matching, ordering, fill-in-the-blank, table/chart/organizer completion, short-answer questions, true-false questions, and so on. Answer keys need to be provided. (10 分) 

  Today, Gapminder launches a new free educational service called theWorldview 
  Upgrader, which will help people and organizations realize their ignorance and rid themselves of common misconceptions. 
  For many years, Gapminder has tested the public knowledge and identified systematic misconceptions about global trends and proportions and invented different tools to fight these misconceptions. Today, we are releasing this groundbreaking new online service in which users can test themselves and replace misconceptions with updated facts.
  The format is simple: ABC questions about global trends and proportions. All questions have been carefully selected based on the strict criteria that most people answer them wrongly. As we disclosed in our latest study (the Sustainable Development Misconceptions Study 2020),these fact questions capture widespread misconceptions about global trends and proportions that most people suffer from. The sum of which adds up to a completely wrong worldview. 
  With this new service, users can test their preconceived ideas about important global trends that almost everyone is wrong about. If they learn the facts and answer the questions correctly, they can get a certificate that proves they have upgraded their worldview. The initial test contains global questions across all the subjects of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 
Gapminder’s goal is to make it easier for people to quickly rid themselves of misconceptions. As the world keeps changing, the facts change, and the questions will be updated and new ones will be added. The Worldview Upgrader will provide a simple way to upgrade people’s worldview. 
Ola Rosling, co-founder of Gapminder, said: 
  “Together with my father Hans Rosling, I gave a TED-talk in 2014 (“How not to be ignorant about the world”) where I described my vision to capture and dismantle systematic misconceptions. After years of hard work, today it becomes reality and I am super excited about this!”
  “Many people rely on the media to understand the world, but it mostly focuses on exceptional and temporary events and, because of that, it can’t be expected to give people a good picture of big proportions and the slow changing trends. But in a globalized world, everyone needs a worldview that is based on data, and it needs to keep upgrading as the world changes. The staff in companies, schools and other organizations are currently wrong about the state of the world, often because they have facts that were true more than forty years ago. 
  The Worldview Upgrader helps people and organizations quickly rid themselves of the most common misconceptions. Fortunately, the misconceptions are systematic, so we realized we could build a systematic solution to the problem. I’m convinced this will lead to better decisions for positive change, and I know my father would have loved it.”
  In the first version launched today, there’s one global test with one question for each of the UN Goals. Over the next couple of months we will roll out hundreds of new test questions about all aspects of global development that most people are wrong about. 
  The service is free to use. All you need is an internet connection. We hope that journalists, teachers and students, politicians, business leaders and staff, will test themselves and realize what they are wrong about. 
  In the coming months, we will also announce our plans to help educate organizations to use the service and get certificates that prove their staff have an upgraded worldview

3. In the second semester of the 12th grade, a majority of students in Taiwan are required to take such elective courses as English Listening and Speaking, and English Reading and 
Writing (高三下英語文科「加深加廣」選修課程:英語聽講練習及英文閱讀與寫作). 
They are the courses in which the students do not have any standard textbooks or materials, nor do they need to take any college entrance examination again. Imagine that you are going to teach 12th graders these elective courses in their last semester (12 weeks), and you need to match the needs of the learners and their learning process. Your task is to design an effective learner-centered syllabus using the following template and fill in detailed information about the two courses. (20 分) (請將這兩門課程合併寫成一份課程綱要) 

參考答案

引用官方公布題目，若有侵犯版權歡迎告知，立即下架

國立竹北高中 111 學年度第 1 學期 第 1 次教師甄選
英文科 試題卷
(請考生自填) 准考證號碼： 姓名： 
Part I: 選擇題 (第 1 題至第 30 題請畫卡) 
I. Vocabulary: 8% 
1. When genuine ______ is considered to be an aberration, it is no wonder that the cynical belief that everyone is just for profit is considered to be realism.
(A) cupidity (B) avarice (C) altruism (D) vacillation

2. The bane of many a fund manager, the volatility of the emerging markets index has often _____ investors seeking a stable repository for their funds.
(A) confounded (B) assuaged (C) underscored (D) relieved

3. The politician’s tendency to ____ left even his most ardent supporters unsure of his position on certain issues.
(A) corroborate (B) equivocate (C) mitigate (D) venerate

4. The burst of gamma-ray radiation generated by the mergers of binary star systems are ____ in nature; scientists have found it difficult to collect meaningful data from such a brief of time span.
(A) expedient (B) protracted (C) transient (D) sidereal

5. No one would dare __________ that Edward had won the competition by cheating. But it’sblatant. 
(A) inflict (B) blandish (C) insinuate (D) dilate

6. The failure of the conference makes nuclear _________ more likely and nuclear disarmament a waning hope. 
(A) proliferation (B) impunity (C) lesion (D) nemesis

7. Power outages, act of _________, and general unrest have hampered the productivity of the enterprise. 
(A) dregs (B) exacerbation (C) fidelity (D) sabotage

8. Down here is the swimming pool, which is 41 ft long and elegantly lined with mosaic tiles, __________ the Roman style. 
(A) reminiscent of (B) obsequious to (C) pertinent to (D) compatible with
 

II. Cloze: 5% 
More than 100 global leaders lately pledged to halt and reverse deforestation and land degradation by the end of the decade, 9 by $19 billion in public and private funds to invest in protecting and restoring forests. The joint statement at the COP26 climate talks in Glasgow was backed by the leaders of countries including Brazil, Indonesia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, which collectively 10 85% of the world’s forests. Calling it an unprecedented agreement, British leader Boris Johnson said, 

“We will have a chance to end humanity’s long history as nature’s conqueror, and instead become its custodian.” 
 11 additional government and private initiatives were launched to help reach that goal, including billions in pledges for indigenous guardians of the forest and sustainable agriculture. Environmentalists say that indigenous communities are the best protectors of the forest, often against violent 12 of loggers and land grabbers. Forests absorb roughly 30% of carbon dioxide emissions, according to the nonprofit World Resources Institute. The forests take the emissions out of the atmosphere and prevent them from warming the globe. 13 this natural climate buffer is rapidly disappearing. The world lost 258,000 square kilometers of forest in 2020, according to WRI’s deforestation tracking initiative Global Forest Watch. That is an area larger than the United Kingdom. A number of financial intuitions contribute efforts, some of which aim to eliminate deforestation while others target capping global warming..

9. (A) mortgaged (B) underpinned (C) underestimated (D) overwhelmed
10. (A) count for (B) consist(C) made up of (D) account for
11. (A) A swarm of (B) A flock of (C) A colony of (D) A slew of
12. (A) encroachment (B) implement (C) persistence (D) mischief
13. (A) And thus (B) Otherwise (C) Yet (D) So
 

III. Matching: 10% 
(A) where (B) vaulting (C) yet (D) project (E) composed 
(AB) those (AC) grandeur (AD) reticulated (AE) accretion (BC) which

In the 1970s, there was not the rash of ugly buildings around Tivoli that there is now. The ruins of Hadrian’s Villa, twice the size of __14__ of Pompeii, lay off the road, unannounced, on small tufa rises of orange soil, amid ancient olives, cypresses, and sculpted pine trees, with water trickling from pools and fountains. It rained intermittently. I took shelter under the half-collapsed domes and __15__, and in underground chambers. I read later that in 1803, Chateaubriand had visited the villa and had also been caught in the rain, taking refuge in the same places. “The fragments of masonry were garnished with the leaves of scolopendra,” he wrote in his description of his journey, “the satin verdure of __16__ appeared like mosaic work upon the white marble.”

The __17__ stones inset in the mortar of the walls, thick with wet moss, had blended together into one west and beautiful __18__, in the way that generations and their particular dramas blend with past and future ones, leaving patterns only: like different varieties of earth. The floors with their rich and muddy carpet of tesserae were a lesson in geology. The fragments of slate and marble parquetry offered colors subtler __19__. I remember a lone pillar so dark that it was like a diseased and veiny elephant trunk.Shattered domes revealed clouds of moving overhead in countless visions of eternity. It was a place made for silence and for contemplation, __20__ you wanted a book handy. Every corner was a cloister. No view was panoramic: each seemed deliberately __21__. 

For Hadrian, writes Eleanor Clark in a 1950 book, Rome and a Villa, the availability of water was more important than a dominant view.Hadrian’s Villa was the Versailles of the ancient world. In the remnants of apsidal niches, vestibules, colonnades, and pools, one can detect signs of an arranged __22__ absent in the Roman Forum, a mere warehouse of ruins in comparison to Tivoli. And while so much of Maximian’s villa in Casale spoke of vulgarity, here everything appeared more refined. Scholars compare the villa with Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello because the scenery in each place has been so deliberately managed. The villas was Hadrian’s personal __23__ to the same extent that Monticello was Jefferson’s.
 

IV. Discourse: 8% 
In October 1887, the steamer Vernon set sail from Michigan toward Chicago with about 50 people on board. Likely overloaded with cargo, she never made it. 24 In decades of Great Lakes shipping, more than 2,000 commercial vessels sank while traversing Lake Michigan’s waters.

Last summer, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) announced it had designated 962 square miles of the lake as a national marine sanctuary. The Wisconsin Shipwreck Coast National Marine Sanctuary contains the remains of 36 known shipwrecks, including the Vernon, and up to 59 potential shipwrecks that have yet to be discovered. 25 Researchers, shipwreck enthusiasts and coastal community leaders 
hope that the new sanctuary will spark renewed public interest not just in the wrecks themselves but in the waterways that made them. “For almost all of human history, the world has been connected by water, really, and separated by land,” said Russ Green, NOAA’s regional coordinator. “This is what makes the Great Lakes so special.”

The Vernon sank in deep water, and it was not until the summer of 1960 that John Steele and Kent Bellrichard discovered the wreck. Steele and Bellrichard hunted shipwrecks, using surplus military sonar technology, said Brendon Baillod, a maritime historian. They found the Vernon under about 200 feet of water, well preserved by the lake’s cool, fresh water. 26 Ships on the Great Lakes sailed loaded with iron, grain, lumber and coal, often into the late fall and winter, without modern navigation technology or weather forecasting. Some, like the Vernon, carried passengers. “Sailing was even riskier,” said Baillod. He estimates around 50,000 sailors died in the Great Lakes between 1850 and 1900. 27 But sailors were admired for their bravado, and they got paid in cash.
(A) The sanctuary is the first in Lake Michigan and only the second in the Great Lakes.
(B) But as archaeological resources, the wrecks have limited time.
(C) The Vernon’s fate was not unusual.
(D) Not all of them died in wrecks; some were felled by other occupational hazard, like falling from masts.
(E) Inside are wooden chalices stacked inside crates, bottles of wine, barrels of potatoes and apples, according to researchers.

V. Reading Comprehension 9% 
After wolves were nearly wiped out in Washington state by hunting, trapping and government extermination campaigns, they are beginning to make a comeback. Today, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife(WDFW) kills wolves only when they have repeatedly killed cattle, a relative rare event, with about 80% of Washington wolf packs typically staying out of trouble with people. That brings us to the wolf that Ben Maletzke, statewide wolf specialist in the wildlife program for WDFW, likes to call The Old Guy:[Wolf 32M]. Wolf 32M lived some 12 years as the patriarch of the Teanaway pack, kicking off the recovery of wolves in Washington despite living in cattle country, amid ranchettes. He lost a mate to poachers, and the pack’s territory was roasted by wildfire in 2014. But still, Wolf 32M and his family persisted, bring the call of the wild back to the Central Cascades for the first time in a century. These wolves are what Maletzke calls stepping stones in recovery—the animals that could help lead the way to new territory not yet recolonized by wolves. Recovery is still in early states in Washington, with fewer than 200 wolves documented, and no statewide presence yet established.

 Wolves disperse to new territory to find mates and begin packs of their own. They have few predators, but they can be killed by other wolves defending a territory or a kill. It is this pack dynamic that wildlife biologists are counting on to urge wolves into areas where they do not presently live. Wolves do everything as a pack: hunting, eating, resting, traveling, and caring for their young. A lone wolf usually is in transition, looking for a new pack. Wolf recovery has been a flash point for environmentalists, ranchers and politicians on all sides of the issue. Restoring the wolf is about restoring balance to the system, for in Washington state, all is connected in the living system, one species to another. When a keystone predator is taken out of an ecosystem, it is not helpful. One thing all sides agree on: despite lethal removals, the wolves are going to keep coming. 

28. What is the passage mainly about? 
 (A) The pros and cons of wolf recovery
(B) A glimmer of hope of wolf recovery
(C) The ways in which wolves fight back
(D) The reason that contributes to wolf’s extinction

29. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? 
 (A) One of Wolf 32M’s mates was killed by government extermination campaign.
(B) For residents’ safety, wolves would be killed whenever they are seen by people.
(C) Wolves tend to move and live individually, except when they are mating.
(D) In a wolf society, males dominate.

30. What can be inferred from the passage? 
 (A) The ecosystem in Washington state would be benefited from the wolf recovery.
(B) The number of wolves in Washington state would be surging rapidly within a short period of time.
(C) Residents in Washington are highly concerned about wolf recovery.
(D) Government would be reluctant to be involved in the wolf recovery program.

 Part II: 非選擇題: 60% 本部分答案請寫在答案卷上 
I. 閱讀混合題: Instructions (1 5%)
請讀完下列文章，出 4 道符合 108 課綱閱讀素養概念的題目。選擇題為四選一的模式，簡答題或
填充題的字數請務必控制得當，勿天馬行空，或在文章內找不到線索。
The modern age has gifted us with plenty of luxuries and services at our very fingertips. A range of streaming services and contents has been greatly revolutionized and therefore become the most go-to entertainment options. Numerous streaming platforms have been vying for the spotlight. Among the most sought-after, Netflix and Disney Plus are the two giants stacking up in contents and values. They have been providing various shows and movies for the subscribers, yet they all come with a range of pros and cons.
 
 Disney chooses to focus on a single target for its streaming platform— young viewers. It is relatively budget-friendly and is a perfect choice for anyone who is already a fan of infamous Marvel, Disney, or Star Wars releases.

 Needless to say, Disney productions are always naturally family-oriented, high-quality, and encased with gripping storylines. Disney Plus includes a series of Disney Exclusives, most of which stand the test of time. Amazing 
documentaries are also available thanks to National Geographic, which can make Disney Plus great for viewers of all ages—not to mention that content is available in 4K HDR, mobile downloads, and are completely ad-free.

 However, the fact that these top-rated titles are original to Disney doesn’t necessarily mean they are unique—most people may have seen at least glimpses of these titles before, either in cinemas, online, or on other TV channels. Plus, having a variety of high-quality PG and G-rated contents can only be amazing for younger audiences, and loveably nostalgic for older viewers. While Nat Geo documentaries can be entertaining, Disney Plus does lack adult-tailored contents, and the exclusives are weekly releases, not binge-watch friendly.

Netflix is flaunting an extensive catalog of TV shows, movies, and even documentaries for viewers to enjoy. They have also been around for the longest and have become pioneers in terms of their unique streaming services. 

 Original TV shows and movies are a staple for Netflix, as they are firm concerning their additions of fresh content. They add at least one new Netflix Original movie each week, in addition to their wide selection of Netflix Original series.
 Another reason that makes Netflix so well-loved is the affordable subscription plans. The Standard package can meet the basic requirements for customers’ recreational arrangements.

 However, though original contents are crucial for hooking up customers with unique shows and titles, licensed programming is still an integral aspect in maintaining sign-ups and quality contents. Yet, many classic TV shows and titles are requiring more expensive licenses. Relying heavily on originals does have the potential to cause issues later down the line. While Netflix continues to surpass others in terms of viewership, they do lack legacy in this part. Netflix’s licensed library will continue to shrink as the battle for content ownership and licensing is an ongoing war amongst streaming services

2. The following is an example of some student’s composition. As an English teacher, please correct this 
composition, make a comment and provide your suggestions for this student.(15%)

作文練習：
說明：依提示寫一篇英文作文。
提示：雖然台灣面積不大，但每個城市都有自己獨有的特色。你覺得你所居住 的城市最需要改變的地方是甚麼?請以此為題，寫一篇英文作文。第一段 介紹你所居住城市的人、事、物、文化、制度、自然環境等，並說明你 認為這裡需要什麼樣的改變?第二段敘述這個改變能帶給你的城市甚麼好處?
I lived in a city called Zhubei. It’s very convenient here, we have a departmentstore, a lot of restaurant, lots of park and so on. Furthermore, there is also a beachhere, when you’re filled up with stress you can take a drive to the beach to take alittle rest. The wind can blow all your stress away. But the more convenient the moreproblems come. For example, due to the department store there was always atraffic jam nearby. We needed to spend twice as much time as than we neededbefore. There is also some place need to improve is there are too many holes onthe street, when we drive threw the car will jump up and down. It’s very unconfortable to drive threw and there was not only a hole on a street, there are about 2~3 holes just on a street. Above are some places that I think Zhubei needed to improve.

There aren’t just shortcomings in Zhubei, there’re also advantages here. Because of there’re a lot of restaurant we don’t need to think what should we eat today. There are various kind of restaurant and find stands, you can have different type of food and won’t repeat for a week. If you have a kid you can bring them to the park, there are seesaw, slide, a big place for a picnic. Parents can sit under the tree and
have a little talk to each other and have rest, the kids can also have a lot of fun in the park. Taiwan isn’t big, but every city has its own special feature. There aren’t a perfect city, every city have its advantages and shortcomings, but if we improve them we can make this city better. 
 
3. A whole English class, perhaps, is every teacher’s dream and every student’s mecca. And here  we want to pick your brains on how to follow through the possibility of it. What problems do you think we might meet in the course of using all English in class? What feasible action, suggestions and practices we might take to carry it through? What optimum end goals you want to see? (15%)

4. Describe a challenging situation a homeroom teacher encountered in classroom management and how it was solved. (15%)

參考答案

桃園市立武陵高級中等學校 111 學年度第一學期第 1 次正式教師甄選
英文 科初試試題卷 
壹、單選題 (29%)：請用 2B 鉛筆於電腦答案卡上畫記正確答案
I. Vocabulary (10%)
1. The ______wedding of Brooklyn Beckham and Nicola Peltz has been criticized for its extravagance and the astronomical amount spent on the wedding.
(A) blasphemous (B) comatose (C) egregious (D) ostentatious

2. Some people dismiss smoking pot as a(n) ______, not a major crime that should be punished severely.
(A) peccadillo (B) espionage (C) oblivion (D) bigotry

3. The old man is ______ about his good old days as a famous and popular actor, and he keeps talking about his youth constantly though no one recognizes him.
(A) luminous (B) meddlesome (C) nostalgic (D) morbid

4. Saying that the stock would be a(n) ______ investment, the broker advised his clients against purchasing it.
(A) officious (B) precarious (C) pretentious (D) obnoxious

5. The ______ politician always tried to pick up a fight with his opponents so as to seek attention, which resulted in his failure to win the re-election.
(A) patronizing (B) preposterous (C) insidious (D) pugnacious

6. She’s constantly followed by ______ assistants who will do anything she tells them to so as to please her.
(A) obsequious (B) lugubrious (C) mercurial (D) mordant

7. His angry comments would only ______ tensions in the negotiation process between the two nations.
(A) preclude (B) acclimatize (C) exacerbate (D) pontificate

8. Xi Jinping is regarded by many as a(n) ______ to Putin’s war of aggression and the mastermind in 
undermining the existing liberal world order.
(A) martinet (B) emissary (C) raiment (D) accomplice

9. The Cannes Film Festival and its requisite parade of beauty looks are here to remind onlookers that ______style is back.
(A) inordinate (B) abstemious (C) sumptuous (D) derogatory

10. Julia Child remains the grande dame of American ______, a towering icon against whom few can compare in stature and influence.
(A) quandary (B) malevolence (C) gastronomy (D) repudiation

II. Discourse (9%)
Diabetes occurs when the pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin to maintain a normal concentration of the sugar glucose in the blood. In ___(11)___ cases, the blood-glucose concentration is very high, and large amounts of glucose are excreted in the urine. Primary diabetes has two forms: insulin-dependent and non insulin-dependent, both caused by ___(12)___ and genetic factors. Pancreas removal or damage causes ___(13)___ diabetes.

Insulin-dependent diabetes generally starts in childhood and is characterized by serious insulin deficiency, probably due to the ___(14)___ of the insulin—secretin cells of the pancreas. Without insulin, the person develops ketoacidosis, high levels of ketone bodies in the blood, causing lowered blood pH and possible heart failure, and coma caused by the very high blood glucose levels.

The non insulin-dependent form usually occurs in people over age 40. These people have higher-thannormal levels of insulin but are___(15)___ to its action; ketoacidosis is rare. Obesity can impair insulin action, so obese people are predisposed to this form of diabetes, ___(16)___ are populations that have recently adopted Western processed-food diets. Some women develop elevated glucose levels during pregnancy, called gestational diabetes. Glucose levels may return to normal after ___(17)___, but they have an increased risk of developing non insulin-dependent diabetes in the future.

The ___(18)___ of diabetes treatment is to restore blood glucose levels to normal. For obese people with non insulin-dependent diabetes, the treatment of choice is weight loss. If this does not ___(19)___, oral hypoglycemic agents, which act by stimulating the pancreas to secrete additional insulin, or insulin injections are required. People with insulin-dependent diabetes usually receive one or two daily injections of slowly 
absorbed insulin.

(A) secondary (B) destruction (C) suffice (D) birth
(E) environmental (AB) observation (AC) severe (AD) drawback
(AE) as (BC) nor (BD) resistant (BE) objective

III. Reading Comprehension (10%)
Close at hand is a bridge over the River Thames, an admirable vantage ground for us to make a survey.■ (A) The river flows beneath; barges pass, laden with timber, bursting with corn; there on one side are the domes and spires of the city; on the other, Westminster and the Houses of Parliament. It is a place to stand on by the hour, dreaming. But not now. Now we are pressed for time. ■ (B) Now we are here to consider facts; now we must fix our eyes upon the procession—the procession of the sons of educated men.

There they go, our brothers who have been educated at public schools and universities, mounting those steps, passing in and out of those doors, ascending those pulpits, preaching, teaching, administering justice, practicing medicine, transacting business, making money. It is a solemn sight always—a procession, like a caravanserai crossing a desert. … But now, for the past twenty years or so, it is no longer a sight merely, a photograph, or fresco scrawled upon the walls of time, at which we can look with merely an esthetic appreciation. ■(C) For there, trapesing along at the tail end of the procession, we go ourselves. And that makes a difference. We who have looked so long at the pageant in books, or from a curtained window watched educated men leaving the house at about nine-thirty to go to an office, returning to the house at about sixthirty from an office, need look passively no longer. We too can leave the house, can mount those steps, pass in and out of those doors, … make money, administer justice. …We who now agitate these humble pens may in another century or two speak from a pulpit.

Nobody will dare contradict us then; we shall be the mouthpieces of the divine spirit—a solemn thought, is it not? Who can say whether, as time goes on, we may not dress in military uniform, with gold lace on our breasts, swords at our sides, and something like the old family coal-scuttle on our heads, save that that venerable object was never decorated with plumes of white horsehair. ■(D)You laugh—indeed the shadow of the private house still makes those dresses look a little queer. We have worn private clothes for so long. … But we have not come here to laugh, or to talk of fashions—men’s and women’s. We are here, on the bridge, to ask ourselves certain questions. And they are very important questions; and we have very little time in which to answer them. The questions that we have to ask and to answer about that procession during this moment of transition are so important that they may well change the lives of all men and women forever. For we have to ask ourselves, here and now, do we wish to join that procession, or don’t we? On what terms shall we join that procession? Above all, where is it leading us, the procession of educated men? 

The moment is short; it may last five years; ten years, or perhaps only a matter of a few months longer. …But, you will object, you have no time to think; you have your battles to fight, your rent to pay, your bazaars to organize. That excuse shall not serve you, Madam. As you know from your own experience, and there are facts that prove it, the daughters of educated men have always done their thinking from hand to mouth; not under green lamps at study tables in the cloisters of secluded colleges. They thought while they stirred the pot, while they rocked the cradle. It was thus that they won us the right to our brand-new sixpence. It falls to us 
now to go on thinking; how are we to spend that sixpence? Think we must. Let us think in offices; in omnibuses; while we are standing in the crowd watching Coronations and Lord Mayor’s Shows; let us think … in the 
gallery of the House of Commons; in the Law Courts; let us think at baptisms and marriages and funerals. Let us never cease from thinking—what is this “civilization” in which we find ourselves? What are these ceremonies and why should we take part in them? What are these professions and why should we make money out of them? Where in short is it leading us, the procession of the sons of educated men? 
 

Questions:
20. What is the main purpose of this passage?
(A) to present how critical an issue is.
(B) to highlight the social division in that era.
(C) to challenge the workability of an undertaking. 
(D) to remind women of how important a tradition is.

21. The author indicates that the procession in the passage
(A) has clearly become a celebrated feature every year. 
(B) also includes some women in certain uniforms at its end.
(C) has been less restricted in its exclusion of members.
(D) sparks a lot of questions as to whether it should continue to exist. 

22. Which sentence best supports your answer to the previous question? 
(A) Sentence (A) (“The…. Parliament.”)
(B) Sentence (B) (“Now…...men.”)
(C) Sentence (C) (“For……ourselves.”)
(D) Sentence (D) (“You…queer.”)
23. In the passage, the author chooses the location of the bridge because it
(A) is a perfect place to fantasize a dream for a bright future for women.
(B) symbolizes a transition of the past and present situations in England. 
(C) is within the setting of the historic past events the author refers to. 
(D) commands a good view of the procession of the sons of the educated men. 

24. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the figurative “sixpence” mentioned in the passage?
(A) luxury
(B) freedom
(C) tolerance
(D) recompens

參考答案

引用官方公布題目，若有侵犯版權歡迎告知，立即下架

臺中市立文華高級中等學校 111 學年度第 1 次教師甄選
英文科專業知能試題本(部分試題)
一、選擇題 (共 50 分) 
I. Vocabulary (12%)
1. It was stunning when the YouTuber introduced the _______ sea-facing apartment, which was worth more than two billion dollars.
(A) viable (B) finite (C) lavish (D) rigid

2. When the boundary dispute between these two countries _______, an imminent war seems to be unavoidable.
(A) culminates (B) navigates (C) reconciles (D) extricates

3. A meeting which was scheduled today has been postponed due to the sudden _______ of the chairperson. His death came as a great shock to everyone.
(A) attire (B) quiver (C) demise (D) valve

4. In the Greek mythology, Prometheus tricked Zeus for mankind’s benefit, thus _______ his wrath, and he then was severely punished.
(A) incurring (B) hitching (C) lamenting (D) shafting

5. The senator, who looked gentle and upright, was accused of _______. It appalled everyone that he had set fire to the house of a witness, who just saw him hit and run the night before.
(A) arson (B) incest (C) despotism (D) nepotism

6. To make her pronunciation more _______, my sister watched English TV series, listened to the characters speak carefully, and imitated their pronunciation line by line. Now, she speaks without any accent.
(A) impalpable (B) impeccable (C) impetuous (D) implacable

7. In most countries, people reaching the legal age have the right to vote. However, _______ was not available for women until the late 19th century and became universal after WWI.
(A) alimony (B) autonomy (C) custody (D) suffrage

8. The company’s announcement of the new construction project has received _______ support from local residents, so it is rumored that the executive team is considering canceling it.
(A) sedentary (B) germane (C) lukewarm (D) vehement

9. Do you know there’s a(n) _______ in this non-fiction best-seller? It is mentioned that nuclear weapons were produced in the early 18th century.
(A) euphemisms (B) metabolism (C) anachronism (D) hooliganism

測驗說明:本測驗共有兩部分，含選擇題及非選擇題。選擇題共計 40 題，共 50分，答案請劃記在答案卡上。非選擇題共 2 大題，共 50 分，答案請直接寫在答案卷上，並請清楚標記題號。
 

10. At the 2019 Cannes Film Festival, all jury members were fascinated by Bong Joon-ho’s black comedy thriller Parasite. During the discussion, they reached a _______ agreement that the film was the best among all the films in competition and should be awarded the highest prize.
(A) capricious (B) tenacious (C) unanimous (D) veracious

11. My supervisor’s tendency to _______ makes him an unsuitable leader of the group. Unfortunately, my boss can’t see his indecisiveness and still entrusts him with several important projects.
(A) subjugate (B) vacillate (C) patronize (D) incarcerate

12. At first, we started playing the audio book in our car out of boredom during the 3-hour ride, but we ended up being so _______ by it that we couldn’t leave the car when arriving at the destination.
(A) concocted (B) enthralled (C) thwarted (D) gnawed
 

II. Cloze Test (10%)
Islands are considered natural laboratories to study evolutionary questions. One of the most striking patterns described on islands is the 13 for species to become giants or dwarfs in comparison with mainland relatives. Dwarf hippos and elephants in the Mediterranean islands, or even our miniature relative Homo floresiensis on the Indonesian island of Flores, are examples of dwarfism. 14 , small mainland species may evolve into giants after colonizing islands, giving rise to such oddities as the St Kilda field mouse (twice the size of its mainland ancestor), the infamous dodo of Mauritius (a giant pigeon), and the Komodo dragon. While this phenomenon was first described by Foster back in 1964, it took a few years until Van Valen 15 the term ‘island rule’ in 1973. Yet, whether the island rule is a term to describe occasional evolutionary 16 or a more general phenomenon has been a subject of much debate. Hundreds of studies in the last 40 years either supported or rejected the rule, providing no clear 17 . Perhaps most concerningly, a systematic review published in 2018 suggested there were strong author-related biases in the way that the island rule was supported or rejected, with clusters of authors consistently supporting or not supporting the hypothesis. 
13. (A) terrain (B) textile (C) thrust (D) tendency

14. (A) In other words (B) On the other hand (C) As an alternative (D) On top of that

15. (A) coined (B) scraped (C) undid (D) mashed

16. (A) knacks (B) latitudes (C) flukes (D) parleys

17. (A) consensus (B) repertoire (C) incidence (D) eloquence

Can brain size increase your chance of survival? According to a recent research based on the crania of 291 existing mammals and 50 similar ones whose owners went extinct during the Late Quaternary, having a smaller brain predisposed the relevant species 18 extinction,. The researchers’ conclusion may sound intuitive: Big-brained animal adapts or gets out of the way. But there’s much more to the story. It’s not a given that a big brain 19 evolutionary advantage. Big brains actually come at a cost because of the amount of energy they consume. Also, big-brained animals tend to live longer and have fewer offspring 20 they make more of an investment of 
time and effort—this can diminish survival probability under pressure. 21 , species with bigger brains would theoretically be more flexible in their behavior and more competent to cope with the rapidly changing conditions in the Late Quaternary. In other words, the conditions selected for the smartest of the pack. This theory is supported by evidence that among birds and mammals today, relatively large brains have been found to improve 22 in novel conditions and when the animal is threatened, thanks to behavioral flexibility. It seems that brain size does matter.
18. (A) on (B) from (C) to (D) for
19. (A) confers (B) refers (C) infers (D) defers
20. (A) which (B) in which (C) who (D) with whom
21. (A) Accordingly (B) Furthermore (C) That said (D) Above all
22. (A) convertibility (B) accountability (C) manipulability (D) survivability
 

III. Contextual Matching (8%)

Are some people resistant to COVID-19? After dodging COVID-19 several times during the pandemic, flight attendant Angeliki Kaoukaki wondered if she was a medical 23 . But she’s possibly among a small group of people who might have genetic resistance to the virus. Scientists are now racing to understand how such resistance to COVID-19 could work—and whether the trait can be 24 to develop new drugs against the disease.

Kaoukaki had already worked alongside other cabin crew members who tested positive without getting sick herself. Then in July 2021 Kaoukaki’s partner 25 a severe case of COVID-19 with high fever and unbearable pain that lasted nearly 10 days. Kaoukaki showed no symptoms, despite the fact that the pair isolated together for two weeks in their studio apartment in Athens, Greece. 

She continued to test negative on multiple PCR and rapid antigen tests, and a test she took 23 days after her partner’s confirmed infection 26 no antibodies in her blood.

“Every day I heard [from doctors] that maybe you have COVID,” she says, “but again and again, I tested negative.”

Despite both being vaccinated, her partner got COVID-19 again during the Omicron wave in January. Kaoukaki isolated with him for five days and again showed no symptoms and continued to 
test negative for the virus. That’s when she began to 27 an explanation.An online article led her to Evangelos Andreakos, an immunologist at the Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens. He is part of an international 28 called the COVID Human Genetic Effort that has been looking for genetic variations that might reveal why some people never get COVID-19. 

Although Andreakos and his colleagues didn’t expect to find many such individuals for their study, they were overwhelmed with emails from at least 5,000 volunteers worldwide with stories similar to Kaoukaki’s. Using saliva samples from the 20 percent of people who met their study criteria, Andreakos and his team will be scanning the protein-coding regions of genes in their DNA to spot any 29 that may be absent in the genetic sequences from patients who had severe or moderate cases of COVID-19. The hope is that some of these people 30 the secret to COVID-19 resistance.

“We expect it to be a rare population,” Andreakos says. “But there are precedents.”
 

IV. Reading Comprehension (20%)
The Ministry of Education in 2019 implemented a 12-year compulsory curriculum, also called the “108 curriculum.” Under the scheme, university admission requires not only taking the General Scholastic Ability Test, but also submitting an electronic learning portfolio, which includes records of courses, extracurricular activities and a catalog of experiences that a student acquires during the final three years of high school.

The portfolio is meant to reduce emphasis on test-oriented education by relieving the pressure of achieving high marks on exams. It is meant to help students present themselves to universities in the way a resume presents the best side of a person to an employer. This means that students need to begin exploring their interests and passions early in their high-school years by taking part in activities and groups.

The National Federation of Teachers’ Unions had concerns. For example, it said that National Taipei University of Technology was using the learning portfolio to create a commodity. The school was reportedly offering a five-day course priced at NT$8,000 to teach students how to prepare their portfolio documents and perform in an oral interview.

Although the university pulled the course from its Web site, the course was criticized for contravening admission ethics and turning the portfolio into an “arms race.” Parents, teachers and students have shared concerns about the necessity and fairness of the portfolio since it was launched. One criticism is that the portfolio favors wealthy families who can pay to put their children through elite extracurricular activities. Students from affluent families could send their children abroad to study during summer breaks, or enroll them in courses that offer respected certificates. Another concern is that families in urban areas are said to have an advantage over those 
in rural regions, given the opportunities and resources available in cities. A gap between private and public education also provides uncertainty. Private schools reportedly put more effort into motivating students to build their portfolios, partly by requiring a minimum number of activities to be completed each semester. Teachers have concerns about how to coach students to write the reflections and essays the portfolio requires. Others wonder how seriously university professors would consider these writings during the admissions process.

For students, their workload becomes more burdensome. They must juggle academic subjects while feeling required to feign passion in subjects in which they might have no interest. In other cases, students might feel compelled to divert energy away from their true interests, and toward more rigorous clubs and activities that might look better in their portfolio. One student said that the submission process was like turning their life into a story that could be compared with those of their peers.

While the portfolio of the “108 curriculum” was designed with good intentions, the ministry must monitor how the program is carried out, and whether its unintended consequences outweigh its proposed benefits.

31. How does the author shift the tones throughout the article?
(A) Judgmental → Apprehensive → Impartial → Sympathetic.
(B) Judgmental → Sympathetic → Apprehensive → Impartial.
(C) Impartial → Judgmental → Apprehensive → Sympathetic.
(D) Impartial → Apprehensive → Sympathetic → Judgmental.

32. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “contravening” in the fourth paragraph?
(A) To do something that a law or rule does not allow.
(B) To think that someone has done something wrong.
(C) To prevent something from continuing as expected.
(D) To intentionally become involved in a difficult situation.

In 2019, as Americans tuned in to the final episode of Game of Thrones, Japan was indulging in the world of a television hit, I Will Not Work Overtime, Period!. The TV show features a heroine,Yui Higashiyama, a 30-something project manager who wants nothing more than to get out of the office on time and into her favorite bar for happy hour. This rocks the fictional web design firm 
where she works—how could she dare to leave work at 6 p.m. sharp? 

In Japan, workers put in some of the world’s longest hours. In 2017 alone, over a quarter of the country’s full-time employees worked an average of more than 49 hours a week, according to a government report, effectively working six out of seven days. In some extreme cases, that commitment to the workplace can lead to death. In 2017, government data showed, overwork claimed 190 lives—in the form of exhaustion, heart attacks, suicides—a figure that has stayed more or less constant over the last decade.

The reasons people work so much are complex, said Yoshie Komuro, chief executive of Work Life Balance, a consulting firm that helps employers reduce their employees’ overtime. In addition to cultural attitudes about the value of hard work, some employers reduce costs by relying on overtime, and employees work longer hours for the extra pay and to please the boss—promotions often depend more on time spent at a desk than actual productivity. “I was extremely conscious that taking a break meant slacking off,” said Kaeruko Akeno, a writer whose novel inspired the show. “It took such a long time for me to accept the fact that it’s O.K. to not work on weekends or on weekday nights.” 

Ms. Akeno based the novel on her own experiences of office life in Japan. When Ms. Akeno graduated from college in the early 2000s, Japan was in a deep slowdown, and work was hard to find. Many people her age ended up bouncing between temp jobs or dropping out of the workforce entirely. People who came of age at the time “have insecurities about employment,” she said. “We fear that if we aren’t useful to companies, we will be discarded.”

The Japanese government has now taken measures to reduce long hours and change cultural norms around work. For instance, a new law took effect limiting overtime to no more than 45 hours a month and 360 hours per year, barring special circumstances. And Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry has promoted a program called Premium Fridays, asking employers to let employees leave a few hours early on the last Friday of every month.

Even though the government and younger workers are pushing for shorter work days, older employees who were raised on the idea that work trumps all just can’t seem to get comfortable with the idea of working a 40-hour week. What holds her co-workers back are employees and supervisors who simply cannot stop themselves. “Ultimately, the system always depends on someone pushing themselves to the limit,” one fan wrote on Twitter. “The problem is the Japanese system of work, where excess is the norm.” Ms. Akeno said that culture permeated other parts of Japanese life. “What is considered honorable isn’t how much you achieve, but how you manage to never take a rest,” she said.

When TBS announced the show’s title, some online commentators were appalled. “They were like, ‘Isn’t going home on time normal?’” said Junko Arai, the show’s producer. “‘If something so obvious is the basis for a drama, Japan’s in serious trouble.’”

33. Even if the Japanese government has taken action to stop people from working too long, people insist on doing this. What is the reason for such a phenomenon?
(A) The government’s policies fail to work and backfire.
(B) The company still does not allow workers to leave early.
(C) The idea of working long hours is ingrained in Japanese people.
(D) The Japanese really like their jobs and are willing to work overtime.

34. What can be inferred from Junko Arai’s quotation “If something so obvious is the basis for a drama, Japan’s in serious trouble.” in the last paragraph?
(A) It is now considered abnormal to work overtime.
(B) The problem of working overtime is getting worse.
(C) The problem of working overtime has not yet improved.
(D) The Japanese do not take working overtime as unusual.

Social scientists have long debated what drives human behavior. Do ideas, symbols, and beliefs influence behavior? Or are the forces of action and history less ethereal: money, circumstance, and opportunity, with culture a distant second? Scholars in the first camp are culturalists; in the second, materialists. 

In Rule Makers, Rule Breakers, the psychologist Michele Gelfand sides with the culturalists. In this book, her aim is to draw attention to one aspect she believes has been ignored: the social norms —or the often informal rules of conduct, the dos and don’ts, the sources of tsking and raised eyebrows —that emerge whenever people band together. According to Gelfand, cultures range from “tight” to “loose” in terms of adherence to rules. “Tight cultures,” she observes, “have strong social norms and little tolerance for deviance, while loose cultures have weak social norms and are highly permissive.”
Gelfand argues that mapping the tightness or looseness of cultures of various groups — nations, regions, social classes, corporations, and friendship circles — helps explain otherwise inexplicable 
phenomena. After examining societal norms, she broadens her analysis to include authoritarianism, inequality, political polarization and even the happiness of individuals.

Take authoritarianism as an example: Why did Egyptians vote overwhelmingly for Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in that country’s 2014 presidential election, choosing to be led by an autocrat just a few years after the democratic hopefulness of the Arab Spring? Gelfand argues that whatever a country’s baseline level of constraint (Egypt’s religious conservatism would put it near the tight end of the spectrum), it can adjust in response to shifting conditions. Threats, such as social instability, cause tightening. So it was in Egypt, she claims. The ouster of Hosni Mubarak and the political chaos that ensued sent Egypt’s society into a tailspin, leaving voters yearning for a strongman who could assert control and bring back order.

Making sense of long-term patterns in cultural tightness and looseness through the lenses of evolutionary anthropology, Gelfand observes that humans have evolved to be highly sensitive to rules, which provide a major evolutionary advantage as a way to facilitate collaboration. Gelfand’s research shows that when faced with natural challenges, high population density, and external dangers, civilizations tend to tighten up.

Despite the context she offers for how norms evolved, Gelfand consistently ignores materialist explanations for the various phenomena she investigates. Sure, aspirant strongmen can and do exploit voters’ anxieties about instability and change. But another crucial element in explaining why Sisi, Egypt’s former minister of defense, won 96 percent of the vote is that the military, determined to maintain its grip on the country and to keep billions of dollars in foreign aid flowing, banned the main opposition, the Muslim Brotherhood, after deposing Mohamed Morsi, the inept but democraticallyelected Islamist president who followed Mubarak in office.

The fact of the matter is that the very best research done today by social scientists straddles the culturalist-materialist divide. This work—Matthew Desmond on urban housing, Mario Luis Small on social networks and inequality, Kathryn Edin on poverty—highlights multi-factor causes and the intertwining of cultural and material influences. “Rule Makers, Rule Breakers” could have benefited 
from some of the same equilibrium and nuance.

35. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
(A) Are Social Norms the Key to Explaining Human Behavior? 
(B) When Cultures Are ‘Tightened,’ Authoritarianism Ensues 
(C) Three Factors to Consider When it Comes to Egypt’s 2014 Election
(D) Is Your Culture ‘Tight’ or ‘Loose’?: A Culturalist-Materialist Debate

36. According to Michele Gelfand, which of the following is NOT true?
(A) Social norms play a crucial role in explaining a variety of social phenomena.
(B) Humans’ sensitivity to rules benefits us because it helps us collaborate better.
(C) Sisi won Egypt’s presidential election since the military deposed Mubarak.
(D) Tight cultures have strict social rules and little tolerance for people to break them.

37. Why do the author mention the names of other scholars in the last paragraph? 
(A) To offer a list of further readings associated with materialist views.
(B) To inform readers of other better studies on the same subject.
(C) To show the author’s discontent about culturalist-materialist divide.
(D) To argue in favor of a more balanced approach to social studies.

More than 10 million adults in the United States suffer from some sort of phobia. These exaggerated fears—whether of spiders, needles, snakes, heights, social situations or even public spaces—can become so all-consuming that they interfere with daily life. What exactly is phobia? A phobia is an excessive and irrational fear reaction. If you have a phobia, you may experience a deepsense of dread or panic when you encounter the source of your fear. The fear can be of a certain place, situation, or object. Unlike general anxiety disorders, a phobia is usually connected to something specific and the impact of a phobia can range from annoying to severely disabling. People with phobias often realize their fear is irrational, but they’re unable to do anything about it. Such fears can interfere with work, school, and personal relationships. Seek the help of a doctor if 
you have a fear that prevents you from leading your fullest life.

The good news is that over the past several decades, psychologists and other researchers have developed some effective behavioral and pharmacological treatments for phobia, as well as technological interventions. Now researchers are taking the next step, says psychologist and phobia researcher Arne Ö hman, PhD, of the clinical neuroscience department at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden. They are using neuroimaging techniques like positron-emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to understand the brain circuitry that underlies 
phobia and what happens in the brain during treatment. They’re finding that the amygdala—a small, almond-shaped structure in the middle of the brain's temporal lobes—is a key player, and that malfunctions of the amygdala and associated brain structures may give rise to many phobias. Still, researchers have yet to work out the details of how this happens.

In addition, genetic and environmental factors are also found to cause phobias. Children who have a close relative with an anxiety disorder are at risk of developing a phobia. Distressing events, such as nearly drowning, can bring on a phobia. Exposure to confined spaces, extreme heights, and animal or insect bites can all be sources of phobias. People with ongoing medical conditions or health concerns often have phobias. There’s a high incidence of people developing phobias after traumatic brain injuries. Substance abuse and depression are also connected to phobias. Phobias have different symptoms from serious mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. In schizophrenia, people have visual and auditory hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, negative symptoms such as anhedonia, and disorganized symptoms. Phobias may be irrational, but people with phobias do not fail reality testing. 

38. Based on the passage, what is the difference between phobias and anxiety disorders?
(A) There is always a reason behind a phobia, but not an anxiety disorder.
(B) Even a doctor cannot provide any help to treat people with a phobia.
(C) Phobias have a greater impact on one’s life than anxiety disorders.
(D) A phobia may stem from something that does exist in the real life.

39. From the passage, how do PET and fMRI facilitate the research into phobias?
(A) Researchers have thus come up with some new ways to treat phobias.
(B) They have helped find amygdala plays a part in many phobias. 
(C) Sufficient details of how phobias occur have been provided.
(D) In Sweden people with phobias can be completely cured.

40. Based on the reading, which of the following may NOT be a symptom of people with phobias?
(A) Panic inside an elevator.
(B) Shake all over at high places.
(C) Hear sounds out of nowhere.
(D) Pass out when spotting a spider

參考答案

I. Vocabulary (12%)
1-5 6-10 11-12
CACAA BDCCC BB
II. Cloze Test (10%)
13-17 18-22
DBACA CABCD
III. Contextual Matching (8%)
23-26 27-30
A/E/C/BC AB/B/AC/D
IV. Reading Comprehension (20%)
31-32 33-34 35-37 38-40
DA CD ACD DBC

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國立中央大學附屬中壢高級中學 111 學年度第 1 次教師甄選英文科筆試題目卷 
Part One: Multiple Choice Questions (40%)
Choose the best answer to each question. Please mark your answer on the answer card using 2B pencil.
I. Vocabulary Test (10%)
1. With a rising awareness of food safety, consumer interest in organically and locally grown produce has in Taiwan during the past years.
(A) burgeoned (B) coalesced (C) evaporated (D) legislated

2. The newly opened candy shop is full of sweets. No child (or even adult) can resist the temptation of giving the various kinds of candies a try.
(A) auspicious (B) ludicrous (C) miscellaneous (D) treacherous

3. The two nations signed a(n) work rights agreement, thus facilitating the daily border crossings of workers from both countries. 
(A) hereditary (B) inscrutable (C) pecuniary (D) reciprocal

4. The girl student was punished with detention because she her private school’s rigid dress code by wearing a short skirt to class.
(A) acclaimed (B) impeded (C) salvaged (D) transgressed

5. The Michelin Guide has awarded one of its coveted stars to a French vegan restaurant for the first time. This restaurant has been handed the ____ in the newest edition of the culinary guide.
 (A) chimera (B) accolade (C) mendacity (D) notoriety

6. Lisa felt that her return from jail would be likely to ____ a collision with her conservative father; their conflicts would get worse than before. She thus decided to leave without saying good-bye.
(A) remonstrate (B) shunt (C) repudiate (D) precipitate

7. The show's high-budget, _______ production design by a world-famous team stunned all the audience worldwide. The marvelous cast and fabulous scenes in the show were dazzling.
 (A) tangential (B) unabashed (C) sumptuous (D) vehement

8. Racism is the belief that one race is _____ superior to another. This is certainly wrong. Every human being is born equal and deservesequal treatment.
(A) innately (B) externally (C) sporadically (D) marginally

9. This island has been suffering from “over-tourism”—the perceived congestion and bad influence brought by the massive _____ of tourists on the nature and residential areas.
(A) segregation (B) expulsion (C) diaspora (D) influx

10. Nancy was _____ by those around her because she broke the promise of keeping her best friend’s secret. They thought it was really an unethical act.
(A) complimented (B) reproached (C) endorsed (D) sanctioned

II. Blank Filling (8%)
Read the following article carefully and fill in each blank with an appropriate option from the box below. Each option can be used only ONCE.
第 11 至 18 題為題組
  Mathematics can be said to have begun with the invention of numbers and arithmetic, which is believed to have occurred around ten thousand years ago, with the introduction of money.
  Time passed. Over the 11 centuries, the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians expanded the subject to include geometry and trigonometry. In those civilizations, mathematics was largely 12 , and very much of a “cookbook” variety. (“Do such and such to a number or a geometric figure, and you will get the answer.”)
  The period from around 500 BCE to 300 CE was the era of Greek mathematics. The mathematicians of ancient Greece had a particularly high regard for geometry. Indeed, they treated numbers geometrically, as measurements of length, and when they discovered that there were lengths to which their numbers did not 13 (essentially the discovery of irrational numbers), their study of number largely came to a halt.
  In fact, it was the Greeks who made mathematics into an area of study, not merely a collection of techniques for measuring, counting, and accounting. Around 500 BCE, Thales of Miletus (Miletus is now part of Turkey) introduced the idea that the precisely stated assertions of mathematics could be logically proved by formal arguments. This innovation marked the birth of the theorem, now the bedrock of mathematics. This formal approach by the Greeks 14 in the publication of Euclid’s Elements, reputedly the most widely circulatedbook of all time after the Bible.
  By and large, school mathematics is based on all the developments listed above, together with just two further 15 , both from the seventeenth century: calculus and probability theory.Is school mathematics tantamount to mathematics? Anyone whose view of mathematics is 16 to what is typically taught in schools is unlikely to appreciate that research in mathematics is a thriving, worldwide activity, or to accept that mathematics does 17 , often to a considerable extent, most walks of present-day life and society. For example, they are unlikely to know which organization in the United States employs the greatest number of Ph.Ds. in mathematics. (The answer is almost certainly the National Security Agency, though the exact number is an official secret. Most of those mathematicians work on code breaking, to enable the agency to read 18 messages that are intercepted by monitoring systems—at least, that is what is generally assumed, though again the Agency won’t say. Though most Americans probably know that the NSA engages in code breaking, many do not realize it requires mathematics, and hence do not think of the NSA as an organization that employs a large number of advanced mathematicians.)

(A) correspond (B) ensuing (C) purloined (D) advances (E) permeate (AB) utilitarian
(AC) sophisms (AD) confined (AE) erudite (BC) culminated (BD) foregoing (BE) encrypted
 

III. Discourse (10%)
Everybody faces choices every day that carry a climate cost. Do we turn the lights on in the morning, or is the light of daybreak sufficient for finding matching socks? Do we feast on bacon and eggs for breakfast, or will a bowl of oatmeal suffice? There is much talk these days about the need to lead lower-carbon lifestyles. There is also lots of finger-pointing going on. However, who is truly walking the climate walk? The carnivore who doesn’t fly? The vegan who travels to see family abroad? If nobody is without carbon sin, who gets to cast the first lump of coal? If all climate advocates were expected to live off the grid, eating only what they grow themselves and wearing only the clothes they’d knitted from scratch, there wouldn’t be much of a climate movement. 19 

We don’t need to ban cars; we need to electrify them. We don’t need to ban burgers; we need climate-friendly beef. To spur these changes, we need to put a price on carbon, to incentivize polluters to invest in these solutions. Though air accounts for only a paltry 2% of global emissions, I doubt whether or not climate scientists should fly consuming far more than 2% of my Twitter timeline. 20 We have a job to do, after all. Still, a single scientist choosing to never fly again is not going to change the system. Purchasing carbon offsets for lights is a viable means of decarbonizing your air travel; nevertheless, the true solution, pricing carbon, requires policy change.

There is a long history of industry-funded “deflection campaigns” aimed to divert attention from big polluters and place the burden on individuals. 21 Nonetheless, to force Americans to give up meat, travel or other things central to the lifestyle they’ve chosen to live is politically dangerous. It plays right into the hands of climate-change deniers whose strategy tends to be to portray climate abettors as freedomhating totalitarians.
22 We need systematic changes that will reduce everyone’s carbon footprint, whether or not they care. The good news is that we have tactics to bring environmentally friendly options to fruition: pricing carbon emissions and creating incentives for renewable energy and reduced consumption. By putting a price on carbon, people can actually make money by reducing emissions, selling their services to corporations that are always looking for ways to cut costs. Never underestimate the resourcefulness of Americans when there’s a dime to save! A price on carbon needs to be designed so that marginalized communities most at risk from climate impacts aren’t adversely impinged on economically. 23 We need change not merely at the breakfast table but at the ballot as well.

(A)Meaningful change rarely happens with the galvanizing force of influential individuals.
(B) Swinging into action is important, which is indeed something we should all champion.
(C) Corporate commitments to sustainable growth and net-zero emissions are on the rise nowadays.
(D)This is why we really need political change at every level, from local leaders to federal legislators all the way up to the President.
(E) Unfortunately, sometimes doing science means traveling great distances, and we don’t always have the time or luxury to take slower lowcarbon options.
(AB) The bigger issue is that focusing on individual choices around air travel and beef consumption heightens the risk of losing sight of the gorilla in the room: civilization’s reliance on fossil fuels for energy and transport overall, which accounts for roughly two-thirds of global carbon emissions.
(AC) That level of sacrifice is unacceptable to most people.
 

IV. Reading Comprehension (12%)
24-26 題為一題組
When Gaudi died suddenly at the age of 73, struck down by a tram on a busy Barcelona street in 1926, the architect had been working on the Templo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia for 43 years. A religious organization hired the diocesan architect, Francisco de Paula del Villar, to build what was originally planned as a typical neo-Gothic church. But when Villar resigned a year after construction began, the project passed to Gaudi. Although he would go on to build several of Barcelona’s most iconic structures, including La Pedrera and Parc Guell, at the time, he had little more than a few lampposts and a shrine to his name. 

It didn’t take him long, however, to transform the Sagrada Familia’s original plans into an extraordinarily ambitious undertaking: a structure that would combine natural forms and Christian symbolism into a temple that, as Fauli (the head architect now charged with the task of completing the church) puts it, “expressed meaning not only through the sculpture and other decorations but through the architecture itself.” Gaudi was not a practicing Catholic when he received the assignment. But he became increasingly devout as he worked on it, eventually coming to see the very structure as a vehicle for Christian evangelism.

“My client,” Gaudi reportedly said, “is not in a hurry.” Aware that the Sagrada Familia would never be finished in his lifetime, he left extensive drawings and models for a building that, when complete, would fill an entire city block. He insisted on completing the Nativity entrance—even though there was not yet a nave to enter into—because he knew it would serve as a kind of inspirational advert for what was to come. He did not quite achieve the goal: that façade would not be finished until 1936. Otherwise, only the crypt, the apse’s façade and a single tower were complete at the time of his death. Everything else, including the remaining 17 towers and the central nave, remained undone.

For a long time, it stayed that way. During Spain’s 1936-39 civil war, construction stopped, and much of Gaudi’s preparatory work was destroyed. Even once it resumed, that were long stretches from the 1940s through the 1990s when insufficient funds—construction depended entirely on private donations—slowed or halted altogether the work. When Fauli joined the team as a junior architect in 1990, only three of the interior’s 56 columns and a handful of the windows had been completed. 

But that was before the miracle of modern tourism. Although many in Barcelona would eventually see them as a curse, the millions of travelers who began flooding the city at the start of the new century meant salvation for the Sagrada Familia. As the number of visitors rose—the church currently gets roughly 4 million per year, and each one pays an entry fee that ranges from $16 to $43—the foundation overseeing the basilica found itself in the unfamiliar position of having enough money to finish the main nave. A soaring expanse with treelike pillars and multicolored stained-glass windows that make it feel like kaleidoscopic forest, the nave was consecrated by Pope Benedict in 2010.

24. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
 (A) Gaudi was trusted with the mission because he was an architect of great reputation and piety toward God.
 (B) The booming tourism industry in Barcelona made it possible to resume the construction of the Sagrada Familia.
 (C) Gaudi had no regrets because he saw the completion of the Nativity entrance before he died. 
 (D) After the originally assigned architect died suddenly in a tram accident, Gaudi took over the job.

25. Several factors hindered the completion of the Sagrada Familia EXCEPT .
 (A) the extraordinarily grand, complicated plan by Gaudi
 (B) strong protests from other Catholic churches 
 (C) scarcity of financial support and resources
 (D) a war in which opposing groups of people in Spain fought each other

26. Which of the following would most likely be the topic proceeding the 5th paragraph?
 (A) Other architectural masterpieces designed by Gaudi.
 (B) The impact of a continuous surge of tourists on Barcelona.
 (C) Further obstacles to the completion of the basilica and their solutions.
 (D) Theological significance of different parts of the Sagrada Familia.

The Painting Robot is one of an increasing number of computer programs possessing remarkably creative talents. Classical music played by an artificial composer has had audiences enthralled, and even tricked them into believing a human was behind the score. Artworks created by a robot have been sold for millions of dollars and hung in prestigious galleries. Besides, the built software which produced art could not have been imagined by the programmer. 

Humans are the only species to exhibit sophisticated creative acts. Provided that these computer codes can be broken down, where do those leave human creativities? “This is the very question of the core humanity,” says Geraint Wiggins. It scares a huge number of people. They tend to be worried that it is carrying something special away from what it means to be human.To some extent, people are considerably familiar with computerized art. Yet, the question is where the work of the artist stops and the creativity of the computer begins. One of the oldest machine artists is Aaron, a robot which has had paintings displayed in London’s Tate Modern. It can pick up a paintbrush and draw on canvas on its own. Impressive, but it is still little more than a tool to realize the programmer’s own creative ideas. 

The designer of the Painting Robot, Simon Colton, is eager to ensure his creation doesn’t attract the same criticism. Unlike earlier ‘artist’ such as Aaron, the Painting Robot only needs minimal direction and can come up with its own conceptions by going online for material. The software runs its own web searches and trawls through social media sites. It starts to exhibit a sort of imagination too, creating pictures from scratch. One of its original works is an array of fuzzy landscapes, depicting trees and sky. Though some might say they have a mechanical look, Colton argues that such reactions stem from people’s double standards towards software-produced and human-produced art. After all, from his point of view, the Painting Robot painted the landscapes without referring to a photo. Software bugs can also bring about unexpected results. Some of the Painting Robot’s paintings of a chair came out in black and white, due to a technical glitch. This gives the work an eerie, ghostlike quality. Human artists like the prestigious Ellsworth Kelly are lauded for limiting their color palette, so why should computers be any different? 
27. What is the writer suggesting about computer-created works in the first paragraph?
(A) They have had more success in some artistic genres than in others.
(B) A huge amount of progress has been attained in this field.
(C) Humans’ acceptance of them can differ considerably.
(D) The progress is not as significant as the public believes them to be.

28. On the basis of Geraint Wiggins, why are many people worried by computer art?
(A) It contributes to a deterioration in human capability.
(B) It ultimately surpasses human art.
(C) It undermines a fundamental human quality. 
(D) It is aesthetically inferior to human art.

29. The writer regards the paintings of a chair as an example of computer art which 
(A) achieves a particularly striking effect. 
(B) highlights the technical limitations of software.
(C) displays a certain level of genuine artistic skill.
(D) closely resembles that of a renowned artist.
 

Part Two: Free Response Questions (60%)
Please read the instructions carefully and write your answers on the answer sheet.
 

V. Test Design: Cloze (20%)
Please read the following passage carefully, and then
(1) Summarize it into an essay of approximately 200 words. (10%)
(2) Then, based on your summary, design FIVE cloze questions. Underline the word(s) which you would like to turn into a blank, mark the question number, and provide four options—1 correct answer and 3 distractors. Remember to give the answers. (10%; 2% each question/answer item)
Please note that the targeted students are 11th-graders at CLHS.
 

Most People Will Add Something — Even When Subtracting Makes More Sense

Picture a bridge made of Lego blocks. One side has three support pieces, the other two. How would you stabilize the bridge? Most people would add a piece to the short stack, a new study suggests. But why not remove a piece from the taller stack? When it comes to Lego blocks, ingredients in a recipe or words in an essay, people prefer to add, not subtract.

People can be nudged to subtract instead. But effectively changing that preference seems to require reminders or rewards. That’s the finding of a new study. Its authors shared details of it in the April 8 Nature.

This preference for adding isn’t limited to building blocks, cooking and writing. It might also contribute to modern-day excesses. Think about cluttered homes, excess government rules and even a tendency to pollute, says Benjamin Converse, a behavioral scientist at the University of Virginia. He worries that because of this bias toward adding, “We’re missing an entire class of solutions.”

Converse was part of a team that first found this bias when they asked 1,585 participants to tackle eight puzzles and problems. Each could be solved by adding or removing things. One puzzle required shading or erasing squares on a grid to make some pattern symmetrical.In another, people could add or subtract items on a list of intended destinations to improve their vacation experience.

In each case, the vast majority of people chose to add, not subtract. For instance, of 94 participants who completed the grid task, 73 added squares, another 18 removed squares, and 3 simply reworked the original number of squares.

The researchers suspect that most people default to adding simply because subtracting never even comes to mind. But through a series of controlled trials, the team was able to nudge recruits toward the minus option.

In another experiment, the team offered 197 people wandering around a crowded university site. People viewed a Lego structure. It had a figure standing atop a platform with a large pillar behind her. A single block on one corner of the pillar supported a flat roof. Researchers asked the participants to stabilize the roof to avoid squashing the figure.

The researchers warned 98 participants that “each piece you add costs 10 cents.” Yet only 40 of them thought to remove the destabilizing block so that the roof could rest on top of the wide pillar below. The other 99 participants were told about the 10-cent cost of each extra block. But these people also learned “removing pieces is free.” That cue prompted 60 of them to remove the block.Practice did help participants call to mind that elusive option of removing (subtracting) something. In a variation on the grid test, where subtraction yielded the best solution, participants got three practice runs. When they performed the actual task, more people now chose to subtract squares than did those who worked this problem without practice.

Throwing unrelated information at people reduced the chance they would subtract something. In fact, people added even more when fighting information overload, the new study reports.

“When people try to make something better … they don’t think that they can remove or subtract unless they are somehow prompted to do so,” says Gabrielle Adams, a behavioral scientist who also works at the University of Virginia.

 

VI. Test Design: Reading Comprehension (10%) 
According to the following passage, make FIVE questions for a READING test. Each question needs to include FOUR multiple choices and please Underline the CORRECT answer for each question. Among the five questions, THREE of the questions are multiple choices, each with only ONE correct answer. TWO of the questions are MIXED questions. Charts, graphs, diagrams, pictures or other forms of statements can be used in the questions to test students’ reading comprehension. The test is targeted for the grade TEN and ELEVEN students.
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Sabrina started working for a male-dominated restaurant business two years ago. At first, even though she wasn’t a manager, she tried her best to help out with all the managerial work. She created staff schedules, opened up first in the morning, locked up at closing time, made deposits at the bank, waited tables, and even trained new employees. When an official managerial position became available five months later, she therefore felt confident enough to ask for a promotion. Her general manager’s shocking reply, however, was that “women make terrible managers.” Sabrina was just another victim of the “glass ceiling” effect. Sadly, many working women have, in one way or another, suffered from this subtle form of discrimination. 

In the past, it was common for women who had reached childbearing age to be considered less motivated and less disciplined than male employees or older females. This created an imperceptible but very real barrier to a female employee’s career advancement. Like an invisible lid or shield, this “glass ceiling” resisted the efforts of women to reach the top ranks of management in major corporations. To make matters worse, the see-through nature of the obstacle meant that women were constantly reminded of the opportunities they were missing out on. 

Nowadays, these long-standing, unconscious gender prejudices continue to keep this glass ceiling in place. Though patterns of employment, and society itself, may have changed a lot, many people don’t realize just how pervasive this glass ceiling still is, even decades into the 21th century. In many cases, this type of gender discrimination has, over time, become a systemic problem, an inherent part of company culture that organizations simply turn a blind eye to. 

Fortunately, there are also many companies and activists that are trying their best to ensure change. Thanks to new laws and greater awareness of the issue, many employers have been unable to blatantly discriminate against women. In addition, working women these days also try to break down the barriers by changing organizations with regard to unfair treatment. This can lead to discussion about professional areas where ceilings often exist, such as recruitment, skill assessment, pay gaps and promotion practices, and thus can also inspire reform. Empowered, modern female professionals who fall victim to a glass ceiling are also more likely to explore career alternatives. 
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VII. Course Design (10%)
For your reference: Wheel-in-action diagram of core competencies in Curriculum GuidelinesPlease use the following materials to design a course. The length of your course is not limited to one period. The first part
of your design contains the rationale and how the design is connected to the core value of the Curriculum Guidelines of the 12-Year Basic Education (4%). The second part is the worksheet you’ll use in class (3%). The last part is how the content of the worksheet is presented in your class (3%). Please design your lesson plan within 300 words.

The First Taiwanese Commencement Speaker of UC BerkeleyA bioengineering student from Taiwan became the first Taiwanese citizen to give a graduation speech at the University of California at Berkeley. The following is the full text of her speech.
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Greetings, family, friends, faculty, alumni, and Congratulations to the class of 2018! I stand before you as a less conventional choice for student speaker because I am not an engineer by training.

But before you start questioning the decision of the committee, I would like to tell you why we doctors and engineers share so much in common.

We both take time to ENJOY the little things in life, such as those little bugs in the human body and those little bugs in our code.We both LOVE working late into the night and on holidays, and we don’t stop when we are tired; we only stop once we’ve found a solution.But, it’s not just our achievements or the recognition we receive that motivate us. It is the real impact and indelible marks we leave on others’ lives that fulfill us.

On my first morning here, our program director laid out a table of tools ranging from a hammer to a measuring tape to a spoon, and instructed us to choose one without knowing what it was for. From there we got into groups for our “ice-breaking” session, which was literally, to break a giant ice block, using our tools, until it weighed exactly one kilogram. I looked down at my spoon in dismay.
Standing here now with all of you, my fellow graduates, I realize that we are facing a similar challenge. The world is changing unpredictably around us, faster than ever before, and the tools we have in hand may rapidly become outdated or simply not match the problems we are faced with.

When we got to Berkeley we each picked a discipline that matched our personal strengths, without knowing what tasks we will now encounter. Whether you picked a stethoscope, a calculator, or a pipette, I want to reassure you that we have learned far more at Berkeley, than just how to use a tool.

However things unfold from here on out, our mission will be accomplished, as we found out with the ice blocks, not by any single tool, but by our combined creativity, critical thinking and teamwork.
 

During a visit to Tibet, I met Yomei, a local student who had dropped out of school due to financial strains, even though the education was provided for free. I later learned she had to spend all of her time working in order to raise her siblings, although graduating was her dream. A year later as we were corresponding, I found out she had used all her extra savings to buy coal, to provide heat so the students who were forced to work in the summer could continue to learn during the freezing winter.

By being in the world’s best public university, we are all blessed with having more than one tool in hand to better the world. Yomei, who had almost nothing in hand, except for her own motivation and determination, made this world a little better than she found it.The world outside of Berkeley may be filled with people ready to tell you to be realistic. But the truth is, no one really knows what is possible 
until they actually try. As the great German philosopher Nietzsche noted, “He whose life has a why can bear almost any how.” It is all about our willingness to put one foot in front of the other, to brighten the lives of those around us. Scientist or artist, doctor or engineer, whatever your background may be, the same holds true for each of us: Life takes on the meaning that you give it.

This year we celebrate Cal’s 150th birthday, and are reminded of all the life-changing discoveries and miracles that have happened here. Here at Cal, we do not merely strive to meet the gold standard. Together, we create the new golden (bear) standard, which is not only to be a bright light for others to strive toward; but to make others around us shine brighter as well. Here at Cal, history has been made, and we’ve been given the power to shape the future, but there’s no way we could’ve gotten this far, or will achieve what’s to come, without all of you, who have been there for us since day one, and are still with us here today.

So now, on my last day here at Cal, if I were faced with the same “ice-breaking” challenge, I would worry less about which tool I’d choose, because it is not the tool in hand that matters, but the will in mind. My fellow bears, let’s take the light Berkeley has sparked in us, and go after our dreams, go better the world. Go bright, go bold, go brave, and, GO BEARS!
(Full text provided by Tsai-chu Yeh.)
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VIII. Composition Grading and Evaluation (10%)
Please follow grading rubrics from CEEC and (1) give grades on this writing, (2) correct the mistakes, (3) analyze the weakness of the writing, and (4) design a worksheet to show how you will teach or what you will do to help this student improve his/her writing skills?

IX. Essay (10%): Please write an essay of about 250 words on the following topic.
Smartphones can be both a great educational tool and a great distraction in the classroom. It should come as no surprise that almost every teenager in Taiwan owns or has access to a smartphone. This change in the way we interact with technology and integrate it into our lives has come dramatically and fast but it’s sometimes hard for teachers. More and more educators these days are incorporating modern technology and students’ own smartphones into their classroom to engage and excite students about learning. Many teachers, however, have complained that there are several problems they have now encountered while teaching with students distractively scrolling their smartphones in class. Please describe problems of students’ using smartphones in your class and the respective solutions to the problems listed. (Please limit your essay to less than 250 words.)

1. In the first paragraph, please elaborate on the problems you have once encountered.

2. In the second paragraph, please discuss what respective solutions you may use to solve the problems in teaching.

參考解答

引用官方公布題目，若有侵犯版權歡迎告知，立即下架

Part One: Multiple-Choice Questions (35%)
Please choose the best answer to each question and mark your answers using 2Bpencil on the answer sheet.
I. Vocabulary (12%)
1. It’s frustrating that the information provided to adoption agencies and prospective parents is often _____, confusing, or inaccurate.
(A) laudable (B) charismatic (C) dissolute (D) meager

2. For centuries people have used humor to make political points, deflate egos, and expose lies and hypocrisy. _____ is one form of humor, playing a starring role in the U.S.
(A) Parody (B) Apostrophe (C) Elegy (D) dénouement

3. Every lunar New Year, tradition-conscious Chinese spruce up their houses and _____ their surroundings with festive decorations.
(A) preempt (B) mutilate (C) embellish (D) interrogate

4. Around the fire, tribal elders chanted _____, which marks the beginning of the festival.
(A) grimace (B) incantation (C) elucidation (D) hallucination

5. The protest suddenly went out of control. When police tried to push back the crowd, a few youths _______ by throwing stones at them.
(A) levitated (B) inundated (C) retaliated (D) gravitated

6. Numbers are never my ______, but when it comes to word games, no one can ever beat me. 
(A) helm (B) forte (C) armadas (D) ethos 

7. Some choose to be a doctor out of passion, while some enter the profession for its ______. 
(A) ennui (B) credos (C) kudos (D) umbrage 

8. In the experiment, half of the participants were given actual medicine, while the other half a ______. 
(A) placebo (B) panacea (C) caveat (D) cynosure 

9. My grandma lost in thought recalling the ______ days of her youth, when she was free of worries. 
(A) innocuous (B) mettlesome (C) halcyon (D) equable 

10. Some teachers find it extremely ______ to be corrected by students, but in fact, we are not infallible.
(A) mortifying (B) sprightly (C) invidious (D) truculent

11. Flying once held great appeal for me, but after traveling ______ times, I am jaded. 
(A) luminous (B) turbid (C) rickety (D) umpteen

12. The ________ epidemic prevention help keep the virus at bay. 
(A) venomous (B) lethargic (C) lavish (D) scrupulous
 

II. Discourse (8%)
第 13 題至第 16 題為題組
Disney promised investors in spring 2019 that a new video-streaming service would win between 60m and 90m subscribers by 2024. 13 . In doing so it is fulfilling the digital-transformation plan set in motion three years ago by Bob Iger, Disney’s longtime boss, now its executive chairman.

Marketing muscle, crucial to success, has been backed up by “The Mandalorian”, a space western inspired by “Star Wars”. Such is its popularity that Disney was late meeting demand for a plush-toy of its baby Yoda character. 14 . Lockdowns mean extra hours to while away, notes Tim Mulligan of media Research.

Amid school closures Disney+ has been as trusty a baby-sitter as baby Yoda’s nurse droid. Of all the new streaming services Disney+, which launched in western Europe in March, just as lockdowns began, is the clear winner. Even so it has not touched the leader, Netflix, which has 195m subscribers worldwide and over 70m in America alone.

Disney’s other businesses have suffered because of the pandemic. Shuttered theme parks, closed cinemas and cancelled sporting events have taken their toll. In August Disney said covid-19 wiped out $3.5bn of operating profits at its parks, experiences and products division in three months. The company is expected to report another quarterly loss on November 12th, after The Economist went to press. 15 .

Disney+’s rapid success also underlines a doubt about the firm—whether Mr Iger’s choice of successor was correct. The favourite for the top job was Kevin Mayer, who designed and launched Disney+. Mr Iger chose Bob Chapek, a talented operating executive who had been running theme parks. “Given the runaway success of Disney+ it is even harder to understand how the theme park and home-entertainment executive got the top job,” says Rich Greenfield of LightShed Partners, a research firm. Mr Mayer left Disney this summer.

Will Mr. Chapek now bet heavily on Disney+? The firm as a whole lavishes nearly $30bn a year on original and acquired content but this year set aside only $1bn for Disney+. Netflix spends $15bn a year. The Disney service’s rich library is enough to keep under-tens engaged but it may lose subscribers unless it regularly offers original grown-up fare. Third Point, an activist investor, wants Disney to stop its dividend and spend the $3bn a year on Disney+.

Disney could do more than that if it went “all-in” on streaming, dropping its current system in which, for example, big-budget films go exclusively to cinemas, and putting everything it makes onto Disney+ at once. The service could then spend as much as Netflix and raise its price from $6.99 per month to over $10.

 16 . A more likely course is that Disney will move new content more rapidly onto Disney+. It could also combine Disney+ with Hulu, a separate and successful video-streaming service the firm took control of last year.

Disney is expected to announce in December that it will spend a lot more on content for the service. All eyes will be on whether Mr Chapek seems as tuned-in to streaming’s bright future as Mr Iger was.

(A) This would make for a huge global business but there is a danger that it would 
swiftly cannibalise the existing parts of Disney’s empire.
(B) The pandemic added a turbocharge, dashing fears that Disney+ and other new 
streaming services, like hbo Max and Apple tv+, might struggle to attract timestarved consumers.
(C) Disney+ has outperformed that forecast spectacularly, hitting its five-year 
subscriber target in just eight months.
(D) Yet the streaming service’s subscriber gains have helped shield the firm’s share 
price.
III. Reading Comprehension (15%)
第 17 題至第 21 題為題組
It’s been about half a century since the first transplant of bone marrow from a donor to a recipient was completed. Since then, bone marrow transplantation has become an integral part of care for many patients with persistent leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and other blood cancers, as well as noncancerous blood disorders such as sickle cell disease. Specifically, we are transplanting stem cells — nascent cells with the capacity to mature into functioning blood and immune system cells — from a matched or partially matched donor into the body of a patient whose own blood-forming system has been destroyed with toxic medication to make way for a healthy new system to grow and develop.

In recent years, however, our field has expanded to include other treatments that work in similar ways as bone marrow transplantation. They are collectively known as "cellular therapies" because they do one of three things: provide healthy new cells to replace diseased cells, release an influx of specially modified immune cells to teach the body's immune cells how to fight disease, or provide cells that connect immune cells with cancer cells they are designed to kill. Study after study has demonstrated how these approaches are extending patients' lives. This progression of therapies is reflected in bone marrow transplant services around the country, many of which — including our own at Hackensack University Medical Center — now include the words "cellular therapy" in their names.

It is an exciting time for those of us in the stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy field. For years, we have concentrated on improving the outcomes of stem cell transplants. We have significantly improved techniques to reduce the risk of graftversus-host disease, a potentially serious complication of transplantation that occurs when immune cells from the donor identify the tissues of the recipient as foreign and attack them, causing a host of inflammatory symptoms. We have learned which medications to give to prevent post-transplant infections such as cytomegalovirus, a common virus that can be damaging in people with compromised immune systems. We are using stem cells from umbilical cord blood to perform more transplants in adult patients. And we have matched more patients with donors by learning how to perform "haploidentical" transplants, where the patient receives a transplant from someone whose particular protein in their cells is partially matched with theirs. These advances are making stem cell transplantation a safer and more effective treatment option for 
more patients who need them.

But where we are really seeing a revolution in care is the field of cellular therapy — particularly CAR T-cell immunotherapy. Cancer cells have found ways to escape being detected and destroyed by immune cells. Immunotherapies work by helping the immune system find and kill cancer cells.

With CAR T-cell therapy, immune cells called T cells are removed from the patient, genetically modified in a lab to recognize and attach to certain targets on cancer cells, grown to larger quantities (hundreds of millions), and returned to the patient. There, the modified T cells can find, bind to and kill cancer cells. The treatment is given intravenously. Long after the patient goes home, however, his or her newly educated immune cells continue to detect and destroy cancer cells, which is why this treatment is often referred to as a "living therapy."

CAR T-cell therapies are typically administered in bone marrow transplantation units, and for good reason: Patients receive chemotherapy beforehand, which reduces the immune response. The treatment itself can cause immunologic side effects which, albeit temporary, can be severe — including high fever, body aches and chills. The administration of CAR T-cell therapies requires round-the-clock care from a specially trained and credentialed team. As bone marrow transplant specialists, our experience and knowledge of immunology enable us to recognize and manage the inflammatory complications that may result.

Current CAR T-cell therapies are FDA-approved for the treatment of recurrent or persistent diffuse B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma (which is a very aggressive and challenging cancer) in adults, as well as acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and young adults up to age 25. We are intrigued by other innovative cellular therapies under study in clinical trials, such as natural killer (NK) cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). These treatments are made from a patient's own tumor tissue, so it has already been exposed to the patient's own immune system. Immune cells within a tumor, which on their own were unable to kill the cancer, are isolated from tumor tissue removed during surgery, modified and multiplied in a lab, and returned to the patient with other medications to boost the immune response against cancer.

Not only is the technology getting better, but the types of tumors we are treating is broadening. New CAR T-cell therapies, NK and TIL treatments, and another approach that combines CAR T-cell and NK therapies may broaden the application of these "living therapies" to patients with solid tumors, including melanoma, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer. We're also looking at combining cellular immunotherapies with stem cell transplantation to augment the anticancer immune response even further.

It has been inspirational for us as bone marrow transplant professionals to be part of their development. What we're witnessing now is just the tip of the iceberg. We're only getting better at identifying the best immune cells and engineering them in the best fashion to harness the immune system in the most effective way. Discovery is exponential and the field of immunotherapy is growing at warp speed. It's not impossible to think that we're going to be curing cancer.

17. Which of the following is the best title for this article?
(A) Cellular Therapies Hit Their Stride in Cancer Care
(B) Immunotherapies: Game Changers in Chemotherapy
(C) Immunotherapies: A Watershed in the Treatment of Neurotic Disorders
(D) Cellular Therapies Hold Out the Promise of Improved Bone Marrow Transplants

18. Which of the following illustrations can best present the relationship among cellular 
therapies, bone marrow transplants, CAR T-cell immunotherapy, NK and TIL treatments?
第 6 頁，共 10 頁




19. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
(A) Stem cells can only be obtained from spinal cords.
(B) Solid tumors can’t be treated by CAR T-cell therapy yet.
(C) Post-transplant complications are caused by cells from unmatched donors.
(D) NK and TIL treatments involve growing and modifying patients’ cancerous cells.

20. A _____ transplant is a type of allogeneic transplant. For allogeneic transplants, your doctor tests your blood to find out your human leukocyte antigen (HLA)type. HLA is a protein — or marker — found on most cells in your body. They encode cell-surface proteins responsible for the regulation of the immune system.
(A) Haploidentical transplants
(B) Bone marrow transplants
(C) Stem cell transplants
(D) Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes treatments 

21. The author of this article is most likely to be _____.
(A)A journalist in Scientific American
(B) A doctor at a clinic 
(C) A recipient at a hospital 
(D)A specialist in a medical center 

Part Two: Free Response Questions (65%)
Please read the instructions carefully and use black or blue pen to write your answers.
IV. Chinese-English Translation (20%)
Please translate the following two Chinese passages into English.
1. 「過度囤積」是一種新型態的疾病，全世界約有 7% 的人口深受影響，且男性比女性還多：注重穿搭的人，會強調不同衣服搭配不同鞋款;看到賣場特價，總覺得「不買可惜」。家中的每個角落堆滿各式收藏品。很多囤積者其實是完美主
義者，他們害怕做錯決定，所以什麼都不丟。
近幾年來，「斷捨離」成為一門整理的藝術。「整理師」亦成為新興行業。取得合格證照的他們協助客戶依循系統化作法，重新定序空間，創造生活的清晰感。

他們點出一般人常有的錯誤觀念是從外面購買收納盒回家，將東西放進去，就覺得「眼不見為淨」。

然而，整理物品，實際上是與自我對話，重新認識自己、做好人生價值排序的一場心靈大掃除。「它的核心原則就是檢視可以讓你怦然心動的東西並將它們留下。」唯有透過丟棄跟清理的過程，方能領悟到最終不願捨棄的才是自己最珍愛的。 (15%)

2. 據英國研究團隊的一個報告顯示，打屁股對兒童大腦發育的影響類似於嚴重暴力虐待造成的後果。研究發現，受虐兒童在回應威脅時，大腦的特定區域活動會增強並可能影響他們的決策以及對局勢的分析能力。研究人員同時指出，體罰一直和心理健康問題、焦慮、憂鬱、行為問題及藥物濫用有關。 (5%)

V. Summary and Cloze Design (25%)
Please read the following article carefully. Then

1. Please summarize the article in about 150~200 words. This summary is intended for 11th graders. (15%)

2. Based on your summary, design 5 cloze questions. Please underline the word or phrase which you intend to turn into a slot. Each question must comprise FOUR options, with one being the correct answer and the other three, distractors. Please provide the answers at the end of this section. (10%)

On a drizzly December morning in Helsinki, Finland, 11-year-old Minh Anh Ho is hunched over a microscope. Her classmates are busy with other tasks. One is interviewing the mayor for a TV news station. Another is running the electric company. 

As a researcher for a company that repurposes plastic, Minh Anh is analyzing a sheet of cling wrap. “It’s a really important job,” she says. “Plastic takes a really long time to disappear, so it would be good to come up with something else to do with it and not just throw it away.”

The learning center where Minh Anh and her class are spending their day is designed to introduce kids to working life. Students run an imaginary town, with each kid doing a different job in a different business. Each year, roughly 83% of all sixth graders in Finland go through the program. It teaches them not just about business and working, but also, as Minh Anh’s “job” makes clear, about the circular economy.

Most societies have linear economies. They operate on a “take, make, waste” model. This is when natural resources are taken from the Earth and made into products. Anything leftover (along with the products themselves, when they are no longer useful) is usually thrown away.

In 2016, Finland became the first country to adopt a “road map” to a circular economy. This model focuses on the transformation of existing products. Businesses rely on recycled or repurposed materials and use less raw material to make their products. That reduces the amount of waste going into landfills.

“People think it’s just about recycling,” Nani Pajunen says. She’s a sustainability expert at Sitra, the group that has led Finland’s move toward a circular economy. “But really, it’s about rethinking everything—products, material development, how we consume.”Education has always been a central part of Finland’s plan. The key to changing a society, Pajunen says, is getting people to understand the need for a circular economy 
and how they can be part of it.

An educator named Anssi Almgren helped design the curriculum. “Children have so many great ideas,” he says. “We want to enable them to think about solutions.” But changing a society by educating its youth takes time. For example, Tina Harms, a middle-aged mother, had never heard of the term “circular economy.” Her daughter Karin, 19, says she has been aware of it “practically all my life.” Karin persuaded her family to work harder at recycling. At first, Tina was skeptical. Separating plastics was inconvenient.

But Tina has a different view now. “I think that if you have a teenager with very strong feelings about something,” she says, “it’s very demotivating if we older ones don’t show that we’re ready to make the extra effort to change.”

VI. Reading Comprehension Test Design (20%)
Please read the following article carefully. Then, please design 5 reading comprehension questions, which must include:

1. THREE multiple-choice questions. Each question must comprise FOUR options, with one being the correct answer and the other three, distractors. Please provide the answers at the end of this section. (10%) 

2. TWO competency-oriented (素養導向) questions. Please provide the keys to the questions. (10%)
—THIS IS THE END OF THE TEST

英文科參考答案
Part One: Multiple-Choice Questions (35%)
I. Vocabulary (12%)
1. DACBC
6. BCACA
11~12. DD
II. Discourse (8%)
13~16. CBDA
III. Reading Comprehension (15%)
17~21. ACBAD
Part Two: Free Response Questions (65%)
IV. Chinese-English Translation (20%)
1.
“Excessive hoarding” has been listed as a new disease, deeply affecting about 7 
percent of the population around the world, and the number of males is more than 
females: People who are fashion conscious emphasize that different outfits call for 
different shoes; it seems to them that not buying items on sale would be a waste.
Variegated collections are piling up high in every corner in the house. Many hoarders 
are perfectionists. They are afraid of making the wrong decision, so they don’t throw 
anything away.
Over the past few years, “to cut, to abandon, to leave/decluttering” has turned into 
an art of organization. A new emerging industry, “professional organizers,” is also rising 
up. Accredited organizers help clients reorder space and create systems in order to 
achieve a sense of clarity in their lives. They point out that people have the 
misconception that all they need to do is buy new storage units and then they stuff them 
with possessions. Their thinking is “out of sight, out of mind.”
However, tidying up is about self-discovery, having a conversation with yourself,
and claiming what we value by experiencing the joy of finding more space in our lives.
“Its core principle is to identify the things that spark joy in your heart and keep them.”
Only through the process of discarding and tidying will people realize that the things 
we’re most unwilling to part with are what we cherish the most. (15%)
2.
According to a study led by British research teams, spanking may affect a child’s 
brain development in similar ways to more severe forms of violence. The research 
shows that heightened activities could be found in certain regions of the brains of 
children who experience abuse in response to threat, and this may affect their abilities 
of making decisions and analyzing situations.
Meanwhile, the researchers pointed out that corporal punishment has been linked 
to mental health issues, anxiety, depression, behavioral problems, and drug abuse. (5%

引用官方公布題目，若有侵犯版權歡迎告知，立即下架

Part 1: English Reading Skills(50%, 2.5% for each question)
(I)
Directions: Read the following text and then select the best answer for each question. 

Special Features of Websites 
You can use the text structure, or special features, of a Web site to navigate the site quickly and to find the information you need. Text structures include: 
• Links 
Connections to other spots on a Web page, to other pages on the Web site, or even to other Web sites. A link can be underlined or highlighted words, an image, or a photo. When you roll your cursor over a link, it turns into a hand. 
• Icons 
Images or small drawings that may appear alone or with words. Many icons are links. 
Click on an icon, and you will be led to more information on a topic or to another page in 
the Web site. 
• Graphics 
Pictures, maps, and other visual features are a big part of many Web sites. Graphics provide information; sometimes they are also links to other Web pages.

1. _______ You go to the Web site for a zoo named ZuluZoo and see icons across the top of the page. 
 Which would you click on to find out what time the zoo opens? 
(A) a picture of a monkey 
(B) a picture of a clock 
(C) a link to watches 
(D) a picture of a public bus 

2. _______ You want to find out about special exhibits at ZuluZoo. 
 What would be the best way to find that information at the zoo’s Web site? 
(A) Look for highlighted or underlined words that say, “Special Exhibits.” 
(B) Check the Web address to make sure you are at the right page. 
(C) Look for graphics that have a special design. 
(D) Click on an icon to navigate to ZuluZoo. 

3. _______ When you click on an icon of a compass, a map of ZuluZoo appears. 
 What is this map an example of?
 (A) an icon 
 (B) a link 
 (C) a Web site 
 (D) a graphic 

4. _______ You click on an icon of a monkey and go to ZuluZoo’s Web page about monkeys. 
 What would you do to get to ZuluZoo’s Web page on Bengal tigers? 
(A) look for a map of the Web site 
(B) look for a link to another zoo 
(C) look for an icon of a tiger 
(D) look for paw prints on the home page 

5. _______ You visit the Web site of a museum. You want to find out the cost of admission to the museum. 
What would lead you to the answer? 
 (A) an icon with a dollar sign 
(B) a link that says “Admission” 
(C) a graphic of a ticket booth or a cash register 
(D) Any of the above text features could lead you to the answer. 

6. _______You are exploring a museum’s Web site. Which of the following would lead you to information on past modes of transportation? 
(A) an icon of the sun 
(B) an icon of a wheelchair 
(C) a link that reads “Trains and Trails” 
(D) a chart that includes photos of modern cars 

7. _______ If you clicked on the icon of a snowflake at the museum’s Web site, what information would it probably lead to? 
(A) information about life in a pond 
(B) information about winter activities at the museum 
(C) information about the history of the museum 
(D) information about activities at a ski resort in Japan 

8. _______If you read all the information about birds on the museum’s Web page and still wanted to know more, what text feature might you look for? 
(A) graphics, such as a photo gallery, that feature pictures of trees 
 (B) a link that will take you to articles about birds on other Web sites 
(C) an icon with a picture of a house, which will take you to the home page 
(D) a link that will take you to nature games and crafts 

9. _______What is the meaning of the word ‘links’? 
(A) images of a pathway 
 (B) connections to other spots on the Web site, often appearing as highlighted words 
 (C) pictures which will take you to the home page 
(D) graphics, such as a photo gallery 

10._______Which of the following IS NOT an example of a website feature? 
(A) a framed painting of a movie celebrity’s pet 
(B) connections to other spots on the Web site 
(C) images that can lead you to more information 
(D) pictures, maps, and other visual features of Web sites 
 

(II)
  A record-breaking heat wave is sweeping South Asia, threatening lives of hundreds of millions of people. To understand what heat waves mean for people physiologically, researchers use the “wet-bulb temperature,” which combines both heat and humidity to account for how the human body experiences extreme heat. At a wet-bulb temperature of about 90 degrees F, labor becomes unsafe, and if it climbs past 95 degrees F, the body can no longer cool itself, leading to illness and even death. If global temperatures rise 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.5 degrees F), as some projections show, South Asia could experience more than twice as many unsafe-labor and life-threatening temperatures than it does today. Limiting temperature rise to 1.5 degrees C (about 2.5 degrees F) will halve this exposure, but millions in the region will still be vulnerable to extreme heat stress. This isn’t a hypothetical future problem. The past nine years have all been among the top 10 warmest on record. This year heat waves came earlier than ever for South Asia, setting a March record. Heat waves in India have caused the death of at least 6,500 people since 2010. In 2015 alone about 3,500 people died in India and Pakistan during the fifth deadliest heat wave ever recorded.
 

  As the world heats up, billions of people need air-conditioning. Understandably, this has created anxiety over the climate threat of a world overrun with ACs. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the world is projected to add another four billion AC units by 2050, largely driven by demand in emerging economies such as India and Indonesia. Air conditioners can be quite energy-intensive. In fact, AC could account for 20 to 44 percent of the peak load in India’s power grid by 2050. If this power is supplied by fossil fuels—and in areas of highest growth, including India and Indonesia, it usually is—the increase will have substantial impacts on global greenhouse gas emissions.
 

  These projections are scary. Could the need for cooling wind up cooking the planet? Instead of regarding the trend as a threat, this should be seen as an opportunity to explore greener cooling technology and encourage the adoption of renewable energy. Manufacturers and governments must innovate to develop affordable and efficient AC technology using refrigerants with lower climate impact. In addition to setting efficiency standards, governments must invest in driving down the cost of higher-quality air conditioner models. Switching to alternative refrigerants can also reduce cooling emissions significantly in the coming decades. Cooling does not have to blow the carbon budget. In fact, if leveraged correctly, it could be a driver of equity, economic growth and the transition to clean energy.

11._______ Which of the following about the first paragraph is NOT true?
 (A) “Wet-bulb temperature” is an indicator used to reflect the extent to which people can endure  heat.
 (B) People lose the ability to maintain body temperature if wet-bulb temperature exceeds 95  degrees F.
 (C) That global temperatures rise to 1.5 degree C is a probable future problem, according to the  author.
 (D) In 2010 alone, heat waves have claimed lived of at least 6500 in India, according to the  record.

12._______ What might be the author’s attitude towards more AC units?
 (A) Optimistic (B) Indifferent
 (C) Pessimistic (D) Neutral

13._______ What does this refer to in the last paragraph?
 (A) The projections of the greenhouse gas emissions.
 (B) AC units ending up cooking the planet.
 (C) Viewing the rising temperature as a threat.
 (D) The opportunity to explore renewable energy.

14._______ How does the author end the passage?
 (A) By pointing out the threat of the growing temperature.
 (B) By promoting eco-friendly refrigerators and cooling systems.
 (C) By encouraging manufacturers and governments to take actions.
 (D) By providing specific numbers and figures to prove the author’s point.

15._______ Which of the following is the most likely source of this passage?
 (A) A science news website.
 (B) A school newsletter.
 (C) A medical journal.
 (D) An economic study.
 

(III)

  Many companies are becoming more flexible with when and where their employees can work, but not everyone is crazy about it. Here's what several told us:

Case 1: Robert Allenby is the managing partner of a law firm in San Diego. And his firm plans to let most staff work from home a couple of days a week. "We've gone through the looking glass. So many of the fears people had about letting employees work from home have proven not to be worthwhile," Allenby said. "We have not lost productivity or profitability. More importantly, we have gained an improved morale."

16. _______ In what order do the following contents appear in the passage?
a. Irreplaceable face interaction. b. Team spirits and productivity: Both secured.
c. More work for the managers. d. Keeping track of team members: annoying job.
(A) b→d→c→a
(B) a→c→b→d
(C) a→d→c→b
(D) b→c→a→d

Case 2: Lori Smith supports greater flexibility for employees, but said one downside of remote work was having to always chase select team members down. Smith, who was managing 40 assistants at a bank, said most of her team performed well, but the few who were not exhausted her. "I would call a person during business hours, expecting them to answer the phone and might not get a callback for several hours," Smith said. "Sometimes, they were quote 'busy' or had to run an errand, and sometimes they didn't have any excuse." But she believes her team will do well with the hybrid mode, since up to 70% of their work can be done remotely.

Case 3: Dennis Meyer, a freelance television producer in Los Angeles who line-produces and manages budgets for shows like the Grammy Awards sees value in working from home, especially when the specific task doesn't require someone to be on site. But having everyone work from home on some days as a matter of course can mean he ends up doing things he'd normally delegate. "You're always weighing, 'Isn't it just faster if I do it myself?'" Meyer said. "Nothing is faster or more practical than just looking across the room and talking to someone with your voice. The instant you have to pick up a phone or write a message you're wasting valuable time."

Case 4: As a manager of a call center for an education company, Diana Garrett would prefer a hybrid situation to the all-remote one she is in now. Garrett had only been in her job three months and was working at the Arizona office full-time when the pandemic struck. Consequently, she's only met 12 people in-person from her current team of 25. Everyone else has been hired since and they no longer are all based in the same state because the Arizona office was closed. The lack of personal interactions makes her job harder and more time consuming, she said. "What could have been a 5-minute conversation in the office now takes double the time, if not more." And being on site with her team would make it easier for her to know exactly when they need support from her. "A lot of my time is now spent discovering things I may or may not know. I would prefer some in face interaction. I find myself a lot more stressed."

17. _______Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
(A) Robert Allenby’s company embraced the remote work style at the very beginning of the pandemic.
 (B) Lori Smith’s team members were quite busy when they work from home.
 (C) Diana Garrett was a new manager and needed more time to support her team.
 (D) The lack of personal interactions with her team stressed Diana Garrett out.

18. _______Which of the following comments might be from Dennis Meyer?
 (A) “The worry of working from home is unnecessary.”
 (B) “Working remotely just doubles my work time.”
 (C) “I miss getting in a conference room with my team.”
 (D) “What a waste of time to do all the things on my own.”

19. _______ According to the passage, who is more likely to support the all-remote work condition?
 (A) Robert Allenby.
 (B) Lori Smith.
 (C) Dennis Meyer.
 (D) Diana Garrett.

20. _______ Which of the following is closest in attitude towards working from home to Case 5?
(A) Robert Allenby.
(B) Lori Smith.
(C) Dennis Meyer.
(D) Diana Garrett.

Part 2: English Grammar and Writing Skills(50%, 2.5% for each question)
(I)
21. _______Choose the sentence that is written with the correct punctuation. 
 (A) When John graduates, from university, he wants to be a teacher. 
 (B) When John, graduates from university he wants to be a teacher. 
 (C) When John graduates from university, he wants to be a teacher. 
 (D) When John graduates, from university he wants, to be a teacher. 
 

Case 5: Rene Cortes manages a sales and support team of about a dozen people for a medical device maker. Cortes said his own work-from-home experience this past year has been enlightening. He used to fear that people would assume he wasn't as productive working remotely. But he discovered that was unfounded. "I'm just as productive as before and saved a lot of commuter time that I can use to support my customers and reps," Cortes said. Before the pandemic, he used to fly for work a lot, and take business calls in airports, he noted. "Now I have a quiet space at home when someone calls. I'm able to be more effective and not be distracted."

22. _______ Choose the sentence that is written with the correct punctuation. 
 (A) “Okay,” instructed the teacher, “let’s pack away the tablets.” 
(B) “Okay,” instructed the teacher let’s pack away the tablets.” 
 (C) “Okay,” instructed the teacher, let’s pack away the tablets.” 
(D) “Okay,” instructed the teacher “Let’s pack away the tablets.” 

23. _______ Choose the sentence that is written with the correct capitalization. 
(A) Dad and Uncle Bob went to see the statue of liberty. 
(B) Dad and uncle Bob went to see the statue of liberty. 
(C) Dad and uncle Bob went to see the Statue of Liberty. 
(D) Dad and Uncle Bob went to see the Statue of Liberty. 

24. _______ Choose the sentence that is written correctly. 
(A) Do you know how to separate the noisy students in class? 
(B) Do you know how to seperate the noisy students in class? 
(C) Do you know how to separate the noisey students in class? 
(D) Do you know how to sepperate the noisy students in class? 

25. _______ Choose the sentence that is written correctly. 
(A) It seems mirraculous that little Ben is already 14 years old! 
(B) It seems miraculous that little Ben is allready 14 years old! 
(C) It seems miraculous that little Ben is already 14 years old! 
(D) It seems miraculous that little Ben is already 14 year’s old! 

26. _______ Choose the sentence that is written with the correct capitalization. 
(A) Do you live south of Taichung City? 
(B) Do you live South of Taichung City? 
(C) Do you live south of taichung city? 
(D) Do you live south of Taichung city? 

27. _______ Choose the salutation that is written correctly. 
(A) Dear mr. Smith, 
(B) Dear Mr Smith 
(C) Dear Mr. Smith, 
(D) Dear Mr. Smith 

28. _______ Choose the word or words that best complete the sentence. 
 Which is the _________________ of the two rulers?
(A) long 
(B) longer 
(C) longest 
(D) more long 

29. _______ Choose the word or words that best complete the sentence. 
 Each of the boys _________________ a pen. 
(A) need 
(B) is needing 
(C) needs 
(D) are need 

30. _______Choose the word or words that best complete the sentence. 
 Everyone _________________ going on the field trip. 
(A) are 
(B) is 
(C) will 
(D) be 
 

(II)
  Children with strong family connections are associated with a high likelihood of flourishing in life, a new study found. Children with the greatest level of family connection were over 49% more likely to flourish compared with those with the lowest level of family connection, according to the study. 31 It's not enough to have depression and anxiety to live a good life, according to Elaine Reese, a professor of psychology at the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, who was not involved in the study. "A good life entails 32 having a sense of purpose and meaning, which is what the flourishing scale in this study measured," she said.

  The highest scores in both family connection and flourishing came from children who said they live with both parents, have enough food or never have their family worrying about finances. Researchers then controlled the data for families' poverty levels, 33 and included financial circumstances and food insecurity, to remove the effect they may have had on the numbers. After controlling for these factors, the strength of family connections still impacted how much children flourished.
 

  [1] Adults have a very powerful influence on the emotional climate in the home, so it's important to create a space where children feel seen and heard, said Dr. Robert Whitaker, director of the ColumbiaBassett research program at Columbia University in New York City. 34 A great opportunity to strengthen family bonds is around the dinner table. Adults should create an environment where children feel comfortable speaking freely. [2] While they are talking, grown-ups should show that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying and try to suspend judgment, Whitaker added.
 

  Adults do not need to make grand gestures to bond with their children, Reese said. [3] Having meaningful conversations is more important for your connection than taking them on expensive trips, she said. Silence is 35 thus another powerful form of communication, he said. Children and parents or their caregivers spending time together in silence or even running an errand or doing chores can create a connection. "We don't necessarily need to fill those moments with chatter or the radio," he said.
31. _______
(A) NO CHANGE (B) It is not enough to not to
(C) It is never too much to (D) It is too much to

32. _______
(A) NO CHANGE (B) to have
(C) to have had (D) that to have

33. _______
(A) NO CHANGE (B) included
(C) including (D) to include

34. _______
The writer is considering moving the sentence. Where should the writer move the sentence?
(A) NO CHANGE (B) [1]
(C) [2] (D) [3]

35. _______
(A) NO CHANGE (B) also
(C) then (D) yet
 

(III)
  The weight-loss idea is appealing: Limit your eating to a period of six to eight hours each day, during which you can have whatever you want. Studies in mice seemed to support so-called time-restricted eating, a form of the popular intermittent fasting diet. Small studies of people with obesity suggested it might help shed pounds. But now, a one-year study 36 in which people followed a low-calorie diet between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. or consumed the same number of calories anytime during the day 37 hasfailed to find an effect. The bottom line, said Dr. Ethan Weiss, a diet researcher at the University of California, San Francisco: “There is no benefit to eating in a narrow window.”

  The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, 38 led by researchers at Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China, and included 139 people with obesity. Women ate 1,200 to 1,500 calories a day, and men consumed 1,500 to 1,800 calories daily. To ensure compliance, participants were required to photograph every bit of food they ate and to keep food diaries. Both groups lost weight — an average of about 14 to 18 pounds —but there was no significant difference in the amounts of weight lost with either diet strategy. There also were no significant differences between the groups in measures of waist circumference, body fat and lean body mass. The scientists also found no differences in 39 such risk factors like blood glucose levels, sensitivity to insulin, blood lipids or blood pressure. “These results indicate that caloric intake restriction explained most of the beneficial effects seen with the time-restricted eatingregimen,” Weiss and his colleagues concluded.

  Christopher Gardner, director of nutrition studies at the Stanford Prevention Research Center, said he wouldn’t be surprised if time-restricted eating 40 nonetheless worked on occasion. “Almost every type of diet out there works for some people,” he said. “But the take-home supported by this new research is that when subjected to a properly designed and conducted study — scientific investigation — it is not any more helpful than simply reducing daily calorie intake for weight loss and health factors.”
36. _______
(A) NO CHANGE (B) when
(C) which (D) , which

37. _______
(A) NO CHANGE (B) had
(C) have (D) having

38. _______
(A) NO CHANGE (B) leading
(C) was led by (D) had been led by

39. _______
(A) NO CHANGE (B) such risk factors, like
(C) such risk factors, as (D) such risk factors as

40. _______
(A) thus (B) nonetheless
(C) then (D) moreove

參考答案

引用官方公布題目，若有侵犯版權歡迎告知，立即下架

國立宜蘭高級中學 111 學年度第 1 次教師甄選英文科初試
I. 單字題 (15%)：請依下列四個選項中，選出一個最符合題意的答案。請直接於下列答案區作答，未寫在
答案欄中不予計分。
1. Biofilms are________ in nature and more than 60% of all microbial infections are now believed to involve biofilms.
(A) preposterous (B) ubiquitous (C) contentious (D) ambiguous 

2. As _________ as it is popular, from the beginning drill has been accused of encouraging violence among its youthful audience
(A) contractile (B) contractual (C) controversial (D) contagious

3. Further, one or a few of the foods may have served as a common source of contamination from which the flies 
_________ bacteria.
(A)discriminated (B) dissimulated (C) dissipated (D) disseminated

4. Proportionality cannot be the issue because the doctrine of double effect was designed to _________ people from the wrong of intending a forbidden act.
(A) exhilarate (B) exasperate (C) excrete (D) exculpate

5. It can be tempting to view our gut instincts as a kind of mysterious ‘sixth sense’, but there is no need to appeal to the _________ to explain intuition
(A) paraphrase (B) paranormal (C) paraplegia (D) paraphernalia 

6. Our culture teaches us to be _________ to our parents; we are not allowed to confront our parents even if they are wrong. 
(A) subservient (B) transient (C) insentient (D) prevalent 

7. Unemployment is highly _________ with education levels. People with further education have higher earnings and lower rates of unemployment than those with less education.
(A) conflated (B) correlated (C) alienated (D) humiliated 

8. The study indicates the effect of gender on loneliness. Females are _________ while adult males prefer being solitary.
(A) punctilious (B) supercilious (C) vicarious (D) gregarious 

9. Though the novel has written with high _________ to historical facts, the author has obviously added a little spice to the character. 
(A) fidelity (B) propriety (C) depravity (D) profundity 

10. Although the world is opposed to the recruitment of _________ in wars, the use of them in wars is deeply rooted in history.
(A) adversaries (B) votaries (C) mercenaries (D) luminaries 

11. The _________ of Kavalan heritage on the old school site of National Ilan University has inspired the local people with the awareness of historical conservation. 
(A) exemption (B) excavation (C) execution (D) elaboration

12. To build a good brand image for the corporation, successful marketing strategies, such as designing a remarkable logo, are_________ to achieve this goal. 
(A) inexplicable (B) indispensable (C) incompatible (D) indistinguishable

13. With the prevalence of internet use, how to counter the potential problem of cyber harassment has become a(n) _________ issue. 
(A) unregenerate (B) inconceivable (C) predatory (D) pressing

14. For the young entrepreneurs with _________ financial resources, starting with a mobile business is more practical than running a brick-and-mortar one. 
(A) insufficient (B) inconceivable (C) inconvincible (D) indomitable

15. The making of a genius with a creative mind is usually attributed to his/her natural _________ rather than personal 
efforts. 
(A) enigma (B) entrapment (C) endowment (D) enfeeblement
 

Answer Section: 
(1) B (2) C (3) D (4) D (5) B
(6) A (7) B (8) D (9) A (10) C
(11) B (12) B (13) D (14) A (15) C
 

II. 單字填空 (15%)
Part A: 請依句意選出最佳選項並依照題意、文法進行適當修改。請直接於下列答案區作答，未寫在答案欄
中不予計分。
contrive secular apparatus interceptrudimentary conducive propagate instigateelectorate impending inversely lumbering
1. Some great works were produced during the financial ruin of ________ World War II.

2. Medical ________ are so innovative that they are revolutionizing how doctors diagnose and monitor medical conditions.

3. The expert said that high rainfall amounts, intense winter storms, and steep terrain areas are all ________ to land sliding, which is also found to be especially high in the median range of elevation.

4. Scientists claimed that the possible reason why a tsunami not only 1)________ at high speeds, but also travels great distances with limited energy loss is that the rate at which a wave loses its energy is 2)________ related to its wave length.
5. The 1)________ shelters standing out along this river bank were assumed to be built by prehistoric people who probably had taken regimented constructing training 2)________ by people from other villages.
 

Answer Section:
(1) impending (2) apparatuses (3) conducive
(4-1) propagates (4-2) inversely (5-1) rudimentary (5-2) contrived
 

Part B: 請依文章文意及提示，填入適當的單字。請直接於下列答案區作答，未寫在答案欄中不予計分。
  Kids these days don’t get to be kids anymore, say the adults who remember a childhood free from the rules, oversight and digital pressures today’s young people (1) n e. In some ways, it may be true. The average parent allows their child a smartphone at age 10, opening up a world (2) i e to previous generations, with unlimited access to news, social media and other privileges previously reserved for adults, forcing them into emotional maturity before they reach adulthood.There’s a term for it: ‘KGOY’ or ‘kids getting older younger’, meaning children are more savvy than previous generations. Rooted in marketing, the idea is because of KGOY, kids have greater brand awareness, so products should be (3)a sed to children rather than their parents. The theory has been around since the noughties, and ever since, experts have attempted to prove out the early demise of childhood by pointing to causes ranging from the age at which they get a smartphone, to the fact that kids are now watching more adult television programs, to the problem of teenage girls being pressured to think about their appearance due to greater (4) e e to beauty ideals on social media.
 

Yet though many worry that kids may seem to be growing up too quickly, there’s also evidence that they could, in fact, be maturing more slowly. Gen Z are (5) c tly reaching traditional markers of adulthood such as finishing education and leaving home later than previous generations, and studies have shown that teenagers are (6) e in ‘adult’ activities such as having sex, dating, drinking alcohol, going out without their parents and driving much later than previous generations. Technology may be exposing kids to more, making them (7) i lly savvier. Yet whether they are actually growing up more quickly may be a matter of (8) p e. It may also be time to update what we think of as the milestones of maturation, and what it really means to grow up fast.
 

Answer Section: 
(1) navigate (2) intangible/inaccessible (3) advertised (4) exposure
(5) consistently/ constantly (6) engaged/ engaging (7) intellectually (8) perspective
 

III. 閱讀測驗 (8%)：請依文章及題意選出一個最佳答案。請直接於下列答案區作答，未寫在答案欄中不予
計分。
Currently the focus of research into artificial intelligence (AI) is on relatively limited applications, including guiding airplanes and missiles, understanding language, detecting credit card fraud, and diagnosing medical conditions from electrocardiograms. While these avenues certainly contain promise for commercial and industrial interests, the populace at large typically is more interested in a slightly less consequential application of AI. In 1997, Deep Blue, a chess playing computer program, defeated grand master Gary Kasparov in a tournament, marking the first time a computer was able to best a human world champion.

But these more “frivolous” applications of AI are actually valuable indicators of the state of technology. Computer engineers are constantly reviving and reinventing the programming algorithms in an effort to make computers think more like people do. And the exponential increases in processing and storage technology are allowing artificial intelligence researchers to greatly increase the power of AI programs while simultaneously reducing the size and computing needs of the machines. For example, the Deep Blue program required 256 specialized processors to analyze the millions and millions of combinations of moves. Each of these processors was about one hundred times faster than a standard home computer, which means Deep Blue was about 25,600 times faster than a 1997 personal computer.Only five years later, in 2002, AI engineers unleashed a new chess playing program, Deep Fritz. Deep Fritz played Vladimir Kramnik, the highest ranked chess player in the world, to a draw, but this result was anything but a failure to the AI community. Whereas Deep Blue required 256 processors to achieve its victory, Deep Fritz had a mere eight. Deep Blue could analyze 200 million moves per second, but Deep Fritz could deal with only 2.5 million. Yet Deep Fritz’s chess playing abilities more closely resemble those of a person. Deep Blue was able to defeat Kasparov by brute strength alone, calculating millions of possible moves and counter moves. Deep Fritz played Kramnik to a draw by using advanced pattern recognition skills, which allowed it to be competitive despite considering fewer move combinations.
1. The main idea of the passage is that ___________.
A. certain applications of AI technology provide insight into advances in the field
B. computer chess programs are now being designed to be more efficient and perform fewer calculations
C. computer chess programs will soon be able to defeat any human challenger
D. the public pays too much attention to frivolous applications of AI technology

2. According to the passage, the AI community did not view Deep Fritz’s draw as a failure because___________.
A. Kramnik was a higher ranked chess player than Kasporov and was thus harder to defeat
B. researchers did not expect Deep Fritz to win because it only had eight processors
C. Deep Fritz’s performance suggested that programmers were approaching one of their goals
D. Deep Blue’s victory had already proven that a computer could beat a grand champion in chess
 

3. The author implies that human chess players ___________.
A. will not lose to Deep Fritz
B. will soon be unable to defeat most computer chess programs
C. are not able to analyze possible move combinations when playing chess
D. rely on pattern recognition skills when playing chess

4. The primary purpose of the passage is to ___________.
A. contrast the abilities of two computer programs
B. encourage researchers to pursue more serious inquiries
C. detail the state of research in a particular field
D. compare human chess players to computer chess programs
 

Answer Section: 
(1) A (2) C (3) D (4)